Projections of the paraventricular and paratenial nuclei
... The paraventricular (PV) and paratenial (PT) nuclei are prominent cell groups of the midline thalamus. To our knowledge, only a single early report has examined PV projections and no previous study has comprehensively analyzed PT projections. By using the anterograde anatomical tracer, Phaseolus vul ...
... The paraventricular (PV) and paratenial (PT) nuclei are prominent cell groups of the midline thalamus. To our knowledge, only a single early report has examined PV projections and no previous study has comprehensively analyzed PT projections. By using the anterograde anatomical tracer, Phaseolus vul ...
computational modeling of observational learning - FORTH-ICS
... Observational learning is the ability to learn and acquire new motor knowledge only by observation. Otherwise referred to as mental practice, or mental imagery, observational learning is formally defined as the symbolic rehearsal of a physical activity in the absence of a ...
... Observational learning is the ability to learn and acquire new motor knowledge only by observation. Otherwise referred to as mental practice, or mental imagery, observational learning is formally defined as the symbolic rehearsal of a physical activity in the absence of a ...
PDF - Kalina Christoff
... Even as psychedelic research stalled, the neuroscientific tools available for understanding human brain function were advancing by leaps and bounds. Rapid technological developments led to remarkable improvements in ...
... Even as psychedelic research stalled, the neuroscientific tools available for understanding human brain function were advancing by leaps and bounds. Rapid technological developments led to remarkable improvements in ...
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
... not only from new methods of exploring the brain, including new neuroanatomical staining techniques and brain imaging methods in humans, but also from a need to unite our knowledge of brain function and structure with clinical observations. The task is to enable an integration of brain-behavior rela ...
... not only from new methods of exploring the brain, including new neuroanatomical staining techniques and brain imaging methods in humans, but also from a need to unite our knowledge of brain function and structure with clinical observations. The task is to enable an integration of brain-behavior rela ...
Neuroimaging and neuropsychological findings in
... with specific regional brain abnormalities. For example, several studies have suggested that adult OCD is characterized by a prominent impairment in response inhibition [3,4] , which could be conceptualized as an adult OCD endophenotype [5,6] . In examining pediatric OCD, neuropsychological perform ...
... with specific regional brain abnormalities. For example, several studies have suggested that adult OCD is characterized by a prominent impairment in response inhibition [3,4] , which could be conceptualized as an adult OCD endophenotype [5,6] . In examining pediatric OCD, neuropsychological perform ...
The neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in
... as filling-in at an artificial scotoma, but I regard this term as being too general and potentially confusing, so here I refer to it as texture filling-in. This type of filling-in does not happen instantaneously; it usually takes several seconds or longer for filling-in to occur. Eye movements break ...
... as filling-in at an artificial scotoma, but I regard this term as being too general and potentially confusing, so here I refer to it as texture filling-in. This type of filling-in does not happen instantaneously; it usually takes several seconds or longer for filling-in to occur. Eye movements break ...
cortical input to the basal forebrain
... globus pallidus receive synaptic input from the insular cortex.53 The verification of actual synaptic contact between these afferent fiber systems and cholinergic projection neurons requires appropriate combinations of double labeling methods at the ultrastructural level, in which the afferent syste ...
... globus pallidus receive synaptic input from the insular cortex.53 The verification of actual synaptic contact between these afferent fiber systems and cholinergic projection neurons requires appropriate combinations of double labeling methods at the ultrastructural level, in which the afferent syste ...
View/Open - DukeSpace
... but associating functional regions with cytoarchitectonic zones is not always straightforward. The FEF, for example, straddles two distinct cytoarchitectonic zones (Walker’s 8A and 45) even though its functions seem continuous across them. It is generally accepted that eye-movement-related neurons c ...
... but associating functional regions with cytoarchitectonic zones is not always straightforward. The FEF, for example, straddles two distinct cytoarchitectonic zones (Walker’s 8A and 45) even though its functions seem continuous across them. It is generally accepted that eye-movement-related neurons c ...
