A FAIR GLOBALIZATION: CREATING OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL
... nascent sense of interdependence, commitment to shared universal values, and solidarity among peoples across the world can be channelled to build enlightened and democratic global governance in the interests of all. The global market economy has demonstrated great productive capacity. Wisely managed ...
... nascent sense of interdependence, commitment to shared universal values, and solidarity among peoples across the world can be channelled to build enlightened and democratic global governance in the interests of all. The global market economy has demonstrated great productive capacity. Wisely managed ...
Vote of confidence in the promise of ASEAN www.pwc.com/apec The ASEAN cut
... likelihood of fewer barriers and restrictions to facilitate business growth and trade in the Asia Pacific by 2020. The ongoing negotiations to promote free trade and economic integration between economies and trade blocs did not seem to impress as many business leaders in the 7 APEC economies in ASE ...
... likelihood of fewer barriers and restrictions to facilitate business growth and trade in the Asia Pacific by 2020. The ongoing negotiations to promote free trade and economic integration between economies and trade blocs did not seem to impress as many business leaders in the 7 APEC economies in ASE ...
Workers` Remittances and Borrowing Constraints in Recipient
... These currency transfers sent by migrants to their family stayed in the home country are exponentially growing and have reached significant levels, particularly at the scale of GDP in developing countries. According to Chami and Fullenkamp (2013) [14], remittances represented in 2011 more than 1% of ...
... These currency transfers sent by migrants to their family stayed in the home country are exponentially growing and have reached significant levels, particularly at the scale of GDP in developing countries. According to Chami and Fullenkamp (2013) [14], remittances represented in 2011 more than 1% of ...
Chapter 2 Economics: The Framework for Business
... c) the major issues facing the national economy, but these issues often impact an individual’s well-being. d) the role of government, while microeconomics focuses on the private sector. ANS: C ...
... c) the major issues facing the national economy, but these issues often impact an individual’s well-being. d) the role of government, while microeconomics focuses on the private sector. ANS: C ...
Does Globalization Impact Entrepreneurship
... both terms pose subjects for many broad academic discussions, possible linkages are found in a wide spectrum of research literature. By highlighting theoretic interconnectedness and discussing the grey areas – of the effects of globalization on a country’s level of entrepreneurship - that have troub ...
... both terms pose subjects for many broad academic discussions, possible linkages are found in a wide spectrum of research literature. By highlighting theoretic interconnectedness and discussing the grey areas – of the effects of globalization on a country’s level of entrepreneurship - that have troub ...
Econ261, Pretest 1
... a. Persons wish to buy things, and if output falls, people need to work less to earn the income to buy the smaller output. b. Labor is an input, and if output falls, employers need fewer workers to make it, so the employment falls. c. When output rises, persons are more interested in buying, and wil ...
... a. Persons wish to buy things, and if output falls, people need to work less to earn the income to buy the smaller output. b. Labor is an input, and if output falls, employers need fewer workers to make it, so the employment falls. c. When output rises, persons are more interested in buying, and wil ...
PDF
... and income; medium-term benefits in the form of increased participation in the labor force by parents and caretakers (especially by women); and long-term benefits in the form of children who are better prepared for school. The childcare sector is often described as local infrastructure which provide ...
... and income; medium-term benefits in the form of increased participation in the labor force by parents and caretakers (especially by women); and long-term benefits in the form of children who are better prepared for school. The childcare sector is often described as local infrastructure which provide ...
Systematic Errors in Growth Expectations over the Business Cycle
... xt is the process that governs growth dynamics in the first business-cycle regime. it follows a Bernoulli distribution and determines whether the economy is in the first business-cycle regime (it = 0) or in the second one (it = 1); the second regime occurs with probability pr , where this probabili ...
... xt is the process that governs growth dynamics in the first business-cycle regime. it follows a Bernoulli distribution and determines whether the economy is in the first business-cycle regime (it = 0) or in the second one (it = 1); the second regime occurs with probability pr , where this probabili ...
weak investment in uncertain times
... Investment growth in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) has slowed sharply since 2010. This deceleration has been most pronounced in the largest emerging markets and commodity-exporting EMDEs, but has now spread to the majority of these economies: investment growth is below its long-te ...
... Investment growth in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) has slowed sharply since 2010. This deceleration has been most pronounced in the largest emerging markets and commodity-exporting EMDEs, but has now spread to the majority of these economies: investment growth is below its long-te ...
The Arab Republic of Egypt
... for reducing poverty and improving quality of lives. That agenda was embedded in the framework of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Most of these development goals need to be achieved by 2015, using 1990 as the starting benchmark. For each of these goals more specific targets and indicators h ...
... for reducing poverty and improving quality of lives. That agenda was embedded in the framework of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Most of these development goals need to be achieved by 2015, using 1990 as the starting benchmark. For each of these goals more specific targets and indicators h ...
Special Evaluation Study on ADB Support for Public
... tried to accomplish too much simultaneously. Reform programs were mostly planned for implementation over 3 years. Some measures could be accomplished in the short term (e.g., budget cuts to reduce deficits quickly), but institutional and public enterprise reforms needed 5– 10 years to implement. To ...
... tried to accomplish too much simultaneously. Reform programs were mostly planned for implementation over 3 years. Some measures could be accomplished in the short term (e.g., budget cuts to reduce deficits quickly), but institutional and public enterprise reforms needed 5– 10 years to implement. To ...
Turning Vision 2020 into Reality
... debate. Every year since then, these reports have addressed global challenges from a people-centred perspective, with a very simple message: human development is about much more than the rise or fall of national incomes. It is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full pote ...
... debate. Every year since then, these reports have addressed global challenges from a people-centred perspective, with a very simple message: human development is about much more than the rise or fall of national incomes. It is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full pote ...
Who are the Unemployed?
... those who have no source of income, reducing unemployment is not costless. • In the short run, a reduction in unemployment may come at the expense of a higher rate of inflation, especially if the economy is close to full capacity, where resources are almost fully employed. ...
... those who have no source of income, reducing unemployment is not costless. • In the short run, a reduction in unemployment may come at the expense of a higher rate of inflation, especially if the economy is close to full capacity, where resources are almost fully employed. ...
Is Newer Better? Penn World Table Revisions and Their Impact on ∗
... A large literature has assessed the basic methodology employed by the PWT for determining these PPPs. In addition to the series of papers by Kravis, Heston, and Summers (1978) and Summers and Heston (1980, 1991, and 1996), notable contributions include Ciccone and Jarocinski (2008), Deaton (2006), D ...
... A large literature has assessed the basic methodology employed by the PWT for determining these PPPs. In addition to the series of papers by Kravis, Heston, and Summers (1978) and Summers and Heston (1980, 1991, and 1996), notable contributions include Ciccone and Jarocinski (2008), Deaton (2006), D ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).