Download P Shanmugam

MATERIALS, ENERGY, MASS BALANCE ANALYSIS
AND ECONOMETRICS OF DIFFERENT BIOGAS
ENRICHMENT AND UTILISATION TECHNOLOGIES.
Dr.P.Shanmugam,
M.S (Civil/Env.Engg IITM)., M Sc (Env Scs)., PhD (Civil/Env Engg. Leeds. UK )
Principal Scientist, Environmental Engineering Department
CENTRAL LEATHER RESEARCH INSTITUTE
(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)
ADYAR, CHENNAI.20, INDIA
E-Mail : [email protected] Mobile 0091- 9445568343.
Abstract:
The success or failure of any anaerobic digestion (AD) technologies relies on efficient
digester mixing with less operation cost, purification and utilisation of biogas with
less wastage of calories and more conversion of biogas in to power. The improper
mixing technologies in biogas digester to achieve gas ,liquid and solids (GLS)
separation from the frothy, foamy and scum materials formed at the top of the digester
and expensive cost of chemical and biological purification, and improper utilisation of
biogas adds up on the end user cost. This reduces the payback period of the AD
technologies. The existing Fe3+, chelating agent based, Thiobacillus based biological
hybrid H2S chemical scrubber, and micro algae based CO2 scrubber become
expensive. It is also imperative to consider that any biogas engine will be operatable
with maximum efficiency of 40% (2150 K.Calories/kWh), and the added combined
heat and power project to operate onsite. Whereas the direct utilisation of biogas into
boilers and domestic utilisations without purification adds value to the each tonnage of
solid waste converted in to biogas and power.