Download Chapter 10 Notes

Chapter 10 Notes
Section 1
I.
II.
III.
Still Divided
A. After Fort Sumter was attacked, Lincoln asked for 75,000 men.
B. 4 slave states elected not to secede since they were on the border
of free states. They were known as border states
C. Martial Law was called.
1. this was rule by the military instead of elected officials
Bull Run
A. First big was 20 miles outside of Washington near a creek called
Bull Run.
B. Members of Congress and Union supporters went to the battlefield
to watch
C. The Union soldiers, who were poorly trained, ran from the
battlefield.
D. The war was not going to end soon
The North’s and South’s Plan.
A. The North used the Anaconda Plan
1. Anaconda is a large snake that surrounds food and squeezes
2. The North wanted to blockade (stop shipping) in all Southern
ports
3. Attack the South along the Mississippi River to split the South
4. Continue to attack the eastern states and capture the southern
capital of Richmond
B. The South just wanted to hold it’s land and hope that the North
would quit.
Chapter 10 Notes
Section 2
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Battles in the Southeast
A. George McClellan was chosen to lead the Union army
B. Robert E. Lee was selected as the Southern Commander
C.Lee wanted to try to win the War quickly since the North had:
1. More people
2. More factories
3. More resources
D.Two important battles were Antietam and The Seven Days’ Battle
E. The South claimed it won The Seven Days’ Battle and the North
claimed it won Antietam however both sides lost many men in
each battle
Sea Battles
A. The northern blockade of the South forced Southerners to construct
Ironclad ships.
1. these ships were made of iron instead of wood
2. they were designed to break through the blockade
B. The Southern Ironclad was called the Virginia
1. It sunk 2 Union ships
2. Union cannon balls bounced off of it
C. The Union sent out it’s Ironclad named the Monitor
D. Neither ship could sink each other, however the South was unable
to break the blockade
Fighting along the Mississippi
A. Union forces along the Mississippi River captured two Confederate
forts between 1861 and 1862
B. They were able to secure the northern Mississippi River area
C. Union Admiral David Farragut led the Union Navy at the Battle of
New Orleans and captured the city
D. New Orleans was very important to the Confederates since it was a
large trading center
E. Mississippi could no long be a trade route for the South
F. Later General Grant won the Battle of Vicksburg to capture the
entire Mississippi River
The Turning Point
A. General Lee decided to invade the North in July of 1863
B. On July 1st 1863 the bloodiest battle of the war was fought at
Gettysburg, PA.
C. General George Meade led the Union army against Lee
D. The Battle lasted 3 days and the Union army badly beat the
Confederate Army
E. On November 19, 1863 Lincoln attended a ceremony to honor the
men who died during the Battle. His speech become known as the
Gettysburg Address.
Section 3
I.
Opposing the War
A. In the North people who were against the war were known as
copperheads. Some of their reason were:
1. favored slavery
2. thought states could leave the Union
3. it was not worth fighting for
B. Most people in the South were for the War.
1. some poor white farmers wanted to remain in the Union
2. African-Americans wanted to slavery ended
II.
Women during the War
A. Roles of women during the War included:
1. taking care of the farm
2. making uniforms and weapons
3. working in government offices
4. battlefield nurses
5. spies
B. Raising Troops to Fight
1. The South passed conscription laws, which was a draft for
military service. Later the North did the same.
2. People complained that it was not fair
3. People could get out of having to service but having someone
else go for them or by paying the government
4. A riot in New York City lasted several days, with more than
100 people killed.
Emancipation Proclamation
A. In the summer of 1862 draft a law that said that all slaves would
be forever free, as of January 1st 1863.
III.
IV
IV.
B. Lincoln thought that the slaves would stop working for the farms
that grew food for the Confederate Army.
C. He also thought that Northerners would then understand why the
War was so important
African Americans in the Union Army
A. After the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln decided to allow
African-Americans join the Union Army
B. 180,000 joined
C. Many faced discrimination in the Army.
D. The most famous unit was the 54th Massachusetts Volunteers
E. They were not paid as much as white soldiers and the South said
they if captured they were to be sold back to slavery
The End of the War
A. Grant believed to win he needed to use total war
1. this means destroying anything that is useful to civilians or the
army.
2. The people of South would suffer along with the army
3. Grant thought this would end the war completely
B. Union General William Sherman marched his troops to Atlanta,
GA
1. He ordered his men to burn the city
2. In November 1864 the city was destroyed and the citizens were
forced to leave
C. Lee surrendered on April 9, 1865 at Appomattox Court House in
central Virginia
1. Southern had to give up their weapons
2. They could keep mules or horses if they owned them
3. Officers could keep their pistols
4. All soldiers would be fed
D. 5 days after the War had ended Lincoln was assassinated
E. More than 618,000 men were killed during the Civil War
F. $10 billion dollars was spent on the war
G. Much of the South was ruined, especially the cities