6-keto, 7,8
... Fentanyl is a μ agonist with about 80 times the poyency of morphine. The advantages of fentanyl over morphine for anesthetic procedures are its short duration of action (1to 2 hours). A fentenyl patch has been released for the treatment of severe chronic pain. Fentanyl’s short duration of acti ...
... Fentanyl is a μ agonist with about 80 times the poyency of morphine. The advantages of fentanyl over morphine for anesthetic procedures are its short duration of action (1to 2 hours). A fentenyl patch has been released for the treatment of severe chronic pain. Fentanyl’s short duration of acti ...
neuroregulatory effects of nicotine
... suppression induced by electrostimulation of the midbrain reticular formation (MRF) was attenuated by the subcutaneous (SC) administration of 100 mg/kg of nicotine. These workers suggested that the effect may reflect activation of nicotinic receptors located in the limbic system, and most probably, ...
... suppression induced by electrostimulation of the midbrain reticular formation (MRF) was attenuated by the subcutaneous (SC) administration of 100 mg/kg of nicotine. These workers suggested that the effect may reflect activation of nicotinic receptors located in the limbic system, and most probably, ...
38: Opioids
... Despite nearly a century of opioid studies, the existence of specific opioid receptors was not proposed until the mid-20th century. Beckett and Casy noted a pronounced stereospecificity of existing opioids (only the l-isomer is active) and postulated that the drug needed to “fit” into a receptor.8 I ...
... Despite nearly a century of opioid studies, the existence of specific opioid receptors was not proposed until the mid-20th century. Beckett and Casy noted a pronounced stereospecificity of existing opioids (only the l-isomer is active) and postulated that the drug needed to “fit” into a receptor.8 I ...
The Effects of the Preferential 5
... these findings and the fact that especially hallucinogenic 5HT2A agonists and NMDA antagonists mimic some features of schizophrenia in humans (Vollenweider, 1998, 2001; Vollenweider and Geyer, 2001), PPI has been proposed as an animal model for detecting antipsychotic activity (Swerdlow et al, 1994; ...
... these findings and the fact that especially hallucinogenic 5HT2A agonists and NMDA antagonists mimic some features of schizophrenia in humans (Vollenweider, 1998, 2001; Vollenweider and Geyer, 2001), PPI has been proposed as an animal model for detecting antipsychotic activity (Swerdlow et al, 1994; ...
Potential role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors as executors of
... severe AD. Hence, memantine offers a unique tool to verify clinically the findings obtained from animal experiments and therefore is the focus of the current review. Given our current understanding of the multiplicative role of the NMDA receptors in numerous disease states, we propose that memantine ...
... severe AD. Hence, memantine offers a unique tool to verify clinically the findings obtained from animal experiments and therefore is the focus of the current review. Given our current understanding of the multiplicative role of the NMDA receptors in numerous disease states, we propose that memantine ...
Liver X Receptor Agonists as Potential Therapeutic Agents for
... from cellular cholesterol efflux through HDL metabolism to biliary cholesterol excretion. A partial list of LXR-induced genes, along with their presumed function, is given in Table 1. The apparent coordinate regulation of components of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway makes LXR an attractiv ...
... from cellular cholesterol efflux through HDL metabolism to biliary cholesterol excretion. A partial list of LXR-induced genes, along with their presumed function, is given in Table 1. The apparent coordinate regulation of components of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway makes LXR an attractiv ...
Neuropharmacology of N,N-dimethyltryptamine
... 1.1. Recreational use of DMT Most hallucinogens such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and 2,5-dimethoxy-4- methylamphetamine (DOM) cause sensory distortion, depersonalization at high doses, and at least one (N,Ndiisopropyltryptamine, DiPT) causes auditory distortions, whereas some compounds such ...
... 1.1. Recreational use of DMT Most hallucinogens such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and 2,5-dimethoxy-4- methylamphetamine (DOM) cause sensory distortion, depersonalization at high doses, and at least one (N,Ndiisopropyltryptamine, DiPT) causes auditory distortions, whereas some compounds such ...
