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T A S M A N I A N Q U A L I F I C A T I O N S Electronics - Foundation A U T H O R I T Y TQA Level 2, Size Value = 15 THE COURSE DOCUMENT This document contains the following sections: THE COURSE DOCUMENT ......................................................................................................................................... 1 RATIONALE .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 COURSE SIZE AND COMPLEXITY .............................................................................................................................. 1 COURSE DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................................. 2 PATHWAYS .................................................................................................................................................................. 2 RESOURCES ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 COURSE DELIVERY .................................................................................................................................................... 2 LEARNING OUTCOMES .............................................................................................................................................. 2 COURSE STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................................................ 3 CORE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE .............................................................................................................................. 3 CONTENT MODULES .................................................................................................................................................. 3 COURSE CONTENT ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................................................................. 7 AWARD REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 13 COURSE EVALUATION ............................................................................................................................................. 13 COURSE DEVELOPER .............................................................................................................................................. 14 ACCREDITATION ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 VERSION HISTORY ................................................................................................................................................... 14 RATIONALE Electronics – Foundation introduces students to the basic concepts of electricity and circuits and the skills needed to construct small projects. Students are encouraged to experiment with circuits and components in a structured manner, building up a library of knowledge about electronic circuits that perform different functions. Students use a range of testing and prototyping techniques to build and test circuits, culminating in building small circuits from existing designs. COURSE SIZE AND COMPLEXITY This course has a complexity level of TQA level 2. © Copyright for part(s) of this document may be held by individuals or organisations other than the TQA Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 2 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION At TQA level 2 the student is expected to carry out tasks and activities that involve a range of knowledge and skills, including some basic theoretical and/or technical knowledge and skills. Limited judgement is required, such as making an appropriate selection from a range of given rules, guidelines or procedures. VET competencies at TQA level 2 are often those characteristic of an AQF Certificate II. The course has a size value of 15. COURSE DESCRIPTION Electronics – Foundation is designed for students who have an interest in understanding the basics of electrical and electronics circuits and building projects that can be used in daily applications. It is the study of how different electronic components can be connected to perform a task. It looks at how information can be entered into, passed between, processed, and interpreted from electronic circuits. Transistor circuits are extensively investigated, showing how they can be used for switching, control and as an amplifier. Combinations of practical and theoretical activities are provided to assist in learning. The emphasis of this course is practical skills in which students are encouraged to build circuits and projects from existing designs and understand the basic function of the parts that they are made up from. The course aims to provide students with some basic knowledge and skills in electronics design and construction. PATHWAYS Electronics – Foundation TQA 2 provides a foundation for this course. VET Certificate II in Electrotechnology also provides some related foundation knowledge and skills. The course will also provide a pathway for secondary learners who have studied the Australian Curriculum - Technologies context of engineering principles and systems up to Year 8 or those who have continued their studies as an elective in this context in Years 9 and 10. Electronics may lead to further studies at tertiary level, with courses such as Bachelor of Engineering, Bachelor of Science, or related technical trades. RESOURCES Access to equipment such as multimeters, oscilloscopes, bread boards, DC power supplies, and circuit board manufacturing processes is necessary for this course. Access to signal generators and computers with circuit design software, while not necessary, is desirable. It is recommended students undertaking this course be able to use mathematical formula and workshop equipment. COURSE DELIVERY It is recommended that the course content is presented in a primarily practical format with su pporting worksheets to develop knowledge. There will be an emphasis on experimentation and analysis of circuits that are presented to students. Bread boarding interesting or useful circuits for each module is recommended, with at least one compulsory construction project. Additional work can be chosen by the student; either in the form of another construction project, or additional worksheets on material not already covered. Construction projects should be made using permanent Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) , manufactured by the student and housed appropriately. A report detailing the design, construction and operation of a project should be included for assessment. LEARNING OUTCOMES On successful completion of this course, learners will have knowledge and s kills to: Recall basic information about electronics Select appropriate equipment, and plan and organise to complete set experiments and projects Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: 3 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION TQA2 Identify and name basic electronics circuit components from diagrams and their physical counterparts Experiment with a range of components including transistors and capacitors Understand the operation of simple circuits and their components through theory and experiments Model circuits using mathematical and analytical skills and techniques Create circuits and electronic projects from existing designs using a range of workshop skills Research and report on electronics concepts and ideas, and communicate this through a range of media Identify and correct faults in circuits using a range of skills and circuit testing equipment COURSE STRUCTURE CORE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE CONTENT MODULES Basic Electricity and Circuits Transistors as Switches Transistors for Timing and Control Applied to project Simple circuit construction skills Applied to modules Safety Construction Project Transistors as Amplifiers Essential electronics knowledge Radio Optional modules It is recommended that the practical work account for approximately 75% of the time allocated, with the remaining 25% dedicated to researching, recording and re porting. Practical work may include: - Experiments Building circuits on breadboard or PCB Projects Written work may include: - Assignments Analysis of experiments Assessment questions Tests The course consists of 5 content modules and a construction project: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Basic Electricity and Circuits Transistors as Switches Transistors for Timing and Control Transistors as Amplifiers Radio Students need to undertake study in ALL modules and one construction project. In addition to this, students need to complete either an additional construction project, or an optional unit of study on a circuit type of their choice or from a select range given by the teacher. Construction projects must have a report detailing the construction and operation of the circuit buil t, including a research element. Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 4 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION It is recommended that the first construction project not be attem pted until module 1 is complete, and that the modules are taught in the sequence listed above. COURSE CONTENT CORE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE SAFETY Although all constructions and experiments in this course operate at completely safe voltages, learners may feel that what they learn gives them competence to investigate other electrical equipment of their own accord. This should be strongly discouraged by explaining the potential dangers of high voltages, where such voltages occur and how to deal with emergencies involving electric shock. In addition to this, other hazards that arise in the workshop are identified, and where applicable, learners will report on potential hazards from using equipment and chemicals and describe ways that harm from these can be eliminated or minimised. Note: any project using or developing voltages in excess of 32V must be inspected and approved in writing as safe by a qualified and accredited person in accordance with appropriate Australian Standards. All projects need to conform to government and statutory regulations and guidelines including occupational health and safety requirements. SIMPLE CIRCUIT CONSTRUCTION SKILLS Selecting, testing, measuring and calculating is to be incorporated into each module and, at the end of the course, learners will have encompassed: Continuity testing Bread boarding PCB manufacturing Measurement and calculation of current, voltage, resistance, power, voltage gain Uses of cathode ray oscilloscopes for displaying and measuring waveforms Uses of signal generators, injectors and other waveform sources (e.g. microphones, antennas). ESSENTIAL ELECTRONICS KNOWLEDGE The following are relevant and basic to most aspects of the course. They must be encountered and applied frequently: Safe working practices Standard symbols, SI units and prefixes Communication in all forms Uses of block diagrams Identification, and orientation of components Measuring, recording, discussing, researching and reviewing Electronic systems in homes and industries: what they are, who designs, uses, operates, services and sells them Uses of computer applications for simulation and drawing circuits and design of printed circuit boards. In addition, the following is to be revised, demonstrated or introduced within the modules: AC and DC sources Voltage or current control in power supplies. Series, parallel and series/parallel resistive networks: Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: 5 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION TQA2 Power dissipation, effects of voltage or current changes, P = IV, P = I 2R, P = V 2/R, power ratings. Difference between analogue and digital signals Uses of Integrated Circuits in circuit design Magnets, magnetic materials, attraction, repulsion Fields around loops and coils carrying a current; Uses of electromagnets in tape recorder heads, dynamic speakers and earphones CONTENT MODULES Circuits must be built and tested that cover each dot point in each module. Note: some circuits may cover more than one dot point. Module 1: Basic electricity and circuits (S UGGESTED 15% OF DELIVERY TIME ) This module introduces learners to the fundamentals of electricity and circuits , including the following: Voltage, current, resistance and power Ohm’s law Series and parallel circuits Resistors, capacitors Resistor colour code Continuity Switches Semiconductors – LEDS, transistors. Suggested Circuits and Activities: - Destructive testing of resistors (overheating) - Switch an LED on/off - Compare current to voltage in a resistor using graphs - Measure and compare how resistors in series and parallel affect voltage and current Module 2: Transistors as switches (S UGGESTED 15% OF DELIVERY TIME ) This module introduces learners to transistors as an active component capable of switching between conductive and non-conductive states. Concepts covered include the following: Uses of transistors to switch current in a circuit Voltage/potential dividers. Concept of transistor as a switch controlled by a voltage Suggested Circuits and Activities: - Compare collector current to base voltage and resistance - Switch an LED using light or heat sensors - Touch switch using a Darlington pair Module 3: Transistors for Timing and Control (S UGGESTED 15% OF DELIVERY TIME ) This module introduces learners to using a range of components to control a transistor, including th e following concepts: Capacitor voltage and current, leakage Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 6 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION Capacitor charging, time constant RC (Resistor Capacitor) delay circuits using transistors Light or temperature sensing circuits using transistors Suggested Circuits and Activities: - Delay to turn an LED on/off - Give numerical indication of light level or temperature - Transistor astable circuit Module 4: Transistors as amplifiers (S UGGESTED 15% OF DELIVERY TIME ) This module introduces learners to simple amplifier circuits. The following concepts ar e covered: Voltage gain, current gain, inverting of signals Transistor linear region Waves, amplitude, frequency Bias voltage, coupling capacitors Clipping, distortion of output signal Multi-stage amplifiers Suggested Circuits and Activities: - Single transistor amplifier, measure voltage gain - Two-stage transistor amplifier - Use CRO to show clipping/distortion Module 5: Radio (S UGGESTED 10% OF DELIVERY TIME ) This module introduces learners to radio circuits, including: Resonance, tuneable resonant circuits Frequency selective networks, passive filters Amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) signals Waves, calculation of wavelength of radio frequencies Suggested Circuits and Activities: - Simple AM receiver circuit - Simple FM transmitter circuit CONSTRUCTION PROJECT (S UGGESTED 15% OF DELIVERY TIME ) The learner is to complete at least one construction project. The project may be from an existing design, or one they have modified. A report detailing how the circuit was made, identifying hazards and l isting injury prevention measures, and a basic description of how the circuit works is to be included for assessment. The project is to have a PCB manufactured and components soldered on by the learner, and it is to be housed and labelled appropriately. Skills and knowledge applicable to projects: Use of computer software for designing, testing and building circuits Use of block diagrams to design, and describe operation of circuits Use of PCB manufacturing technology to produce a circuit Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: 7 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION TQA2 Safe use of workshop equipment Suggested Projects: - Coin flipper (randomly selects between 2 LED’s) - Continuity tester - Audio amplifier - Crossover network for speakers - Tachometer for car - Alcohol breath tester OPTIONAL MODULES (S UGGESTED 15% OF DELIVERY TIME ) Upon completion of the compulsory work outlined above, the student must choose to undertake either an additional project, or study an appropriate circuit type of their choosing, or one of the following topics. Power supplies Digital logic circuits 555 timer circuits Microcontrollers The work should accompany a suitable project. See relevant section of TQA 3 Electronics course document for suggested content. ASSESSMENT Assessment should be from a combination of practical and written activities. A combination of students’ analysis and evaluation of experiments, documenting the construction and operation of a project built by the student, and recall and research of ideas and information, over a wide range of activities and topics will give a comprehensive assessment of the standard of student achievement. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCESSES The following processes will be facilitated by the TQA to ensure there is: a match between the standards for achievement specified in the course and the standards demonstrated by students community confidence in the integrity and meaning of the qualification. [The TQA will insert the relevant text here, selecting the type of quality assurance method best suited to the nature of the course] ASSESSMENT CRITERIA The assessment for Electronics – Foundation will be based on the degree to which the learner can: 1. Use and apply skills for using equipment, experimenting and building circuits in the laboratory and workshop Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 8 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION 2. Communicate information in a variety of forms 3. Plan and organise to complete activities 4. Recognise, identify and apply knowledge about electronic components and circuits 5. Explain the function and operation of components and circuits 6. Gather data and research information 7. Use and apply knowledge of basic mathematical concepts in electronics STANDARDS CRITERION 1: USE AND APPLY SKILLS FOR USING EQUIPMENT, EXPERIMENTING AND BUILDING CIRCUITS IN THE LABORATORY AND WORKSHOP Rating ‘C’ A learner: Rating ‘B’ A learner: Rating ‘A’ A learner: identifies and uses equipment and technologies to measure, test, experiment with, and build basic circuits in a given context selects and uses appropriate equipment and technologies to measure, test, and build identified circuits with limited experimentation selects and uses appropriate equipment and technologies to measure, test, and build identified circuits with some experimentation identifies hazards, and complies with health and safety procedures including using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) identifies hazards, and determines and applies health and safety procedures, including using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) identifies hazards, and determines and responsibly applies health and safety procedures, including using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) recognises faults in basic circuits identifies faults and undertake a given procedure to locate them identifies faults and undertake some test procedures to attempt to locate them Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: 9 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION TQA2 CRITERION 2: COMMUNICATE INFORMATION IN A VARIETY OF FORMS Rating ‘C’ The learner: Rating ‘B’ The learner: uses given methods, styles and devices to communicate ideas and information appropriately with some uses of graphical, symbolic and textual formats Rating ‘A’ The learner: uses a variety of methods, styles and devices to communicate ideas and information appropriately in graphical, symbolic and textual formats selects and uses a range of appropriate methods, styles and devices to communicate ideas and information appropriately in graphical, symbolic and textual formats applies literacy skills to communicate basic ideas and information applies appropriate literacy skills to communicate ideas and information collects data or information and presents this in appropriate formats (e.g. tables, graphs, short paragraphs of text) collects appropriate data or information and presents this in appropriate formats (e.g. tables, graphs, short paragraphs of text) adjusts communication to different conditions adjusts communication to specific contexts and changing conditions adjusts communication to suit specific context and changing conditions uses a limited range of technologies to communicate ideas and information. uses a range of appropriate technologies to communicate ideas and information. uses a wide range of appropriate technologies to communicate ideas and information. uses referencing/citation methods as directed. uses some appropriate referencing/citation methods. Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 applies appropriate literacy skills to clearly communicate ideas and information collects a broad range of appropriate data or information and presents this in appropriate formats (e.g. tables, graphs, short paragraphs of text) uses appropriate referencing/citation methods. Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 10 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION CRITERION 3: PLAN AND ORGANISE TO COMPLETE ACTIVITIES Rating ‘C’ A learner: identifies time, materials and equipment needed during a task Rating ‘B’ A learner: Rating ‘A’ A learner: identifies time materials and equipment needed to complete a task, and devise a basic plan for completion identifies time, materials and [ equipment needed to complete a task, and devise a plan for completion sets deadlines to complete tasks sets personal targets and deadlines to achieving goals and completing tasks completes the majority of activities and their elements within a given time frame completes some activities and some of the required elements of task within a given time frame completes most activities and their elements within a given time frame maintains task focus for limited periods of time maintains task focus for agreed periods of time maintains task focus sets goals for each lesson which are generally measurable, achievable and realistic, and follows given plans/directions sets goals spanning one to several lessons which are measurable, achievable and realistic, and plans accordingly sets short-, medium- and longterm goals which are measurable, achievable and realistic, and plans effective actions reflects – orally and/or in writing – on progress towards meeting goals in a constructive manner reflects – orally and/or in writing – on progress towards meeting goals and articulates ways in which goals can be met in the future reflects – orally and/or in writing – on progress towards meeting goals, evaluates progress and plans future actions uses strategies as directed to perform tasks within established timelines. selects and uses strategies to perform tasks within established timelines. considers, selects and uses strategies to manage and complete activities within established timelines. Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: 11 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION TQA2 CRITERION 4: RECOGNISE, IDENTIFY AND APPLY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS Rating ‘C’ A learner: Rating ‘B’ A learner: Rating ‘A’ A learner: identifies the features of electricity and electrical systems describes the principles of electricity and electrical systems explains the principles of electricity and electrical systems recalls the name and function of basic circuits and their functional parts in a given context recalls and identifies information about the range of introductory of circuits studied and their functional parts accurately and reliably [ recalls and identifies information about the range of introductory of circuits studied and their functional parts identifies common components by name and where applicable, their type from circuit diagrams, symbols and packages identifies components by name and where applicable, their type from circuit diagrams, symbols and packages and likely uses of key components recalls and uses names, symbols, and states likely uses of key components applies information relating to measurements and formulas in a given context recalls and applies most information relating to the range of circuits and principles studied, including measurements and units, codes and formulas accurately recalls and applies information relating to the range of circuits and principles studied, including measurements and units, codes and formulas follows instructions to make changes to circuits and reports changes made from observations makes changes to circuits, and describes the effects of changes made from observations and experiments makes changes to circuits, and accurately describes the effects of changes made from observations and experiments Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 12 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION CRITERION 5: EXPLAINS THE FUNCTION AND OPERATION OF COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS Rating ‘C’ A learner: Rating ‘B’ A learner: Rating ‘A’ A learner: describes the operation of circuits containing transistors, resistive networks and capacitors Describes the function and properties of transistors, resistive networks, and capacitors explains the function and [ properties of transistors, resistive networks, and capacitors comprehends physical properties or the state of circuits predicts the physical properties or the state of circuits models and predicts the physical properties or the state of circuits identifies circuits with similar functions to those studied creates new circuits to perform a function similar to circuits studied. creates new circuits to perform a function similar to circuits studied and apply simple modifications where appropriate CRITERION 6: GATHER DATA AND RESEARCH INFORMATION Rating ‘C’ The learner: Rating ‘B’ The learner: Rating ‘A’ The learner: collects data to test circuits and performs experiments using specified techniques in collecting and recording data identifies the types of data required to test a circuit and performs experiments using specified techniques in collecting and recording data accurately identifies the types of data required to test a circuit and performs experiments using appropriate techniques in collecting and recording data outlines the basic principles of the design process in electronics describes the basic principles of the design process in electronics describes and explains the principles of the design process in electronics carries out a basic inquiry/research tasks as directed. constructs and conducts basic inquiry/research tasks. Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 plans, constructs and conducts basic inquiry/research tasks. Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: 13 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION TQA2 CRITERION 7: USE KNOW LEDGE OF BASIC MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS IN ELECTRONICS Rating ‘C’ A learner: Rating ‘B’ A learner: Rating ‘A’ A learner: follows instructions to uses mathematical formula to model or predict the behaviour of a circuit in a given context uses appropriate mathematical concepts and techniques to model or predict the behaviour of a circuit performs calculations to evaluate formula reliably calculates component values or physical quantities using identified mathematical formula reliably calculates component values or physical quantities using appropriate mathematical formula, including correct usage of units reads and uses information from graphs and tables uses and creates identified mathematical tools to gather or display information uses and creates a range of graphs, tables and other mathematical tools to gather or display information selects, uses and [ applies appropriate mathematical concepts and techniques to model or predict the behaviour of a circuit QUALIFICATIONS AVAILABLE Electronics - Foundation (with the award of): EXCEPTIONAL ACHIEVEMENT HIGH ACHIEVEMENT COMMENDABLE ACHIEVEMENT SATISFACTORY ACHIEVEMENT PRELIMINARY ACHIEVEMENT AWARD REQUIREMENTS The final award will be determined by the Tasmanian Qualifications Authority from the 7 ratings. The minimum requirements for an award in Electronics – Foundation are as follows: COURSE EVALUATION Courses are accredited for a specific period of time (up to five years) and they are evaluated in the year prior to the expiry of accreditation. As well, anyone may request a review of a particular aspect of an accredited course throughout the period of accreditation. Such requests for amendment will be considered in terms of the likely improvements to the outcomes for students and the possible consequences for delivery of the course. The TQA can evaluate the need and appropriateness of an accredited course at any point throughout the period of accreditation. Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXX Date of Publication: 14 ELECTRONICS - FOUNDATION COURSE DEVELOPER The TQA acknowledges the significant leadership of Charles Prevost in the development of this course. ACCREDITATION The accreditation period for this course is from xxx to xxxxx VERSION HISTORY [Say here if this course is a direct replacement of any existing co urse. The TQA will give the document a version number/date] Tasmanian Qualifications Authority Version 1 Period of Accreditation: XXXXX Date of Publication: