Comparative genomics of unintrogressed Campylobacter coli clades 2 and 3
... 76339, revealed that it belonged to clade 3 of unintrogressed C. coli. A more extensive respiratory metabolism among unintrogressed C. coli strains was found compared to introgressed C. coli (clade 1). We also identified other genes, such as serine proteases and an active sialyltransferase in the li ...
... 76339, revealed that it belonged to clade 3 of unintrogressed C. coli. A more extensive respiratory metabolism among unintrogressed C. coli strains was found compared to introgressed C. coli (clade 1). We also identified other genes, such as serine proteases and an active sialyltransferase in the li ...
The enzymes of biotin dependent CO2 metabolism: What structures
... most stable position for the B-domain may not be in the completely open state in the absence of substrate but rather in a partially closed state.27 Single molecule fluorescence studies will be needed to experimentally confirm the resting positions of the Bdomains in the absence of substrates. The so ...
... most stable position for the B-domain may not be in the completely open state in the absence of substrate but rather in a partially closed state.27 Single molecule fluorescence studies will be needed to experimentally confirm the resting positions of the Bdomains in the absence of substrates. The so ...
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
... prevents muscle and other tissues from catabolizing glucose & gluconeogenesis precursors. Metabolism shifts toward fat utilization. Muscle protein breakdown to supply gluconeogenesis precursors is minimized. Available glucose is spared for use by the brain. ...
... prevents muscle and other tissues from catabolizing glucose & gluconeogenesis precursors. Metabolism shifts toward fat utilization. Muscle protein breakdown to supply gluconeogenesis precursors is minimized. Available glucose is spared for use by the brain. ...
DISCOVERY OF ENZYMES RESPONSIBLE FOR AN ALTERNATE
... discovered to be so profound that it required a change in the biological classification system (2). Archaea are now positioned in a separate domain with bacteria and eukaryotes representing the other domains and creating the three domain biological classification system most prominent today. Their u ...
... discovered to be so profound that it required a change in the biological classification system (2). Archaea are now positioned in a separate domain with bacteria and eukaryotes representing the other domains and creating the three domain biological classification system most prominent today. Their u ...
Exploring the directionality of Escherichia coli formate
... used was 5 mmol/L H2SO4 with a flow of 0.5 mL min−1 at 50°C for 30 min with UV detection at 210 nm. The formate peak eluted at 16.2 min and a standard curve was prepared between 1 and 200 nmol formate. Samples were prepared following anaerobic growth, after which the cells were washed with 20 mmol/L ...
... used was 5 mmol/L H2SO4 with a flow of 0.5 mL min−1 at 50°C for 30 min with UV detection at 210 nm. The formate peak eluted at 16.2 min and a standard curve was prepared between 1 and 200 nmol formate. Samples were prepared following anaerobic growth, after which the cells were washed with 20 mmol/L ...
Affinity Precipitation of a Monoclonal Antibody ELP-Z Stimuli Responsive Biopolymer
... The Z domain is an engineered B domain from staphylococcal Protein A (Nilsson et al., 1987). It consists of an antiparallel three-helix bundle containing 58 amino acid residues that selectively binds to the Fc portion of IgGs with high affinity (KD ¼ 10–50 nM) (Braisted and Wells, 1996). The helices ...
... The Z domain is an engineered B domain from staphylococcal Protein A (Nilsson et al., 1987). It consists of an antiparallel three-helix bundle containing 58 amino acid residues that selectively binds to the Fc portion of IgGs with high affinity (KD ¼ 10–50 nM) (Braisted and Wells, 1996). The helices ...
Supplemental Table 3
... bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid [goid 8233] [evidence IEA]; Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two meta ...
... bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid [goid 8233] [evidence IEA]; Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two meta ...
Quantitative Analysis of the Kinetics of End
... All three methods provide reasonably consistent results, but only the last is suf®ciently accurate to determine rate constants. The most convenient method is to monitor declines in the DNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis of RecA protein using the coupled spectrophotometric assay. Although indirect, the met ...
... All three methods provide reasonably consistent results, but only the last is suf®ciently accurate to determine rate constants. The most convenient method is to monitor declines in the DNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis of RecA protein using the coupled spectrophotometric assay. Although indirect, the met ...
