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Safety / Injury
Lesson 1
Page 174 - 177
Objective: Students will be able to define communication and recognize different ways of
communicating. Students will be able to list ways of speaking clearly and listening carefully.
Lastly students will be able to demonstrate good communication skills. (Students will know the
following terms and their applications: Communication, Compromise, Cooperation, Prejudice,
and Tolerance.)
Journal # 17 - You are in a foreign country. You do not know how to speak the language or
read the writing. You go to a restaurant and want to order your food, how do you do it?
3 Key Skills in a Healthy Relationship (Communication, Compromise, Cooperation)
1. Communication - – is the exchange of information through the use of words or actions.
There are three parts to good communication.
A) – Sender
B) – Receiver
C) - Message
2. Compromise - is the result of each person’s giving up something in order to reach a solution
that satisfies everyone. Also known as Give and Take.
3. Cooperation - is working together for the good of all. Also known as teamwork.
Verbal Communication – is expressing feelings, thoughts, or experiences with words, either by
speaking or writing.
Nonverbal Communication – getting messages across without using words. Example would be
a smile, wave, or high-five a teammate after winning a relay race, you’re using nonverbal
communication.
Body Language – postures, gestures, and facial expressions – to send messages. It can give
your words extra meaning and it can also send messages you’re not aware of.
It’s a form of nonverbal communication. Example: clothes you wear - dark, light, colorful,
baggy, revealing. Gangs, preppie, athletic, Hawaiian other cultures.
Example - rolling eyes, sigh, deep breathing, shoulder shrugs, stomping your feet, crossing your
arms, hands on hips, throwing your head back, shaking your head, etc.
What do your parents do when they are upset with you?
Verbal Communication - means using words to express thoughts, ideas, beliefs, and wants.
Just talking to another person does not guarantee good communication.
Good Communication is a skill.
Speaking Skills - communication is a two way street. Speaking is the giving part. Speaking
clearly and carefully is a good communication skill. The following are tips for good speaking
skills:
Avoid nonstop talking - find a balance between sharing your experiences and letting the other
person talk. If you do all the talking the other person may become bored or tune you out.
Think before you speak - avoid embarrassing yourself or hurting the other person by saying
something you will later regret. Allow your messages to go through your brain before they come
out your mouth.
Be positive - no one likes to listen to someone who is grumpy all the time.
Use Tact – the sense of what to do or say to avoid offending others. Avoid being rude or
insulting.
Be aware of your listener - make sure the other person understands what you are saying.
Example - people who speak pigeon, sports language, sign language.
Be direct, use “I” messages - say what you want to say. Be direct about your values and about
what is important to you.
Be creative - if your listener doesn’t understand you the first time you say something,
express the idea in a different way. Example – charades.
Make clear simple statements. Be specific.
Listening Skills - listening is the receiving part of communication.
Active Listening - means hearing thinking about, and responding to the other person’s
message. The following are tips on how to improve your listening skills:
Pay Attention - concentrate on what the other person is saying.
Provide feedback - let the other person know you’re listening by nodding your head,
asking questions, etc.
Let the person finish speaking Stay calm - do not get angry. Breathe deeply.
Keep an open mind - listen even if you disagree.
Writing – e-mails, text messages, or notes. Advantages – you can change your message
before you send. Disadvantages – message isn’t clear, can’t ask you what you meant,
can’t hear your tone of voice, can see your body language.
Safety / Injury
Lesson 2
Page 184 - 188
Objective: Students will be able to identify ways to improve communication skills.
Students will be able to explain what body language is. Students will know the following
terms and their applications: peer, peer pressure Students will be able to use refusal skills
effectively. Lastly students will be able to understand the dangers of internet usage.
Journal #18 – What could you do to avoid negative peer pressure?
Review – Communication Skills – Verbal and Nonverbal
Peer Pressure
Peers – people close to you in age who are a lot like you.
Peer Pressure – the influence that your peer group has on you. Can be positive or
negative.
Question – give examples of both positive and negative peer pressure.
Resisting Negative Peer Pressure
1. Avoid the situation
2. Walk away
3. Use assertive responses – this is a response that declares your position strongly
and confidently
4. Focus on the issue
5. HELP – Healthful, Ethical, Legal, Parent-approved
Game: Internet Safety
Safety / Injury
Lesson 3
Page 202 - 221
Objective: Students will know the following terms and their applications: mediation,
neutrality, nonviolent confrontation, negotiation, conflict. Students will be able to
understand what abuse is and describe how abuse affects people. Students will also be
able to discuss ways of preventing and breaking the cycles of abuse.
Journal 20 – In your last fight or argument how was the conflict resolved?
1st - List on the board of what makes the students mad. Ask what can you control? Is it
worth getting mad over to the point of violence?
2nd - Read “Violence in the Media” This is about violence on TV.
3rd - Ask those who have been in a physical fight? What was the point of the fight?
What is the goal of the fight? Did you reach your goal? How did this make you feel?
4th - How do you know when a fight is over?
1. After you start yelling
2. First Punch is thrown
3. Sight of blood
4. Hospital - broken bones, concussion, person is handicapped
5. Death
5th - In a fight you are saying you are willing to take the consequences of the outcome no
matter what.
Conflict - disagreement between people with opposing viewpoints, interest, or needs.
WHAT CAUSES CONFLICT?
Arguments - occur when people are not communicating well or when they are
disrespectful of one another.
Common reasons for teen arguments.
