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Year 10
Science / Physics Examination (CO&FS)
Semester 1, 2015
Tuesday 2nd June, 2015
Reading time: 8:50am – 8:55am
Writing time: 8:55am – 10:55am
Name: __________________________
Form: ______________
Section
Section One – Multiple Choice
Section Two – Short Answers
Section Three – Extended Answers
Structure of exam
Number of questions to be
answered
30
12
07
MYP level
Criterion A
0-3
4-6
7-8
Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners,
rulers and a calculator.
Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and white out
liquid/tape.
1. Materials supplied
• Formula sheet of 1 side on page 2 of this exam paper.
2. Instructions
• Please ensure that you have the correct examination in front of you.
• Please do not open the examination booklet until directed to do so.
• Students are to write in blue or black pen.
• Write your name clearly in the space above when directed to do so.
• Attempt all questions. For Multiple choice questions circle only one answer. Give answers to one
decimal place when appropriate.
• If you have a problem please raise your hand and wait quietly for a teacher.
• At the conclusion of your examination please refrain from speaking until you are outside the exam
room.
• Students are reminded that they are not permitted to leave the examination room early.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic
devices into the examination room.
1
YR10 EXAM FORMULAE
displacement
= change in position
average speed = distance
time
average velocity = displacement
time
acceleration = change in velocity = Vfinal -Vinitial
time
time
force = mass x acceleration
work = force x distance
average velocity = gradient of a displacement/time graph
acceleration = gradient of a velocity/time graph
frequency of a ticker-timer = 50 Hz
km/hr to m/s: divide by 3.6
2
A: KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING (MAX 8)
St does not reach a std described by any of the descriptors given below:
1-3
Multiple choice questions
1-30
The student is able to:
I.
II.
III.
N
A
0
Att
Task specific Descriptors
PC
Generic descriptors
LEVEL
ACHIEVED
TC
MYP
CRITERI
A
select scientific knowledge
select scientific knowledge
and understanding to
suggest solutions to
problems set in familiar
situations
Apply information to make
judgments, with limited
success.
Short Answers
4–6
The student is able to:
i.
ii.
iii.
recall scientific knowledge
apply scientific knowledge
and understanding to
suggest solutions to
problems set in familiar
situations
Apply information to make
judgments.
The student is able to:
7–8
i.
ii.
iii.
state scientific knowledge
apply scientific knowledge
and understanding to
solve problems set in
familiar situations
Apply information to make
scientifically supported
judgments.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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CRITERION A: KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE
Section one:
Level 0-3: Multiple choice (circle ONLY ONE – the most correct letter)
1.
A person walks 30 m forwards, stops, and then walks 15 m backwards, stops and the walks 5m
forward. The distance travelled is:
A. - 5 m
B. 20 m
C. 40 m
D. 50 m
2.
The displacement for the person in Q1 above would b:e
(take a displacement forward as positive)
A. - 5 m
B. 20 m
C. 40 m
D. 50 m
3.
Which of the following is NOT a vector quantity?
A. time
B. position
C. velocity
D. acceleration
4.
Which of the following values is a scalar quantity?
A. 20 ms-1 North
B. 25 Newton’s
C. 9.8 ms-2 down
D. 65 kg
5.
The correct units used for velocity are:
A. ms-2
B. ms-1
C. M
D. s
6.
A car travels with a velocity of 50 km/h North for 60 minutes, then 100 km/h South for 1 hour. The
average speed of the car is:
A. 25 kmh-1
B. 50 kmh-1
C. 75 kmh-1
D. 150 kmh-1
7.
The radar gun of a policeman measures:
A. average speed
B. instantaneous speed
C. acceleration
D. distance
4
8.
A ticker-tape is divided up into 5 interval dot sections. The time interval for each section is:
A. 0.1 seconds
B. 0.5 seconds
C. 1.0 seconds
D. 5.0 seconds
9.
For the section of ticker-tape shown below:
    

A






B




C



D
The object is travelling at a CONSTANT SPEED in Section:
A.
B.
C.
D.
10.
For the graph below.
Position (m)
604020-
0
|
3
|
6
|
9
|
12
|
15
|
18
time(s)
The object was stationary between:
A. 0 – 6 seconds
B. 6 – 15 seconds
C. 15 – 18 seconds
D. none of the above
11.
From the graph in Q10 the velocity between 15-18 seconds is:
A.
-20 ms-2
B.
0 ms-2
C.
10 ms-2
D.
20 ms-2
12.
From the graph in Q10, the distance travelled by the object in the first 18 seconds was:
A. 30 metres
B. 60 metres
C. 90 metres
D. 120 metres
5
13.
The corresponding Velocity vs Time graph for Q10 would most likely look like:
A
B
C
D
14.
A force that causes an object to slow down is called:
A. friction
B. Deceleration
C. Newton
D. None of the above
15.