Metabolism of acyl‐lipids in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
... et al., 1988). Chlamydomonas FA compositions share features typical of higher plants such as Arabidopsis, in that essentially all FA esterified to the polar glycerolipids are of 16 or 18 carbons. With the exception of a significant amount of palmitic acid (16:0) esterified in the sn-2 position of th ...
... et al., 1988). Chlamydomonas FA compositions share features typical of higher plants such as Arabidopsis, in that essentially all FA esterified to the polar glycerolipids are of 16 or 18 carbons. With the exception of a significant amount of palmitic acid (16:0) esterified in the sn-2 position of th ...
Desert hedgehog is a mammal-specific gene expressed during testicular and ovarian
... humans but is not present in the avian lineage. Like other hedgehog proteins, DHH signals through the patched (PTCH) receptors 1 and 2. Here we examine the expression and protein distribution of DHH, PTCH1 and PTCH2 in the developing testes of a marsupial mammal (the tammar wallaby) to determine whe ...
... humans but is not present in the avian lineage. Like other hedgehog proteins, DHH signals through the patched (PTCH) receptors 1 and 2. Here we examine the expression and protein distribution of DHH, PTCH1 and PTCH2 in the developing testes of a marsupial mammal (the tammar wallaby) to determine whe ...
Purification and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Fractions from the
... fraction, S I . D 1. (identical with fraction D 1,S 1 prepared by a slightly different method; Fig. l), was found to be weakly bound to this column in dilute buffers, whereas most other material was strongly adsorbed. For subsequent large-scale separations, it was more convenient to carry out the fi ...
... fraction, S I . D 1. (identical with fraction D 1,S 1 prepared by a slightly different method; Fig. l), was found to be weakly bound to this column in dilute buffers, whereas most other material was strongly adsorbed. For subsequent large-scale separations, it was more convenient to carry out the fi ...
Desert hedgehogis a mammal-specific gene expressed during
... humans but is not present in the avian lineage. Like other hedgehog proteins, DHH signals through the patched (PTCH) receptors 1 and 2. Here we examine the expression and protein distribution of DHH, PTCH1 and PTCH2 in the developing testes of a marsupial mammal (the tammar wallaby) to determine whe ...
... humans but is not present in the avian lineage. Like other hedgehog proteins, DHH signals through the patched (PTCH) receptors 1 and 2. Here we examine the expression and protein distribution of DHH, PTCH1 and PTCH2 in the developing testes of a marsupial mammal (the tammar wallaby) to determine whe ...
CO2 and O2 Distribution in Rubisco Suggests the
... region around the active site opening that extends to the closest neighboring small subunits. Taken together, these results suggest the small subunit may function as a “reservoir” for CO2 storage. ...
... region around the active site opening that extends to the closest neighboring small subunits. Taken together, these results suggest the small subunit may function as a “reservoir” for CO2 storage. ...
The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: Function
... Oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria coupled to oxidative phosphorylation is the most important pathway for the production of metabolic energy during fasting. This process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix where the enzymes of fatty acid b-oxidation are located. Fatty acyl groups are transporte ...
... Oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria coupled to oxidative phosphorylation is the most important pathway for the production of metabolic energy during fasting. This process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix where the enzymes of fatty acid b-oxidation are located. Fatty acyl groups are transporte ...
Sun J, Ke J, Johnson JL, Nikolau BJ, Wurtele ES
... expressed GST-CAC2 fusion protein was used to generate antiserum (Fig. 2A). The resulting antiserum was used on western blots to identify the CAC2 protein in Arabidopsis leaf extracts (Fig. 2B). This anti-GST-CAC2 serum, but not the control preimmune serum, reacted solely with a 51-kD polypeptide, w ...
... expressed GST-CAC2 fusion protein was used to generate antiserum (Fig. 2A). The resulting antiserum was used on western blots to identify the CAC2 protein in Arabidopsis leaf extracts (Fig. 2B). This anti-GST-CAC2 serum, but not the control preimmune serum, reacted solely with a 51-kD polypeptide, w ...