Timing in reward and decision processes
... Although we focus presently on reward, all reinforcement processes, including aversive learning and reactions, are subjected to timing processes. The term ‘timing’ refers not only to the duration of an event but also to the moment at which the event is likely to occur (temporal prediction). Both dur ...
... Although we focus presently on reward, all reinforcement processes, including aversive learning and reactions, are subjected to timing processes. The term ‘timing’ refers not only to the duration of an event but also to the moment at which the event is likely to occur (temporal prediction). Both dur ...
Experience-dependent corticofugal adjustment
... ‘‘unmatched’’ subcortical neurons. This cortical function for the adjustment and improvement of subcortical information processing is called egocentric selection. Egocentric selection enhances the neural representation of frequently occurring signals in the central auditory system. For our present s ...
... ‘‘unmatched’’ subcortical neurons. This cortical function for the adjustment and improvement of subcortical information processing is called egocentric selection. Egocentric selection enhances the neural representation of frequently occurring signals in the central auditory system. For our present s ...
Can the negative deflections found with EEG on frontocentral
... (2003) showed that the oddball and Go/No-go N2 are the same and depend on unfrequency despite being a target or non-target. A classical task to test conflicting stimulus attributes is the Erikson flankers task. In the Erikson flankers task the N200’s amplitude seems to be larger in slow RT trials c ...
... (2003) showed that the oddball and Go/No-go N2 are the same and depend on unfrequency despite being a target or non-target. A classical task to test conflicting stimulus attributes is the Erikson flankers task. In the Erikson flankers task the N200’s amplitude seems to be larger in slow RT trials c ...
Full Text - Anesth Pain Med
... and Burnstein make a good case against the brainstem as a migraine generator, arguing that it is inconceivable that the PAG, which is positioned to modulate pain at all spinal segment levels, would only generate cephalic pain but no pain in other body parts (61). In fact, DLP activation is not speci ...
... and Burnstein make a good case against the brainstem as a migraine generator, arguing that it is inconceivable that the PAG, which is positioned to modulate pain at all spinal segment levels, would only generate cephalic pain but no pain in other body parts (61). In fact, DLP activation is not speci ...
The Wick in the Candle of Learning
... classified as being in the high- or low-curiosity condition according to the condition to which the whole trial had been assigned. Thus, there were two curiosity conditions for each epoch, resulting in a total of 10 separate regressors of interest. Each regressor was time-locked to stimulus presenta ...
... classified as being in the high- or low-curiosity condition according to the condition to which the whole trial had been assigned. Thus, there were two curiosity conditions for each epoch, resulting in a total of 10 separate regressors of interest. Each regressor was time-locked to stimulus presenta ...
PDF version - Richard Andersen
... and offset and from the duration of the saccadic movement task. The analysis presented here is based on 161 neurons re(typically 60 ms). For both areas LIP and 7a the distribution of corded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), a recently defined subdivision of the IPL; and 54 neurons recorded ...
... and offset and from the duration of the saccadic movement task. The analysis presented here is based on 161 neurons re(typically 60 ms). For both areas LIP and 7a the distribution of corded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), a recently defined subdivision of the IPL; and 54 neurons recorded ...
Electroencephalography - Department of Computational and
... During the recording, a series of activation procedures may be used. These procedures may induce normal or abnormal EEG activity that might not otherwise be seen. These procedures include hyperventilation, photic stimulation (with a strobe light), eye closure, mental activity, sleep and sleep depriv ...
... During the recording, a series of activation procedures may be used. These procedures may induce normal or abnormal EEG activity that might not otherwise be seen. These procedures include hyperventilation, photic stimulation (with a strobe light), eye closure, mental activity, sleep and sleep depriv ...
IMAGERY PERSPECTIVE AND MEMORY RECALL 1 Accepted for
... directly contrasted to observer perspective imagery, which would fit the idea that field perspective imagery is related to a greater sense of ‘reliving’ and subjective emotionality (see also Eich et al., 2009). Additionally we hypothesized that the posterior cingulate cortex/ precuneus would show gr ...
