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SNC 1D How Do the Number of Chromosomes in Body Cells and Sex Cells Compare? Name: ___________ Date: ___________ Think About It What do peas, tomatoes, rabbits, chickens and crayfish have in common? What do they have in common with you? You might think that you have nothing in common with these organisms. This activity will show you that you do share certain common characteristics, even with a pea. 1. Based on the notes you have done in class about body cells and sex cells, mitosis and meiosis, fill in the following table. Cell Chart Organism Number of Body Cell Number of Egg Number of Sperm Chromosomes Chromosomes Chromosomes human 46 23 23 pea 14 7 7 tomato 24 corn 10 rabbit 22 chicken 78 mouse 20 crayfish 100 2. Fill in the blanks in the following statements. There is a major difference between the number of chromosomes contained in a body cell and in a sex cell. Every cell of your body has the same number of chromosomes EXCEPT the ___________________. These cells have exactly ________ the number of chromosomes as a body cell. 3. The muscle cells in a housefly’s leg are found to contain 24 chromosomes. If each of the following cell types came from a housefly, how many chromosomes would each contain? a) sperm cell ________ b) body cell ________ c) egg cell ________ d) eye cell ________ 4. Fill in the blanks… In the spaces provided, write the word or phrase from the list provided that best completes each sentence. List words may be used more than once. List Words: mitosis, body cells, sperm, chromosomes, sex cells, eggs a) Organisms produce _____________________ using mitosis. b) The main job of __________________ is to join together to produce a new organism. c) In humans, _________________ have 46 chromosomes. d) Se cells are the only cells that are not produced by ________________ . e) The __________ are the female sex cells. f) The __________ are the male sex cells. g) _____________________ contain the instructions that tell a cell how to develop. 5. The eggs of basset hounds contain 39 chromosomes. a) How many chromosomes are in basset hound body cells? __________ b) How many chromosomes are in the sperm of a collie? ____________ 6. A goldfish has 94 chromosomes in each of its body cells, a human has 46, and a guinea pig has 64. What does this suggest about the complexity of an organism and the number of chromosomes it may have? 7. Write a statement stating the relationship between the numbers of chromosomes in body cells compared to sex cells. General Review of Terms Relating to Mitosis and Meiosis 8. Match each of the following terms with its definition(s). If a definition is given more than one blank it means there is more than one term that can fit. Term Definition a) sex cell ___ ovaries and testes; where sex cells are made b) gamete ___ ___ sperm cells and egg cells c) zygote ___ means the cell contains ½ as many chromosomes as a body cell d) mitosis ___ means the cells contains twice as many chromosomes as a sex cell e) diploid ___ cell division used to produce more body cells g) meiosis ___ cell division used to produce sex cells h) haploid ___ cell resulting from the fusion of egg and sperm i) gonad 9. Circle the word(s) within the brackets to make each statement true. a) Asexual reproduction requires (one, two) cells/organisms. b) Sexual reproduction requires the fusion of two different (gametes, gonads, zygotes). Usually one of these comes from a male organism and the other one comes from a female organism. c) Before sexual reproduction occurs, the female sex cell must be produced in the female (gamete, gonad, zygote) called the (testis, ovary, uterus, scrotum). d) Before sexual reproduction occurs, the male sex cell must be produced in the male (gamete, gonad, zygote) called the (testis, ovary, uterus, scrotum). e) Body cells are (haploid, diploid) and sex cells contain half as many chromosomes as they do so they are called (haploid, diploid). f) Mitosis produces (one, two, three, four) cells that are genetically (the same, different) from the original cell and genetically (the same, different) from each other. g) Meiosis produces (one, two, three, four) cells that are genetically (the same, different) from the original cell and genetically (the same, different) from each other. h) In male (gonads, gametes) meiosis generally produces (one, two, three, four) healthy sperm cells or (gonads, gametes). In female (gonads, gametes) meiosis generally produces four cells but only (one, two, three, four) has/have enough cytoplasm to be healthy egg cells or (gonads, gametes). i) When a male gamete and a female gamete fuse, the result is a (gonad, gamete, zygote). j) To produce a healthy offspring, a zygote must grow and produce many more cells by the process of (meiosis, mitosis). Eventually the offspring will grow to sexual maturity and then produce its own sperm and egg cells using the process of (meiosis, mitosis) in its (gametes, gonads).