Amendment Determination 2007
... has not previously been issued with an authority prescription for this medicinal preparation for this purpose Proven chronic lactose intolerance in children aged 1 year and over who are significantly malnourished, where the date of birth of the patient is included in the authority application, and w ...
... has not previously been issued with an authority prescription for this medicinal preparation for this purpose Proven chronic lactose intolerance in children aged 1 year and over who are significantly malnourished, where the date of birth of the patient is included in the authority application, and w ...
Enzyme Catalysis - faculty at Chemeketa
... • Urease has no effect on other compounds. • Such absolute specificity is rather rare among enzymes. ...
... • Urease has no effect on other compounds. • Such absolute specificity is rather rare among enzymes. ...
Cardiac troponin I gene knockout - University of Wisconsin–Madison
... on cardiac muscle filaments. One protein subunit of this regulatory complex is troponin I (TnI), a 24-kDa phosphoprotein thought to play a central role in communicating calcium binding to activation of the actin filament.1–3 Understanding TnI function in the heart is important, because TnI may be mo ...
... on cardiac muscle filaments. One protein subunit of this regulatory complex is troponin I (TnI), a 24-kDa phosphoprotein thought to play a central role in communicating calcium binding to activation of the actin filament.1–3 Understanding TnI function in the heart is important, because TnI may be mo ...
Novel control of lactate dehydrogenase from the freeze
... a crucial role both in sustaining glycolytic ATP production under oxygen-limiting conditions and in facilitating the catabolism of accumulated lactate when stress conditions are relieved. In this study, the effects on LDH of in vivo freezing and dehydration stresses (both of which impose hypoxia/ano ...
... a crucial role both in sustaining glycolytic ATP production under oxygen-limiting conditions and in facilitating the catabolism of accumulated lactate when stress conditions are relieved. In this study, the effects on LDH of in vivo freezing and dehydration stresses (both of which impose hypoxia/ano ...
Retention of the Cis Proline Conformation in Tripeptide Fragments of
... obscures the conformational folding process and prevents meaningful interpretation. In some cases, it has been possible to eliminate the isomerization problem through experiments in which the protein is rapidly unfolded, and refolding is initiated before the X-Pro peptide groups have had time to iso ...
... obscures the conformational folding process and prevents meaningful interpretation. In some cases, it has been possible to eliminate the isomerization problem through experiments in which the protein is rapidly unfolded, and refolding is initiated before the X-Pro peptide groups have had time to iso ...
Quality control in tRNA charging — editing of homocysteine
... Recent data suggest that the accuracy of tRNA aminoacylation in vivo is considerably lower than expected from in vitro studies. For example, in mammalian cells about 1 % of Met residues used in protein synthesis are attached by MetRS to tRNAs other than tRNAMet (Netzer et al., 2009). Furthermore, le ...
... Recent data suggest that the accuracy of tRNA aminoacylation in vivo is considerably lower than expected from in vitro studies. For example, in mammalian cells about 1 % of Met residues used in protein synthesis are attached by MetRS to tRNAs other than tRNAMet (Netzer et al., 2009). Furthermore, le ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Nitrite is a component of the biological nitrogen cycle which is provided by nitrate reduction or by ammonia oxidation in biological habitats (Fig. 1). Reduction of nitrite can be regarded as an assimilatory, respiratory or dissimilatory process [1]. Assimilatory nitrite reduction serves in the prod ...
... Nitrite is a component of the biological nitrogen cycle which is provided by nitrate reduction or by ammonia oxidation in biological habitats (Fig. 1). Reduction of nitrite can be regarded as an assimilatory, respiratory or dissimilatory process [1]. Assimilatory nitrite reduction serves in the prod ...
Western blot
The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies.There are many reagent companies that specialize in providing antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies) against tens of thousands of different proteins. Commercial antibodies can be expensive, although the unbound antibody can be reused between experiments. This method is used in the fields of molecular biology, immunogenetics and other molecular biology disciplines. A number of search engines, such as CiteAb, Antibodypedia, and SeekProducts, are available that can help researchers find suitable antibodies for use in western blotting.Other related techniques include dot blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The method originated in the laboratory of Harry Towbin at the Friedrich Miescher Institute. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern. Detection of RNA is termed northern blot and was developed by George Stark at Stanford.