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AP U.S. History
Women Study Guide Chapter 16: Flappers, Sex Objects, and Birth Control
Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Emma Goldman
“New Women”
Flappers
Margaret Sanger
Mrs. Sadie Sacks
Havelock Ellis
Doctors- Bocker and Stone/The Clinical Research Bureau
Sigmund Freud
Directions: Answer in complete sentences.
1. How did the young women who came of age in the 1910’s and 1920’s differ from their
Victorian mothers? Explain.
2. Why was Emma Goldman a critic of woman professionals?
3. Where did Goldman believe true emancipation for a woman began? How would women
have to view sex to achieve this?
4. How did Goldman view marriage? Describe her dilemma in choosing not to have a child.
5. What did young people of the 1920’s seek to achieve with regards to sex and sexual
behavior?
6. What was the most significant change in attitude toward female sexuality?
7. According to Frederick Lewis Allen, how much make-up (cosmetics) did the average
American woman buy in 1929?
8. Why were Goldman’s lectures (before WWI) about birth control extremely important? Explain
9. How many women are believed to have had abortions before 1973?
10. What happened to Goldman after her first public demonstration of contraceptives?
11. What right did Margaret Sanger believe was needed in order to educate women on birth
control?
12. What happened to Sanger and her sister when they established a clinic in NYC in 1917?
13. How did they eventually win the right to dispense diaphragms and to whom?
14. When was the import ban on contraceptives lifted by Congress?
15. For all of her successes however, what did Margaret Sanger and other leaders remain
insensitive to?
16. What did sociologist Lee Rainwater learn about the attitudes of working class women and
middle class women towards birth control?
17. How did doctors add to the established confusion about birth control? Explain.
18. What conflicts for women were created by misguided Freudian thinking about female
sexuality? Explain.