Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
CORE 2401: Final Exam (Sample) Instructor: Paul Sutton Fall: 2008 Name:____________________ Multiple Guess (75 pts at 3 per question): Write the letter representing the Best answer in the blank space next to the question number. No penalty for guessing. 1)____________ During what years of their life experience menopause? A) 20-29 B) 30-39 are American women most likely to C) 40-49 D) 50 and up 2)_____________ Stephen Leavitt proposed that the legalization of abortion via the Roe Vs. Wade supreme court decision had what consequence? A) B) C) D) Reduced Sexual activity with increasing age Higher Crime Rates in Urban Areas Lower Crime Rates in all the U.S. Greater aggregate welfare payments across the U.S. % Inter-country migrants High Low A H igh % Int er-c ountry migrants High % Int er-coun try mi gra nts % In ter -count ry m ig rants 3)____________ Which of the figures below best captures the age specific fertility rate of women in the United States? High L ow Low Low 10 2 0 30 40 5 0 60 70 10 2 0 30 40 50 60 70 1 0 20 30 40 5 0 60 7 0 Age 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Age Age Age B C D 4) ____________ Increasingly across America, lower paying jobs in fast food restaurants, and other retail and service positions are being held by recent immigrants to country rather than women and teenagers. This primarily supports what theory of immigration? A) Dual Labor Market Theory D) World Systems Theory B) Institutional Theory C) Network Theory E) New Household Economics Theory 5) ____________ Which countrys recieves the most immigrants (2000-2005)? A) Jordan B) Canada C) Indonesa D) Russia E) Japan 6) _____________ Which of the following is NOT one of the primary ways in which fertility reduction takes place in the world today? A) Increased age at marriage D) Celibacy B) Use of Contraception C) Abortion E) Voluntary or Involuntary infecundity 7) _____________ Which of the following people is most likely to migrate? A) An 18 year old female U.S. citizen C) A 70 year old Japanese woman B) A 6 year old Indian girl D) A 100 year old Mexican male 8) _____________ Which of the following nations DOES WANT a higher birth rate? A) Indonesia B) China C) Guatemala D) India E) Japan 9) ____________ Tyson Foods created an ‘underground railroad’ for cheap immigrant labor in their food processing plants. They arranged for false identification cards and really ‘greased the skids’ for an illegal labor pool. What theory of migration does this best fit? A) Institutional Theory B) Cumulative Causation Theory D) Neo-Classical Economic Theory C) Network Theory E) Dual Labor Market Theory 10) ____________ Which of the following countries sends the most emigrants? A) Mexico B) Canada C) South Africa D) China E) The United States 11) ____________ In 1890 immigration to the U.S. shifted in origin of immigrants. Which of the following best describes this shift? A) Northern and Western Europeans to Southeast Asians B) Latin American to Northwestern Europe C) China to Japan D) Southern and Eastern Europe to Northern and Western Europe E) Northern and Western Europe to Southern and Eastern Europe 12) ____________ The countries with the largest ‘elderly’ fraction of their population are: ? A) Mostly in Southeast Asia B) Mostly in Europe D) Mostly Developing Countries C) Mostly in Latin America E) None of these 13) _____________ If you are living by yourself in a single family house, the U.S. Census would define your situation as: A) Family Household B) Non-family Household D) The “Friends” Household C) Extended Family E) None of these 14) _____________ What number best approximates the number of households in the United States (in the year 2000) and is the fraction of them described as “Marriage With Children” growing or shrinking? A) 50 Million households: % “ Married with Children” is increasing B) 100 Million households: % “Married with Children” is increasing C) 50 Million households: % “Married with Children” is decreasing D) 100 Million households: % “Married with Children” is decreasing E) 150 Million Households: % “Married with Children” is decreasing 15) ____________ Which of the following statements is TRUE accorrding according to information in Chapter 4 of Lester Brown’s Plan B 3.0: A) B) C) D) E) India’s population will stabilize by 2020 Freshwater from Snow/Ice masses in mountains is important and disappearing 80% of South America’s Glacier disappeared by the year 2000 Mount Kilamanjaro’s famous snowcap is predicted to melt away by 2100 All the above statements are false 16) ____________ Which age group(s) have the highest net worth (on average) in the United States?: A) Adolescents B) Young Adults C) Middle Aged D) Young Old E) Old Old 17) _____________Which of the following countries had a relatively high population growth rate and a relatively high level of economic development? A)Mexico B) Australia C) Saudi Arabia D) Vietnam E) Benin 18) _____________ Which of the following people is regarded as a “Boomster” who believe the world cannot be overpopulated: A) Paul Ehrlich B) Lester Brown C) John Weeks D) Julian Simon E) Malthus 19) ____________ Increased food production in the next century will be required to feed the world’s growing population. It will primarily come from: A) Conversion of non-agricultural lands B) Aquaculture C) Increased crop yields D) Increased oceanic fish catch E) Hydroponic gardens on the moon 20) ____________ Which of the following statements are generally TRUE about an aging population? A) It’s wealthier B) Population Growth Rate is Slowing D) All of the above C) Death rates are rising E) None of the above 21) ____________ List China, Mexico, the U.S. and India in descending