Download Chapter_10 and 11.4 Review Sheet

Practice Questions
Cell Reproduction
Name:________________________
Part I. Cell cycle. Name the phase of the cell cycle in which each event occurs (interphase,
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, G1, S, or G2).
1. Part of interphase in which DNA replication occurs. _________________
2. The chromatin shortens and thickens to become visible as chromosomes.
__________________
3. The centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell. ________________
4. The nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear. __________________
5. Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cell.
__________________
6. Part of interphase in which the cell performs most of its growth and activity.
___________________
7. The cell spends the majority of its life in this phase of the cell cycle. __________________
8. The spindle fibers form. ___________________
9. The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell. ___________________
10. The nuclear membrane reappears. _________________
11. The chromatids turn back into chromatin. __________________
12. The cell membrane pinches in to divide the cell into two new cells. ____________________
Part II. Fill in the blank. Complete each sentence below with the word(s) that fit.
13. The sex cells are known as ____________, or ______ and ________.
14. The sex cells are produced during a process called ______________, in which cells with half
the number of chromosomes as the original cell are produced.
15. The male sex cell is known as ____________, and the female sex cell is known as a(n)
___________.
16. Before cell division can occur, the DNA must copy itself in a process known as
__________________________.
17. The ________________ are cell structures seen in animal mitosis but not in plant mitosis.
18. Females have two X chromosomes. Males have an X and a Y chromosome. These are
known as the __________ chromosomes since they determine gender.
19. A ________________ is a photograph of the chromosomes taken during cell division. It can
be used to determine the gender of a baby, and whether the child has certain genetic
disorders.
20. In the nucleus DNA is in the form of ______________ during interphase, which resembles
long threads or fibers.
21. In telophase in plants, the ________ ___________ forms to divide the cell.
22. In animal cells, the __________ ___________ pinches in to divide the cell during telophase.
23. After replication and during prophase the DNA condenses to form ___________________.
24. Two reasons why cells in your body divide are for ____________________ and
____________________.
25. Mitosis makes __________ diploid cells and meiosis makes up to ______ haploid cells.
26. Cells with two copies of each chromosome are referred to as (haploid/diploid).
27. Cells with one copy of each chromosome are referred to as (haploid/diploid).
28. Bacteria cells divide through a process called _______________ ______________, which
occurs without the use of spindle fibers or centrioles.
29. Mitosis makes cells with (the same/half/double) the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
30. Meiosis makes cells with (the same/half/double) the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
31. ___________________ chromosomes have the same genes at the same locations.
32. The chromosomes mentioned in 31 come from your ______________ and your
____________.
33. _____________ _________________ of a duplicated chromosome are held together in the
middle by a constricted area called a ____________________.
Part III. Meiosis vs. Mitosis. For each statement below, identify whether it refers to mitosis or
meiosis.
34. Occurs in body cells, such as skin or bones.
35. Occurs in sex cells.
36. Makes eggs or sperm.
37. Makes haploid cells.
38. Makes diploid cells.
39. Produces cells that are genetically identical to the parent.
40. Produces cells that are genetically different from the parent.
41. Produces 2 cells.
42. Produces up to 4 cells.
Part IV. Asexual vs. sexual reproduction. Identify whether each statement below refers to
sexual or asexual reproduction.
43. Involves 2 parents.
44. Produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
45. Produces offspring that are different from the parent.
46. Examples include processes such as binary fission in bacteria, or budding in yeast.
47. Involves the union of sex cells – eggs and sperm.
48. Involves only 1 parent.
Part V. Karyotype. Examine the karyotype below, read the information below, and answer the
questions that follow.
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Turner syndrome – A girl has a missing X chromosome
Klinefelter syndrome – A boy has an extra X chromosome
Down Syndrome – A child has an extra chromosome 21
Edward’s syndrome – A child has an extra chromosome 19
a. Is the baby a boy or a girl? How do you know?
b. Will the baby have any of the syndromes listed above? Which one, and how do you
know?
Part VI. Meiosis questions.
What type of chromosomes are lined up on the equator of the cell during metaphase of meiosis I?
What is the total number of chromosomes in each of the two resulting cells from Meiosis I if the
parent cell has 12 to start?
What is crossing over?
How does crossing over contribute to genetic variability?
What other way is genetic variability created in Metaphase of meiosis I?
What is being pulled apart in anaphase of meiosis II?
How many cells result from meiosis II?