A car stopping at the traffic lights means that its final velocity is:
A. 0 ms-1
B. 1 ms-1
C. 10 ms-1
D. 100 ms-1
16.
An object traveling at a constant speed in a circle means that:
A. It’s acceleration is zero
B. it is moving at a steady speed
C. It’s acceleration is not zero
D. all of the above
17.
Newton’s second law states :
A. forces are cause by an acceleration
B. acceleration is directly proportional to the force acting on a body
C. acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on a body
D. none of the above
18.
The accepted value of the acceleration due to gravity at sea level is approximately:
A. 100 ms-2
B. 10 ms-2
C. 0.10 ms-2
D. 0.010 ms-2
19.
The conservation of energy law states:
A. energy can be created but not destroyed
B. energy can be created and destroyed
C. energy can be neither created or destroyed
D. energy is always
20.
A charging bull of 700kg crashes into a stationary matador of only 50kg. The force the matador
exerts on the bull is:
A. larger than the bull exerts on him
B. smaller than the bull exerts on him
C. of the same size that the bull exerts on him
D. unknown
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21.
The light year is a unit of ________________________.
A. time
B. distance
C. speed
D. weight
22.
What is the most abundant element in the Universe and thus also the most abundant element
in stars like the Sun?
A. Calcium
B. Helium
C. Hydrogen
D. Neon
23.
Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered the background energy left over from the big bang
while scanning the Universe for radio waves. Which wavelength did they determine was
associated with the Big Bang?
A. radio waves
B. microwaves
C. infrared waves
D. visible light waves
24.
The Universe can be said to be _______________________________________.
A. unchanging
B. infinitely old
C. expanding equally in all directions
D. collapsing back into itself
25.
Where are stars born?
A. Nebula
B. Black Hole
C. Supernova
D. Neutron Star
26.
The direction that light shifts towards in the visible spectrum when a galaxy moves away
Earth?
A. Blue Shift
B. Green Shift
C. Red Shift
D. Yellow Shift
27.
What type of reaction produces the energy in a sun?
A. Nuclear Fission
B. Nuclear Fusion
C. Friction
D. Thermal Convection
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28.
Stars can be different colours, temperatures and luminosities. These different characteristics
can be represented in a Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram. Where is our Sun located in a
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram?
A. Between the Red Giants and Red Super Giants
B. Near the centre of the Main Sequence
C. Next to Betelgeuse
D. Surrounded by Sirius B and other White Dwarfs
29.
What type of star is our Sun?
A. Red Giant
B. Protostar
C. White Dwarf
D. Main Sequence Star
30.
What is “…a huge and rotating collection of gas and dust with billions of stars, planets and
other celestial objects?”
A. Galaxy
B. Nebula
C. Solar System
D. Universe
End of Section One
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CRITERION A: KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE
Section 2
Level 4-6: Short answers (show all working out as required)
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (show all working out)
1. Describe what is meant scientifically by the following terms.
(Use examples in your explanations)
a. scalar
c. velocity
b. Work
d. force
2. During a training session track athlete Johnston circled running around a 400 m track 10.5 times. It took
him 12 min and 35 s.
a. What was his distance travel?
_______________________________________________________________________________
b. What was his average speed (in m/s)?
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c. What was his displacement?
______________________________________________________________________________________
d. What was his average velocity?
______________________________________________________________________________________
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3. Andrew walks to school at 10 km/hr for 2000 m. In minutes how long did it take Andrew to get to
school?
4. Sound travels at a speed of 330 m/s. It takes the sound of an plane flying directly overhead 10 seconds to
be heard at ground level. At what height is the plane flying?
5. a. i) A car’s velocity increases on the highway from 60 kmh-1 to 100 kmh-1 over a 3 second period
heading North to Sydney. What is the car’s acceleration in ms-2?
ii) Calculate the mass of the car if a net force of 5556 N is acting on the car as it is accelerating at the value
found in part i).
b. A car traveling initially at a constant speed accelerate at 5 m/s2 for a period of 3 seconds to reach a speed
of 30 ms-1. What was the car’s initial speed?
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6. Using the position-graph below, answer these questions regarding the toy car’s motion.
Working out must be shown!
X (m)
6
4
2
0
-2
t (s)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
-4
-6
a. What distance did the toy car travel in the first 10 seconds?
_______________________________________________________________________________
b. At what times was the toy car not moving?
_______________________________________________________________________________
c. What was the toy car’s instantaneous speed at 2s?
_______________________________________________________________________________
d. What was the average velocity of the toy car between the 3 and 8 second time interval?
_______________________________________________________________________________
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7.
Jaqueline is riding her bicycle on a level road by applying a pedaling force of 100 N. The bicycle has
a mass of 20kg and Jaqueline a mass of 60kg. Assuming a constant frictional force of 20 N is acting
at all times, unless otherwise stated.
a. Calculate the acceleration of the bicycle.
b. Calculate the acceleration of the bicycle if the pedaling force is decreased to 20N and the frictional
force is unchanged.
c. Calculate the work done by Jaqueline pedaling with a force of 50 N over a distance of
20 m. Assume the frictional force acting is unchanged.
d. Describe in terms of Newton’s law/s what happens to the motion of the bicycle if Jaqueline stops
pedaling.
e. By describing the change in kinetic energy of the bicycle when Jaqueline stops pedaling briefly discuss
whether the conservation of energy law has been broken.
8. a. Why did it take over 300,000 years for the first stable atoms to form?
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
b. What does Einstein’s famous equation E=mc2 have to do with the big bang theory?
___________________________________________________________________
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9. Where does cosmic microwave background radiation come from? What does it tell us about the
early universe?
___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
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___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
10. What does it mean when the spectral lines from the light of a distant star (rainbow) show a shift
toward the red end of the spectrum? What is this effect called and what does it tell us about the
nature of our universe?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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11. There are three main theories that describe how the universe may end. They are “The big rip theory”,
“The big chill theory” and “The big crunch theory”.
The big crunch theory is different from the other two theories.
a. Explain the major difference between the big crunch theory and the other two theories.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
b.
Describe a similarity between the big chill theory and the big rip theory.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
12. Describe the stage that the sun is in right now, and the stages it will go through in the future.
Your answer should name the stages, include what is happening to the core and outer parts of the
star, and list the energy source in the core.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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End of Section Two
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CRITERION C: KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE
Section 3
Level 7-8: Extended response items
nb. All questions in this section are those in a difficult and unfamiliar context
used to access the higher levels of achievement for criterion C.
1. A yacht travels at 20kmhr-1 for 2 hours in a South direction. It then travels at 30 kmhr-1 for 3hrs in a East
direction and finally travels at 40 kmhr-1 for 90 minutes in a South direction. Draw a vector representation of
its trip and hence calculate its average velocity for the journey described.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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2. A car travelling at 100km/h has the breaks applied sharply at 8ms2 so as to come to a stop just before it
hits a brick wall.
15
a. Draw a velocity versus time graph of the cars motion as the breaks are applied at t=0 seconds, till it
comes to a stop just before the brick wall.
b. Use your graph to calculate the time it takes the car to stop.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
c. Calculate how far away the brick wall is from the instance the driver starts to apply the breaks.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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3. A crumple zone or air bag reduces the force on a body in a car during a crash. Use some example
calculations to construct a scientific explanation of the support your answer.
4. The Government has just announced a plan to make front air bags and side air bags compulsory in all
cars. They then plan to allow drivers to drive at any speed they want. They claim that goods can then be
delivered faster and the airbags will mean less people in hospitals. Do you think that this is a good plan?
Analyze and evaluate the Governments arguments using your knowledge of motion and forces e.g.
Newton’s three laws of motion, etc…..
17
5. With what force does B push on A? Justify your answer with calculations!
Hint: Use Newton’s 3rd law and the equation F=ma to help you.
5.0kg
F=15.0N
A
2.0kg
B
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6. “Stars are born, live and die just like humans”.
Write an essay that explains the stellar evolution of stars. Discuss, using what you have learnt during your
studies, the science behind the birth of stars, their lifespans, the factors that determine their evolution and the
possible death pathways.
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7. Use the following The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
19
to answer the given questions.
a. What is the approximate surface temperature of the sun? ___________________
b. Would the surface temperature of white dwarf stars be higher or lower than red supergiants? (Circle
one of the bold words)
c. What is the color of the stars with the highest surface temperature? ___________
What is the color of the stars with the lowest surface temperature? ____________
d. List the color of the stars from hottest to coldest:
HOT__________________________________________________________COLD
e. Most of the stars on the HR Diagram are classified as which type of star?
___________________________________________
f. How is it possible for white dwarf stars to have lower luminosity than the sun even though the sun is
cooler than white dwarfs?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
g. Plot the following stars.
20
Star A = 4,000 0C and low/medium brightness
Star B = 6,000 0C and high brightness
Star C = 20,000 0C and low/medium brightness
Star D = 20,000 0C and much older than star C
Star E = 6,000 0C and medium brightness
Identify the type/color for each star:
Star:
Star A
Star B
Star C
Star D
Star E
Color:
Type:
h. What is the name of our most popular star located at point D? _________________
i. How does/doesn’t the mass of stars change as you move along the main sequence band?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
j.
Describe how, why and over what time span our Sun changes its position over its lifetime on
the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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k. Prof. Balter Adams of the University of Michigan found two stars, A and B, that are
very close together in the sky in the constellation Canis Major. He determined the spectral
classes of the two stars and found them to be the same. Star B is 15 magnitudes fainter than
star A. Prof. Adams says he discovered a new type of star that is fainter than white dwarfs.
Has he discovered a new type of star? Explain.
___________________________________________________________________
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End of Section Three
21