- VU Research Repository
... One of the major yeast stressors during fermentation is ethanol accumulation. Ethanol stress is associated with reduced cell growth and viability, consequently lowering yeast productivity. Although the underlying causes of ethanol inhibition of cells are yet to be identified, it has been discovered ...
... One of the major yeast stressors during fermentation is ethanol accumulation. Ethanol stress is associated with reduced cell growth and viability, consequently lowering yeast productivity. Although the underlying causes of ethanol inhibition of cells are yet to be identified, it has been discovered ...
Systems biology of inborn errors of metabolism
... cellular homeostasis. Simultaneously, the global human metabolic networks, Recon 1 and Recon 2, are landmarks in this regard. The work presented in this thesis discusses the combined bottom-up and module approaches to expand and refine the mother networks. It also highlights the importance of transp ...
... cellular homeostasis. Simultaneously, the global human metabolic networks, Recon 1 and Recon 2, are landmarks in this regard. The work presented in this thesis discusses the combined bottom-up and module approaches to expand and refine the mother networks. It also highlights the importance of transp ...
Abiotic stress in plants: Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins Imen Amara
... identified and have been classified into two groups: regulatory and functional genes (Cramer et al. 2011; Shinozaki and Yamaguchi-Shinozaki 2007) (Figure 1). The first group comprises regulatory proteins, i.e. protein factors involved in further regulation of signal transduction and stress responsiv ...
... identified and have been classified into two groups: regulatory and functional genes (Cramer et al. 2011; Shinozaki and Yamaguchi-Shinozaki 2007) (Figure 1). The first group comprises regulatory proteins, i.e. protein factors involved in further regulation of signal transduction and stress responsiv ...
Complete genome sequence of the prototype lactic acid bacterium
... which were on the leading strand of chromosome replication. For 1,574 (62%) of the deduced CDS products, a general or specific function was predicted. A comparison with the genome sequences of L. lactis IL1403 (11) and L. lactis subsp. cremoris SK11 (66) revealed that there is approximately 85% DNA ...
... which were on the leading strand of chromosome replication. For 1,574 (62%) of the deduced CDS products, a general or specific function was predicted. A comparison with the genome sequences of L. lactis IL1403 (11) and L. lactis subsp. cremoris SK11 (66) revealed that there is approximately 85% DNA ...
Short-Term Overexpression of a Constitutively Active Form of AMP
... AMPK in drug development. Studies in animal models of type 2 diabetes have shown that the pharmacological activation of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) or metformin decreases blood glucose levels and improves lipid profile (7–9). However, these compounds are not ideal ...
... AMPK in drug development. Studies in animal models of type 2 diabetes have shown that the pharmacological activation of AMPK with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) or metformin decreases blood glucose levels and improves lipid profile (7–9). However, these compounds are not ideal ...
Progesterone-stimulated intracellular calcium increase in human
... Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Unità di Andrologia, Università di Firenze, viale Pieraccini 6, I-50139 Firenze, Italy 1To ...
... Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Unità di Andrologia, Università di Firenze, viale Pieraccini 6, I-50139 Firenze, Italy 1To ...
Balancing between respiration and fermentation - UvA-DARE
... Inn addition to this, the two yeasts also differ in ADP/ATP translocation mechanism by the ADP/ATPP antiporter protein encoded by the AAC genes. In S. cerevisiae, three genes encoding thiss carrier have been identified, with different expression patterns depending on aerobic and anaerobicc condition ...
... Inn addition to this, the two yeasts also differ in ADP/ATP translocation mechanism by the ADP/ATPP antiporter protein encoded by the AAC genes. In S. cerevisiae, three genes encoding thiss carrier have been identified, with different expression patterns depending on aerobic and anaerobicc condition ...
3 Citrate metabolism and aroma compound production in lactic acid
... diacetyl, acetoin and butanediol, which have aromatic properties. One of these compounds, diacetyl is responsible for the buttery aroma of dairy products such as butter, acid cream and cottage cheese. In addition, it is an important component of the flavour of different kinds of chesses and yoghurt. ...
... diacetyl, acetoin and butanediol, which have aromatic properties. One of these compounds, diacetyl is responsible for the buttery aroma of dairy products such as butter, acid cream and cottage cheese. In addition, it is an important component of the flavour of different kinds of chesses and yoghurt. ...
