Download Name: Section 1.1 and 1.2 Summary What are groups and how

Name:
Section 1.1 and 1.2 Summary
1. What are groups and how many are there? Columns and there are 18
2. What are periods and how many are there? Rows and there are 7
3. What is unique about Noble gases?
Noble gases do not form bonds because they have a full outer shell
What group on the periodic table are they in?
Group 18
4. What are the three particles in an atom, their charge, and location:
Particle
Charge
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Positive
Neutral
Negative
Location (in the nucleus or not)
Nucleus
Nucleus
Outside of nucleus
5. Fill in the chart below.
Element
Sodium
Silicon
Calcium
Nitrogen
Argon
Electrons
11
14
20
7
18
Neutrons
12
14
20
7
22
6. How many electrons can the:
1st level hold: 2
2nd level hold: 8
3rd level hold: 8
7. What is a valence electron?
Electrons in the outermost ring (could be any level)
Protons
11
14
20
7
18
Valence electrons
1
4
2
5
8
8. How many valence electrons do the following groups have:
Group #1: 1
Group #15: 5
Group #2: 2
Group #16: 6
Group #13: 3
Group #17: 7
Group #14: 4
Group #18 8 (except helium)
9. Why are atoms neutral? Number of protons is equal to the number of electrons
10. What is an ion? A charged atom (one that has lost or gained electrons)
11. What is a cation? What elements form these type of ion?
Positive ion that has lost electrons…metals become cations (hydrogen too)
12. What is an anion? What elements form these type of ion?
Negative ion that has gained electrons…nonmetals form anions
13. How do you name cations?
Element name and then the word ion
List an example: gold ion, aluminum ion, barium ion
14. How do you name anions? Change the ending to ide
List an example: chloride ion, fluoride ion, oxide ion, nitride ion
15. Most elements that are in the same group (column) on the periodic table have the same number of
valence electrons as the other elements in that same group. Explain how groups on the periodic table
help you determine the charge of the ion.
Element

Group numbers tell you the number of valence electrons

Then you know how many electrons the atom will lose or gain

Finally, you can determine the charge based on how many electrons the atom will
lose or gain (p – e = charge)
Model of Atom
Model of Ion
16. Beryllium
Symbol and charge:
17. Oxygen
Symbol and charge:
Symbol and charge:
18.
Magnesium
19. Chlorine
Symbol and charge: