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Problemset Title Chapter Assessments Introductory Text Question 1 Which of the following is not an elastic medium, and therefore will not transmit sound? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 2 Feedback for all incorrect answers: p. 276 Answer Graded As the ground Incorrect wood Incorrect air Incorrect outer space Correct Feedback A pure tone Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 3 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As is a common natural phenomenon. Incorrect is represented by a simple sine wave. Correct is typically produced by a musical instrument. Incorrect is typically produced by a high-quality stereo receiver. Incorrect Feedback The number of cycles that a sound wave completes in one second is called Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 4 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As amplitude. Incorrect frequency. Correct complexity. Incorrect pitch. Incorrect Feedback Which of the following statements about frequency and hearing is correct? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Humans cannot generally hear frequencies lower than 10,000 Hz. Incorrect Humans are particularly sensitive in detecting tones in the 2000- Correct Feedback 5000 Hz range. Question 5 Humans have relatively large difference thresholds for hearing, in contrast to the difference thresholds for smell and taste. Incorrect Humans notice changes in the frequency of a tone better in the high- frequency range than in the low-frequency range. Incorrect Complex tones Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As represent the combination of different pure tones. Incorrect are much more common than pure tones in nature. Incorrect can be decomposed into sine waves with Fourier analysis. Incorrect All of the above. Correct Feedback Question 6 At a rock concert, Carla begins to feel physical pain from the music she is hearing. Which characteristic of sound should be altered to relieve her pain? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Question 7 Answer Graded As frequency Incorrect amplitude Correct phase angle Incorrect timbre Incorrect Feedback Which of the following statements about the amplitude of sound is correct? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 8 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As A logarithmic transformation is used to express amplitude in decibels. Correct Amplitudes of sound about 140 dB will not cause substantial harm as long as the listener wears cotton earplugs. Incorrect Humans are not particularly skilled in discriminating differences in amplitude. Incorrect Amplitude is a psychological dimension that corresponds to the physical dimension known as loudness. Incorrect Frequency is to _______, as amplitude is to ________ Hint: Type: Feedback Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As pitch; loudness Correct loudness; pitch Incorrect phase angle; pitch Incorrect phase angle; loudness Incorrect Feedback Question 9 Suppose two sound waves identical in frequency and amplitude are in phase. When played together, they would produce Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Feedback no sound-they would in effect cancel each other out. Incorrect a barely audible sound. Incorrect a loud rich sound. Correct a sound higher in frequency than either of the two waves alone. Incorrect Question 10 Imagine that the human ear did not contain a pinna. In what way(s) would our perception of sound change? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Question 11 Answer Graded As Sound waves would travel at a faster rate through the external auditory canal. Incorrect The amplitude of incoming sounds would be much greater. Incorrect Our ability to localize sounds would be lessened. Correct The pinnae don't serve a perceptual function; therefore our perception would not change at all. Incorrect Feedback Which of the following features does not characterize the external auditory canal? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As It serves to protect the eardrum from foreign objects (e.g., dirt) Incorrect It serves to amplify some frequencies. Incorrect It extends approximately 1 inch long Incorrect It is located in the middle ear Correct Feedback Question 12 The thin membrane in the outer ear that vibrates in response to sound waves is called the Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 13 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As pinna Incorrect external auditory canal Incorrect eardrum Correct malleus Incorrect Feedback If the eardrum were to loose its flexibility or be punctured, Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 14 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As the air pressure disturbances that it once encoded would now be encoded by the pinnae. Incorrect the ability to hear would be unaffected. Incorrect hearing would be greatly impaired because the eardrum could no longer vibrate to the pressure of sound waves. Correct only the pitch of incoming sounds would be affected. Incorrect Feedback What is the function of the three bones in the middle ear? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 15 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As They change the auditory stimulus into a chemical signal. Incorrect They amplify the vibrations entering the inner ear. Correct They hold the receptors that receive the sound waves. Incorrect They connect the ear canal to the throat passage. Incorrect Feedback Our middle ear muscles complement the ossicles by, Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As contracting reflexively after the ear is exposed to any sound. Incorrect contracting reflexively after the ear is exposed to sounds about 80 dB over threshold. Correct further amplifying all sounds. Incorrect Feedback amplifying sounds when the ossicles become fatigued. Incorrect Question 16 Our perceptual systems are remarkably well designed to accomplish perceptual tasks. Which of the following examples best illustrates this principle? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Feedback The structure of the inner ear crucial for audition, the cochlea, takes Incorrect up less room than a child's marble. After the hair cells have been stimulated, they send excitation to the Incorrect bipolar cells of the auditory nerve, which then transport information to areas where higher levels of auditory processing occur. The shape and positioning of the ossicles are such that they almost Correct totally compensate for the substantial decrease in a sound wave's magnitude due to impedance mismatch. The pinnae help to increase the amplitude of incoming sound waves somewhat. Question 17 Incorrect What is the function of the eustachian tube? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 18 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As It helps the auditory system solve the impedance mismatch problem. Incorrect It is useful in sound localization. Incorrect It forms one of the canals in the inner ear. Incorrect It helps to equalize the air pressure throughout the auditory system. Correct Feedback When the stapes vibrates, Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As the oval window vibrates, creating pressure change in the liquid in the cochlea. Correct the round window vibrates, creating pressure change in the liquid in the cochlea. Incorrect pressure changes in the liquid of the cochlea, causing the oval window to vibrate. Incorrect pressure changes in the liquid of the cochlea, causing the round window to vibrate. Incorrect Feedback Question 19 The fluid-filled cochlea Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 20 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As is made of a hard bony material. Incorrect contains the hair cells, the receptors for audition. Correct is a long hollow tube that helps to amplify sound waves as they pass through it. Incorrect is not really necessary for audition to occur. Incorrect Feedback The auditory receptors are located in the Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 21 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As oval window. Incorrect helicotrema. Incorrect cochlear duct. Correct middle ear. Incorrect Feedback Hair cells, the actual receptors for hearing, are located in the Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As helicotrema. Incorrect organ of Corti. Correct round window. Incorrect none of the above. Incorrect Feedback Question 22 If a person were missing the organ of Corti in both ears, what would this person's auditory perception be? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Feedback Only high-frequency tones could be heard. Incorrect Only low-frequency tones could be heard. Incorrect Nothing could be heard. Correct As long as the auditory nerve was intact, hearing would be normal. Incorrect Question 23 Which of the following statements best summarizes the transduction process of the auditory system? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Question 24 Answer Graded As The traveling wave carried by the basilar membrane causes displacement of the stereocilia, which ultimately culminates in the production of action potentials. Correct The differences in air pressure carried by sound waves directly cause the hair cells to begin vibrating at the same rate which ultimately culminates in the production of action potentials. Incorrect A system of afferent and efferent fibers between the inner ear and the brain enables transduction to occur. Incorrect The auditory system does not need to perform a transduction process. Incorrect Feedback The function of the inner hair cells is to Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As filter out particles of dirt and other small objects that could damage the structure of the inner ear. Incorrect transmit auditory information to higher levels of processing. Correct provide a protective covering for the auditory receptors. Incorrect help overcome the impedance mismatch problem. Incorrect Feedback Question 25 The phenomenon in which waveforms falling on the ear are mimicked by graded potentials in the inner ear is called Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Question 26 Answer Graded As Kemp echoes. Incorrect spontaneous acoustic emissions. Incorrect cochlear microphonic. Correct presbycusis. Incorrect Otoacoustic emissions Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Feedback Question 27 Answer Graded As are a symptom of tinnitus. Incorrect occur only after severe nerve damage. Incorrect can occur both with and without the presence of a stimulus. Correct occur in response only to human speech. Incorrect Feedback Which of the following is not true of inner ear hair cell motility? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Motility is due to the presence of muscle-like actin filaments in the walls of the outer hair cells. Incorrect Motility is the independent elongation and contraction of the outer hair cells. Incorrect Motility is characteristic of inner and outer hair cells. Correct Motility may serve to sharpen contours of traveling waves. Incorrect Feedback Question 28 Suppose that a researcher records electrical impulses from a fiber in the auditory nerve and plots a frequency tuning curve. This figure is likely to show Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Feedback the fiber is most sensitive to a stimulus of a specific frequency, with Correct lower sensitivity to more remote frequencies. the fiber is equally sensitive to all frequencies. Incorrect the fiber vibrates at the same rate as the auditory stimulus. Incorrect all fibers in the auditory nerve are similar to each other in their frequency tuning curves. Incorrect Question 29 The lowest level at which information from the two ears is compared in the auditory system is the Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As cochlear nucleus. Incorrect the superior olivary nucleus. Correct the inferior colliculus. Incorrect the auditory cortex. Incorrect Feedback Question 30 Which grouping best represents the pathway traveled by information moving from the inner ear to the brain? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As cochlear nucleus, medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex, inferior colliculus Incorrect cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex Correct auditory cortex, superior olivary nucleus, inferior colliculus, superior colliculus Incorrect superior olivary nucleus, medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex, cochlear nucleus Incorrect Feedback Question 31 What part of the auditory system allows for comparisons of both auditory and visual spatial information? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Question 32 Answer Graded As superior colliculus Correct inferior colliculus Incorrect superior olivary nucleus Incorrect medial geniculate nucleus Incorrect Feedback Which word is most characteristic of the manner in which the auditory system is organized? Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 33 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As retinotopically Incorrect physically Incorrect randomly Incorrect tonotopically Correct Feedback Parts of the auditory system are arranged tonotopically, meaning that Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As similar tones are heard when listening to output from single cell Incorrect Feedback recordings. neurons sensitive to similar frequencies are found near one another. Correct melodies for similar songs are stored near one another Incorrect neurons sensitive to adjacent spatial locations are found near one another. Incorrect Question 34 Your uncle who has been taking large doses of aspirin for his arthritis complains of ringing in his ears. Of the choices below, what is his most probable diagnosis? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Question 35 Answer Graded As tinnitus Correct presbycusis Incorrect eustachian disorder Incorrect conduction deafness Incorrect Feedback Vision is to presbyopia as audition is to Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 36 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As conduction deafness. Incorrect presbycusis. Correct tinnitus. Incorrect otosclerosis. Incorrect Feedback Conduction deafness Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Question 37 Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As involves problems in the cochlea. Incorrect involves problems in the auditory nerve. Incorrect involves problems in the external ear or middle ear. Correct cannot be helped by a hearing aid. Incorrect Otosclerosis affects hearing by Hint: Type: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Feedback Answer Graded As immobilizing the stapes, making conduction of sound stimulus difficult. Correct Feedback swelling the eustachian tube and cutting off the middle ear from the Incorrect respiratory tract. damaging the hair cells. Incorrect reducing the hair cells' motility. Incorrect Question 38 A deaf friend of yours has normal hearing on loud sounds but is unable to hear weak sounds. What would you conclude? Type: Hint: Multiple Choice Feedback for all incorrect answers: Answer Graded As Your friend has conduction deafness. Incorrect Your friend would hear almost perfectly with a hearing aid. Incorrect The hair cells in the organ of Corti are probably in excellent condition. Incorrect Your friend has a problem called recruitment, which is found in people with nerve deafness. Correct Feedback