Property - teens may not respect one another’s property.
Hurt Feelings / Jealousy - Young people may feel jealous when they are not included in
certain activities or when a boyfriend or girlfriend notices someone else. Feelings of
being left out.
Territory - Teens may not want others to cross the boundaries that make up their
neighborhood or what they feel is theirs.
Values - Teens may refuse to do something that goes against their values, such as lying,
cheating, or stealing.
Hurt Pride - hurtful insult toward a family member, rumor, and ridicule another in
public.
Peer Pressure – some conflicts are made worse when teens encourage others to fight it
out. People heckle or cheer on a fight. Behavior worsens when a crowd appears.
Revenge - an insult can start a chain reaction. They may recruit family members or
friends to get involved. Very common among rivals gangs, which may involve weapons.
Prejudice - a negative and unjustly formed opinion. Refusal to accept others who are
different. Skin color, religious, or political beliefs, nationality, or other differences.
Recognizing Signs of Conflict:
Disagreement – be aware of disagreements you have with others.
Strong Emotions - name calling, insults, threats, or shoves are early warning signs. Stay
in control of your emotions and work things out peacefully.
Body Language and Behavior - body goes through changes such as: increased heart
rate, and breathing, sweating palms, flushed faced, stuttering, and a high-pitched voice,
crying. Crossing your arms, tighten your lip, ignore the person, raise your voice, etc.
What do you do to control your anger?
Avoiding Conflicts & Conflict – Resolution Strategies
Use nonviolent confrontation - talk, listen, and compromise, no threats, angry words or
looks, punches, or weapons.
Ignore some conflicts - If the person is a stranger or someone you will never see again
just walk away. If the person is someone you care about communicate your feelings in a
calm and reasonable manner.
Negotiation - process of discussing problems face to face to reach a solution.
Compromise – when both sides in a conflict agree to give up something to reach a
solution that will satisfy everyone.
Collaborate - or work together to resolve a conflict and stay friends.
Talk Strategy to help you remember the steps of conflict resolution through negotiation.
1. Take a time-out before you start to negotiate.
2. Allow each person to his/her side of the story without being interrupted.
3. Let each person ask questions of the other.
4. Keep brainstorming to find a good solution for both parties.
Mediation - resolving conflict by using a neutral person to help reach an acceptable
solution.
Neutrality - not taking sides when others are arguing.
Nonviolent Confrontation - resolving your conflict by peaceful methods.
Know the 9 warning signs of building conflict (figure 7.1 page 210)
Violence in Society
The news is filled with stories of violence. Many movies, videos, and computer games
show violence. Violence is a major health problem in the United States.
Assault – is the most common violent crime. It is an attack on another person in order to
hurt him/her.
Robbery - is the second most common crime in which another person’s property is
taken.
Rape – is forced sexual intercourse.
Homicide – is a violent crime that results in the death of another person. Also known as
murder.
Factors that Contribute to Violence
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Prejudice
Peer Pressure
Risky Behaviors
Parents who are violent
Committing crimes when they were younger
Seeing violence as an acceptable to behave
Gang – is a group of young people who come together to take part in illegal activities.
Bullying – is a type of violence in which one person uses threats, taunts, or violence to
intimidate another again and again, it may be physical, verbal, or psychological.
Abuse - is the physical, emotional, or mental mistreatment of another person. Abuse
may be physical, emotional, sexual, or a result of neglect. It can cause obvious physical
wounds such as bruises, scratches, broken bones, or burns, or emotional wounds such as
anger, sadness, and fear. It happens in all kinds of families from the very rich to the very
poor.
IT IS A CRIME
Victim - is the person against whom a crime is committed.
Types of AbusePhysical Abuse - results in injury to the body. Example; burns, bruises, and broken
bones. The most common form of physical abuse is Battery. Battery is the beating,
hitting, or kicking of another person.
Emotional Abuse - use of words and gestures to mistreat another person. Examples;
when love and affection are withheld from a child. Angry words, threats, constant
teasing, or criticism. This makes the person feel worthless and helpless, lost of selfesteem.
Sexual Abuse - is any sexual contact that is forced upon a victim. Never the victims
fault.
Neglect - failure to meet the basic physical and emotional needs of a person. Example;
food, clothing, housing, love, encouragement, and safety.
Cause of Abuse -(why do people abuse others)
they were abused as a child
alcohol or other drug abuse
unemployment and poverty
illness
divorce
feelings of worthlessness
emotional immaturity
lack of parenting skills
inability to deal with anger
lack of communication and coping skills
Signs of Abuse ( how can you tell if someone is being abused)
frequent absences from school
poor grades and lack of interest in school
dirty or neglected appearance
extreme shyness, sadness, or fear
aggressiveness behavior toward others
inability to communicate
Effects of Abuse (who does it hurt and what does it cause the person to feel like or act)
damage to the abuser and the victim
leaving home
running away which usually leads to other problems
low self-esteem
high level of stress
poor relationships
Breaking the Cycle of Abuse (p.142)
The longer the abuse continues the greater the damage will be. Report it and talk about it.
Tell someone such as a family member, a teacher, a school nurse, a doctor, a counselor,
or another trusting adult.
Where to Get Help (p. 142-143)
1. Police Department
2. Local Hospital
3. Crisis Hot Line
4. Family Violence Shelters
5. Family Counseling Programs
Assignment – Enrichment Activity 7-1 “How to Reduce Conflict” 10 points