... directly contrasted to observer perspective imagery, which would fit the idea that field perspective imagery is related to a greater sense of ‘reliving’ and subjective emotionality (see also Eich et al., 2009). Additionally we hypothesized that the posterior cingulate cortex/ precuneus would show gr ...
Coordinated Optimization of Visual Cortical Maps
... timescales. If this was the case, developmental optimization may lead to long-lived spatially irregular states that are transients towards regular patterns that would be reached after very long times or potentially never. To assess this possibility it is critical to examine model predictions over a ...
... timescales. If this was the case, developmental optimization may lead to long-lived spatially irregular states that are transients towards regular patterns that would be reached after very long times or potentially never. To assess this possibility it is critical to examine model predictions over a ...
Morphine effects on monetary reward - DUO
... A number of cortical and subcortical brain regions have been implicated in reward processes (see Figure 1). An influential early contribution to the field of affective neuroscience came from electrophysiology studies in the 1950s. Using intracranial electrodes, Olds and Milner (1954) found evidence ...
... A number of cortical and subcortical brain regions have been implicated in reward processes (see Figure 1). An influential early contribution to the field of affective neuroscience came from electrophysiology studies in the 1950s. Using intracranial electrodes, Olds and Milner (1954) found evidence ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... amygdala, and anterior temporal lobe form a network underlying emotion and motivation. Paul MacLean crystallised previous works by incorporating both Papez’ and Yakovlev’s views into a model of the limbic system (MacLean, 1949, 1952). MacLean concluded that the limbic cortex, together with the limbi ...
... amygdala, and anterior temporal lobe form a network underlying emotion and motivation. Paul MacLean crystallised previous works by incorporating both Papez’ and Yakovlev’s views into a model of the limbic system (MacLean, 1949, 1952). MacLean concluded that the limbic cortex, together with the limbi ...
donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
Patterns of GABAergic Immunoreactivity Define Subdivisions of the
... such neurons. While the rostral pole nucleus (RP;E,F)is included here within the territory of the ventral division, it may actually belong to the dorsal division on the basis of its connectionswith the inferior colliculus (Wenstrup and Winer, '87) and cytoarchitecture (Winer and Wenstrup, '92b). If ...
... such neurons. While the rostral pole nucleus (RP;E,F)is included here within the territory of the ventral division, it may actually belong to the dorsal division on the basis of its connectionswith the inferior colliculus (Wenstrup and Winer, '87) and cytoarchitecture (Winer and Wenstrup, '92b). If ...
Complete Pattern of Ocular Dominance Columns in Human Primary
... length of the binocular perimeter. All data are reported as mean ⫾ SD. Spatial averaging. The relationship between patches and columns can be quantified by measuring the distance from patch centers to column borders (Hübener et al., 1997; Duffy et al., 2007). However, patches in humans are less pun ...
... length of the binocular perimeter. All data are reported as mean ⫾ SD. Spatial averaging. The relationship between patches and columns can be quantified by measuring the distance from patch centers to column borders (Hübener et al., 1997; Duffy et al., 2007). However, patches in humans are less pun ...
Eyeblink Conditioning During an Interstimulus Interval Switch in
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
the amygdala and reward
... if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processing of positive emotions, particularly in specific kinds of stimulus–reward learning. This review explores selected aspects of this evidence. Contributions from experimental ...
... if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processing of positive emotions, particularly in specific kinds of stimulus–reward learning. This review explores selected aspects of this evidence. Contributions from experimental ...
THE AMYGDALA AND REWARD
... if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processing of positive emotions, particularly in specific kinds of stimulus–reward learning. This review explores selected aspects of this evidence. Contributions from experimental ...
... if at all (but see REFS 4,5). However, there is considerable experimental evidence that the amygdala has a role in the processing of positive emotions, particularly in specific kinds of stimulus–reward learning. This review explores selected aspects of this evidence. Contributions from experimental ...