order of per capita CO2 emissions A) India, U.S., China, Mexico B) China, U.S., India, Mexico C) Mexico, China, India, U.S. D) U.S., India, China, Mexico 22) ____________ The Economist Magazine proposed “The Big Mac” index to measure: A) Gross National Product B) GDP per capita D) Level of Economic Development C) Purchasing Power Parity E) None of these 23) ____________ Which of the following are problems with measurements of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)? A) Comparisons of GDP between countries do not account for Purchasing Power Parity B) Nations do not account for the loss or gain of natural resources when calculating GDP C) GDP does not account for the value of unpaid domestic labor D) Wildfires and other natural disasters can actually make GDP increase E) All of these are problems with measures with GDP 24) ____________ In general, as per capita income increases, the population growth rate: A) increases B) decreases C) remains the same D) cannot be predicted 25) ____________ What number best approximates the global consumption of oil today? A) One million Barrels per Day B) 100 million Barrels per Day C)A Billion Barrels per Day D) A Trillion Barrels per Day True or False (30 Points at 2 points each): Put A “T” or an “F” indicating True or False respectively in the blank space by each question. No penalty for guessing. 1) ____________ The world has consumed about one trillion barrels of oil so far. 2) ____________ Japan Imports is one of the world’s top five oil consumers 3) ____________ The fastest rate of increase (annual growth rate) of oil consumption is in the United States. 4) ____________ Abortion was made legal in the U.S. in 1973, and remains legal in Mexico. 5) ______________ Usually somewhere between the ages of 25 and 35 the number of men in a population cohort equals the number of women. 6) ______________ More boy babies are born than baby girls 7) ______________ Besides having more money, rich people tend to live longer 8) ______________ The U.S. position at the Mexico City International conference on population was that population growth and economic development were intrinsically related. 9) ______________ The United States has already passed ‘peak oil’. 10) _____________ People over 70 years are more likely to migrate than people under 70 11) _____________ In general, fertility decreases for people immediately after they migrate 12) _____________ Kuwait is the nation with the largest total number of Palestinians 13) _____________ On average over the whole globe fertility rates are increasing. 14) _____________ The fundamental driving force of most international migration today is people escaping from environmental decay. 15) _____________ The population of Blacks and Asians in the United States today is approximately equal. Written Answers (95 Points from 5 & 15 Points questions): The following questions require written, computational, and/or graphical responses. Short Answer: The percentage of women who breast-feed their babies tends to decline with modernization. Consequently, countries that experience modernization, experience decreased breast-feeding, and also experience reduced fertility. How is this a quasi-paradox? (5 Points) Short Answer: Describe how food, water, and energy are inter-related. How are these interrelationships problematic according to the book Plan B 3.0 by Lester Brown. (5 Points) Short Answer: What are Ansley Coale’s 3 pre-conditions for fertility decline? (5 Points) Short Answer: The book Plan B 3.0 had a section titled: China: Why the existing economic model will fail. Summarize the main points of that section of the book? (5 Points) Short Answer: The Figure below is a population pyramid for the United States in the year 2000. What information does it convey? How can this pyramid be used to ‘think demographically’? (5 Points) Short Answer: Define the concept of “Carrying Capacity”, provide an argument as to whether or not it is a useful concept, and describe how you would measure carrying capacity. (5 Points) Short Answer: Define the concepts of “Sustainable Development”, provide an argument as to whether or not it is a useful concept, and describe how you would measure Sustainable Development. (5 Points) Long Answer: The book Plan B 3.0 paints a pretty bleak picture of the situation humanity is faced with at the dawn of the 21st century. Nonetheless, Lester Brown does present a Response Plan (The book is called ‘Plan B’ ). What is his response plan and tell me why you personally think it is a good or bad set of ideas. (15 Points) Long Answer: The world is presently about 50% urban (half the world’s inhabitants live in urban areas). Describe the urban transition as it is really taking place in the world and contrast it with the ideas of ‘Designing Cities for People’ that is presented in Lester Brown’s Plan B 3.0 book. (15 Points) Long Answer: The relationship between population growth and economic development is hotly debated. Some argue that population growth retards economic development, some argue that population growth is unrelated to economic development, and others argue that population growth stimulates economic development. Summarize these arguments and identify their proponents. (15 Points) Long Answer: As we learned from all of your brilliant powerpoint presentations, Lester Brown’s Book Plan B 3.0 does seem to exaggerate the ‘direness’ of social, economic, and environmental circumstances humanity presently faces. Nonetheless it could be argued that his main points are nonetheless correct. For this question simply make the case that the main points made in Plan B 3.0 are generally correct or not and explain whether you think the cases he makes are exaggerations or not.