Spinal Blockade of Opioid Receptors Prevents the Analgesia
... and k opioid receptors in antihyperalgesia produced by lowand high-frequency TENS by using an animal model of inflammation. Antagonists to m (naloxone), d (naltrinodole), or k (norbinaltorphimine) opioid receptors were delivered to the spinal cord by microdialysis. Joint inflammation was induced by ...
... and k opioid receptors in antihyperalgesia produced by lowand high-frequency TENS by using an animal model of inflammation. Antagonists to m (naloxone), d (naltrinodole), or k (norbinaltorphimine) opioid receptors were delivered to the spinal cord by microdialysis. Joint inflammation was induced by ...
100 Essential Drugs - University of Toledo
... MOA: for antidepressant effect: it may decrease supersensitivity of dopamine receptors, increase acetylcholine, enhance 5-HT activity for depression; for anti-mania effect: it may prevent recycling of phosphoinositides, thereby causing depletion of IP3 and DAG, which diminishes excess catecholamines ...
... MOA: for antidepressant effect: it may decrease supersensitivity of dopamine receptors, increase acetylcholine, enhance 5-HT activity for depression; for anti-mania effect: it may prevent recycling of phosphoinositides, thereby causing depletion of IP3 and DAG, which diminishes excess catecholamines ...
serotonin syndrome
... cause serotonin syndrome, and this makes sense because their therapeutic effect is based on their action on the serotonergic system. The SSRIs such as fluoxetine and sertraline and MAOIs such as phenelzine and moclobemide are common examples of these drugs Other drugs may cause serotonin syndrome, b ...
... cause serotonin syndrome, and this makes sense because their therapeutic effect is based on their action on the serotonergic system. The SSRIs such as fluoxetine and sertraline and MAOIs such as phenelzine and moclobemide are common examples of these drugs Other drugs may cause serotonin syndrome, b ...
the neurobiology of nicotine addiction: clinical and public policy
... shrinks with repeated exposure to nicotine. A youth who was able to keep withdrawal in check by smoking one cigarette every few days finds that, over time, he or she must smoke at more and more frequent intervals to keep withdrawal in check. Eventually, most smokers who have ready access to tobacco ...
... shrinks with repeated exposure to nicotine. A youth who was able to keep withdrawal in check by smoking one cigarette every few days finds that, over time, he or she must smoke at more and more frequent intervals to keep withdrawal in check. Eventually, most smokers who have ready access to tobacco ...
article in press
... programmed. After that, it was investigated the effect of guanosine, flunarizine and cinnarizine on animal models of psychosis, as well as in other behavioral tasks. Guanosine was chosen because it has been shown to interact with the glutamatergic system – which is known to be involved in the pathop ...
... programmed. After that, it was investigated the effect of guanosine, flunarizine and cinnarizine on animal models of psychosis, as well as in other behavioral tasks. Guanosine was chosen because it has been shown to interact with the glutamatergic system – which is known to be involved in the pathop ...
Synergistic interactions between Fenfluramine and
... various combinations of the drugs of interest produce the expected reductions in food intake. The results from the Roth and Rowland26 study con®rm a synergism between dexfen and phentermine on food intake in free-feeding rats (see Figure 2). The dose-response curves for dexfen and for phentermine ar ...
... various combinations of the drugs of interest produce the expected reductions in food intake. The results from the Roth and Rowland26 study con®rm a synergism between dexfen and phentermine on food intake in free-feeding rats (see Figure 2). The dose-response curves for dexfen and for phentermine ar ...
CRF Enhancement of GIRK Channel-Mediated
... (86.3±5.0%, not shown). CRF also caused a small but statistically significant slowing of the kinetics of the IPSC, measured as an increase in time-to-peak (Figure 1d, n ¼ 10). As has been shown previously, the kinetics of the IPSC were not dependent on the amplitude of the IPSC (Beckstead et al, 200 ...
... (86.3±5.0%, not shown). CRF also caused a small but statistically significant slowing of the kinetics of the IPSC, measured as an increase in time-to-peak (Figure 1d, n ¼ 10). As has been shown previously, the kinetics of the IPSC were not dependent on the amplitude of the IPSC (Beckstead et al, 200 ...