The Role of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in
... the liver. ChREBP target genes are involved in glycolysis (Glut2, liver pyruvate kinase), fructolysis (Glut5, ketohexokinase), and lipogenesis (acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase). ChREBP gene deletion protects against high sucrose diet-induced and leptin-deficient obesity, because Chrebp−/ ...
... the liver. ChREBP target genes are involved in glycolysis (Glut2, liver pyruvate kinase), fructolysis (Glut5, ketohexokinase), and lipogenesis (acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase). ChREBP gene deletion protects against high sucrose diet-induced and leptin-deficient obesity, because Chrebp−/ ...
SOLUTIONS TO NEET 2017 - (7-5-2017) - Code P
... Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecules synthesis. Select the CORRECT statement. (1) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin chain synthesis. (2) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin chain synthesis. (3) Thalassemia is due to less synthesi ...
... Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due to a problem in globin molecules synthesis. Select the CORRECT statement. (1) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin chain synthesis. (2) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin chain synthesis. (3) Thalassemia is due to less synthesi ...
Role of adiponectin in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid
... 17. Maeda N, Takahashi M, Funahashi T, et al. PPAR gamma ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein. Diabetes 2001; 50: 2094-2099. 18. Fasshauer M, Klein J, Neumann S, Eszlinger M, Paschke R. Hormonal regulation of adiponectin gene expression in ...
... 17. Maeda N, Takahashi M, Funahashi T, et al. PPAR gamma ligands increase expression and plasma concentrations of adiponectin, an adipose-derived protein. Diabetes 2001; 50: 2094-2099. 18. Fasshauer M, Klein J, Neumann S, Eszlinger M, Paschke R. Hormonal regulation of adiponectin gene expression in ...
Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase—Associated
... HIV RT is multifunctional, with both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, as well as ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that degrades the RNA component of the RNA/DNA hybrids duplex intermediate formed during reverse transcription. All of these RT activities are essential for tran ...
... HIV RT is multifunctional, with both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, as well as ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that degrades the RNA component of the RNA/DNA hybrids duplex intermediate formed during reverse transcription. All of these RT activities are essential for tran ...
Is transcriptomic regulation of berry development more
... understanding of some traits of berry ripening including the regulation of tannin and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways [23]. However, major physiological events such as the onset of malic acid respiration are not fully understood at this time [24,25]. Presumably the lack of significant transcriptio ...
... understanding of some traits of berry ripening including the regulation of tannin and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways [23]. However, major physiological events such as the onset of malic acid respiration are not fully understood at this time [24,25]. Presumably the lack of significant transcriptio ...
6.
... mistakes would not represent functional, regulated alternative splicing. What portion of the observed splice variants represents functional alternative splicing? We employed a comparative genomics approach to address this question, by compiling a dataset of exon-skipping events (cassette exons) that ...
... mistakes would not represent functional, regulated alternative splicing. What portion of the observed splice variants represents functional alternative splicing? We employed a comparative genomics approach to address this question, by compiling a dataset of exon-skipping events (cassette exons) that ...
Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase—Associated
... HIV RT is multifunctional, with both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, as well as ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that degrades the RNA component of the RNA/DNA hybrids duplex intermediate formed during reverse transcription. All of these RT activities are essential for tran ...
... HIV RT is multifunctional, with both RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity, as well as ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that degrades the RNA component of the RNA/DNA hybrids duplex intermediate formed during reverse transcription. All of these RT activities are essential for tran ...
Landick R, Yanofsky C. 1987. Transcription
... segment of the leader region. While the polymerase pauses in the leader region, the opportunity is provided for loading of a ribosome at the leader peptide ribosome-binding site of the leader transcript. After a ribosome loads and begins translation, it approaches the paused polymerase. As it nears ...
... segment of the leader region. While the polymerase pauses in the leader region, the opportunity is provided for loading of a ribosome at the leader peptide ribosome-binding site of the leader transcript. After a ribosome loads and begins translation, it approaches the paused polymerase. As it nears ...