Neuropeptides in learning and memory processes with focus
... There are a number of factors that have hampered our understanding of the functional roles of neuropeptides. Since most neuropeptides do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, their effects on brain functions are mostly investigated after central administration (mainly intracerebroventricular; i.c.v ...
... There are a number of factors that have hampered our understanding of the functional roles of neuropeptides. Since most neuropeptides do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, their effects on brain functions are mostly investigated after central administration (mainly intracerebroventricular; i.c.v ...
READ MORE - Seropeutics
... the operant chambers with 0.3 ml of ethanol gel placed on the edge of the active lever and a 30 min fixed ratio 1 session was started. This “shaping” procedure occurred only on the first day of operant training. Only responses on the active levers resulted in gel delivery (0.15 g) and illumination of ...
... the operant chambers with 0.3 ml of ethanol gel placed on the edge of the active lever and a 30 min fixed ratio 1 session was started. This “shaping” procedure occurred only on the first day of operant training. Only responses on the active levers resulted in gel delivery (0.15 g) and illumination of ...
Multiple mechanisms involved in the large-spectrum
... study so far has investigated the involvement of 5HT1A mechanisms in CBD effects, the anxiolytic profile of this drug in the public speaking model was remarkably similar to the positive control ipsapirone, a 5HT1A receptor partial agonist [24]. Other CBD effects also involve 5-HT1A receptors. It dec ...
... study so far has investigated the involvement of 5HT1A mechanisms in CBD effects, the anxiolytic profile of this drug in the public speaking model was remarkably similar to the positive control ipsapirone, a 5HT1A receptor partial agonist [24]. Other CBD effects also involve 5-HT1A receptors. It dec ...
Role of Mu- and Delta-Opioid Receptors in the
... thiorphan (1–10 mg/side) was blocked by naltrindole but not CTAP. MOR stimulation in more dorsal caudate-putamen sites was ineffective, whereas DPDPE infusions induced cocaine seeking. Together, these findings establish distinct roles for MOR and DOR in cocaine relapse and suggest that NAc MOR could ...
... thiorphan (1–10 mg/side) was blocked by naltrindole but not CTAP. MOR stimulation in more dorsal caudate-putamen sites was ineffective, whereas DPDPE infusions induced cocaine seeking. Together, these findings establish distinct roles for MOR and DOR in cocaine relapse and suggest that NAc MOR could ...
A Multifaceted GABAA Receptor Modulator
... general anesthetic etomidate. The negligible activities displayed by methaqualone at numerous neurotransmitter receptors and transporters in an elaborate screening for additional putative central nervous system (CNS) targets suggest that it is a selective GABAAR modulator. The mode of action of meth ...
... general anesthetic etomidate. The negligible activities displayed by methaqualone at numerous neurotransmitter receptors and transporters in an elaborate screening for additional putative central nervous system (CNS) targets suggest that it is a selective GABAAR modulator. The mode of action of meth ...
Opioid Receptors and Legal Highs - The Salvia divinorum Research
... not result in respiratory depression. Salvinorin A has been demonstrated to have pharmacological activity consistent with known KOR agonists including analgesia, sedation, inhibition of GI transit, aversion, and depressant effects (19–24). The mechanism by which the KOR produces hallucinations is un ...
... not result in respiratory depression. Salvinorin A has been demonstrated to have pharmacological activity consistent with known KOR agonists including analgesia, sedation, inhibition of GI transit, aversion, and depressant effects (19–24). The mechanism by which the KOR produces hallucinations is un ...
Introduction
... terpenoid derivative Δ9-THC were dued by its hydrophobic nature that might act by influencing membrane fluidity, rather than combining with a specific receptor. However, by the mid 1980’s, several groups had shown that cannabinoid activity was highly stereospecific (Razdan, 1986) which led to the se ...
... terpenoid derivative Δ9-THC were dued by its hydrophobic nature that might act by influencing membrane fluidity, rather than combining with a specific receptor. However, by the mid 1980’s, several groups had shown that cannabinoid activity was highly stereospecific (Razdan, 1986) which led to the se ...