Major roles of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase in
... after germination. Spores of an mls1 null mutant inoculated onto wheat seedlings and leaves were unable to induce necrotic lesions on either tissue, indicating that this gene is essential for virulence on wheat. The biological reason for this phenotype is that the mls1-deficient strain has dramatica ...
... after germination. Spores of an mls1 null mutant inoculated onto wheat seedlings and leaves were unable to induce necrotic lesions on either tissue, indicating that this gene is essential for virulence on wheat. The biological reason for this phenotype is that the mls1-deficient strain has dramatica ...
Nucleic acid vaccines against rickettsial diseases and methods of use
... This application is a divisional of Ser. No. 09/553,662, ?led Apr. 21, 2000; Which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 09/337,827, ?led Jun. 22, 1999; Which is a divisional of ...
... This application is a divisional of Ser. No. 09/553,662, ?led Apr. 21, 2000; Which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 09/337,827, ?led Jun. 22, 1999; Which is a divisional of ...
Bio 1305--Modern Concepts of Bioscience
... 6. Explain how redox reactions are involved in energy exchanges 7. Define coenzyme and list those involved in respiration (e.g., NAD+) 8. Describe the role of ATP in coupled reactions 9. Explain why ATP is required for the preparatory steps of glycolysis 10. Write a summary equation for glycolysis a ...
... 6. Explain how redox reactions are involved in energy exchanges 7. Define coenzyme and list those involved in respiration (e.g., NAD+) 8. Describe the role of ATP in coupled reactions 9. Explain why ATP is required for the preparatory steps of glycolysis 10. Write a summary equation for glycolysis a ...
as a PDF
... Interestingly, during growth on oxygen plus heme, the respiratory chain expulses protons, allowing growth rescue of an ATPase mutant (4). Respiration may thus protect cells against a decrease in intracellular pH during growth. The clear distinctions between L. lactis and respiratory bacteria like E. ...
... Interestingly, during growth on oxygen plus heme, the respiratory chain expulses protons, allowing growth rescue of an ATPase mutant (4). Respiration may thus protect cells against a decrease in intracellular pH during growth. The clear distinctions between L. lactis and respiratory bacteria like E. ...
The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus
... al., 2001). One potential problem for PCR is the possibility of false-negative reactions due to PCR inhibitors that might be present in some foods. Several conventional procedures for isolating S. aureus from foods are described below. Nonselective Enrichment Procedures It is often necessary to use ...
... al., 2001). One potential problem for PCR is the possibility of false-negative reactions due to PCR inhibitors that might be present in some foods. Several conventional procedures for isolating S. aureus from foods are described below. Nonselective Enrichment Procedures It is often necessary to use ...
The cuticle
... The cuticle surrounding the main body of the animal can be sub-divided into the broad dorsal and ventral regions overlying the dorsal and ventral hypodermis and the narrow lateral regions overlying the seam cells where longitudinal ridges termed alae are positioned on the cuticle of the L1 and dauer ...
... The cuticle surrounding the main body of the animal can be sub-divided into the broad dorsal and ventral regions overlying the dorsal and ventral hypodermis and the narrow lateral regions overlying the seam cells where longitudinal ridges termed alae are positioned on the cuticle of the L1 and dauer ...
Membrane transporters in a human genome
... Membrane transporters enable efficient cellular metabolism, aid in nutrient sensing, and have been associated with various diseases, such as obesity and cancer. Genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions capture genomic, physiological, and biochemical knowledge of a target organism, along with a ...
... Membrane transporters enable efficient cellular metabolism, aid in nutrient sensing, and have been associated with various diseases, such as obesity and cancer. Genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions capture genomic, physiological, and biochemical knowledge of a target organism, along with a ...
Role of NAD+-Dependent Malate Dehydrogenase in the Metabolism
... the three domains of life. It plays crucial roles in many metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, energy generation and the formation of metabolites for biosynthesis. Aerobic bacteria utilizing methane as a sole source of carbon and energy (methanotrophs) belong to the Alph ...
... the three domains of life. It plays crucial roles in many metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, energy generation and the formation of metabolites for biosynthesis. Aerobic bacteria utilizing methane as a sole source of carbon and energy (methanotrophs) belong to the Alph ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.