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World History II SOL Review
Name:
1. Label each of the following on the map 1 or 2.
 England
 France
 Spain
 Italy
 Ottoman Empire
 Persia
Map 1
2.
Map 2
Label each of the following on the map 3



China
Mughal India
Songhai Empire



Incan Empire
Mayan Empire
Aztec Empire
Map 3
Contributions of the Renaissance
1. Renaissances means
of what two cultures?
2. Spread of the Renaissance from _________________________to ___________________________
3. Accomplishments in literature (sonnets, plays, essays) were written by England’s famous playwright:
__________________________
4. Accomplishments in intellectual ideas (humanism): _______________________________ wrote the satire, Praise of
Folly.
5. Who wrote Don Quixote?
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6. Match the works with their artists:
Emergence of the Early Modern World : Location of world religions in 1500 CE
1. Judaism: Concentrated in _______________ and _______________
2. Christianity: Concentrated in _______________ and _______________
3. _______________: Parts of Asia, Africa, and southern Europe
4. Hinduism: _______________ and part of Southeast Asia

Buddhism: East and Southeast _______________
5. Label the 5 Religions BOTH as they were in 1500.



Judaism
Christianity
Islam


Buddhism
Hinduism
Map 4
6. Of the 5 religions, which are monotheistic?
7. Of the 5 religions, which believe in reincarnation?
8. Of the 5 religions, which believes in a caste system?
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Trade Patterns linking Europe with Asia & Africa
9. The silk roads connected which two geographical areas?
10. Label the following Maps
o Silk roads Asia to the Mediterranean Basin
o Maritime routes across the Mediterranean
o Trans-Saharan routes across North Africa
o Northern European links with the Black Sea
o Western European sea and river trade
o South China Sea trade routes
11. Which technological advancements did China introduce around 1500 AD?
12. Which technological advancements did India and the Middle East make in 1500 AD?
The Protestant Reformation in Europe
13. Name 3 abuses of conducted by the Catholic Church.
14. What were Martin Luther’s contributions? (FUN)
15. What about John Calvin’s? (POW)
16. Why did Henry VIII break with the Catholic Church?
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17.
: Leader of England during its Golden Age; had tolerance for dissenters (Catholics),
and won the Spanish Armada, woohoo!
18. Name one conflict in Germany which resulted from disputes between Catholics and Protestants.
19. During the Protestant Reformation, which country organized a “national church”?
20. Reformation in France

Catholic monarchy granted Protestant Huguenots freedom of worship by the
________________________(which was later revoked).
 _______________ changed the focus of the Thirty Years’ War from a religious to a political conflict.
21. Catholic Reformation
 Dissenters prior to Martin Luther: Jan Huss, John Wycliffe
 Counter-Reformation:
o The Council of _______________ reaffirmed most Church doctrine and practices.
o The Society of Jesus (also known as the _______________) was founded to spread Catholic
doctrine around the world.
o The _______________ was used to reinforce Catholic doctrine violently.
22. What is secularism?
23. Who invented the printing press?
24. The print press was significant because it helped spread the
European Exploration
25. Describe 3 items explorers were looking to cash in on in the new world.
26. What did European explorers learn from the Muslims?
27. Pioneering role of _________
28. Complete the following chart:
Sailed for
Portugal
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
England
France
Name
______the Navigator of Portugal.
Description
Sailed around Africa’s Cape of Good Hope and across the Indian Ocean to the
coast of India. He made huge profits when he brought back spices.
An Italian who sail westward to reach Asia. He persuaded Queen Isabella of
Spain to sponsor him. In October 1492 he reached the Americas. Columbus
made four trips to the area he called the Indies.
He and his forces overthrew the Aztec Empire (in only three years). The Spanish
had gained control of northern Mexico by 1550.
He and his forces conquered the Incan Empire. Much of South America came
under Spanish control over the next few years.
His crew was the first to cross the Pacific Ocean and to circumnavigate (or sail
around) the globe. He also explored the Philippine Islands turning the Philippines
into a major Spanish base for trade in the Pacific.
He was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe. He also helped defeat
the Spanish Armada.
He explored the St. Lawrence River to Montreal. His explorations led to France
laying claim to Canada.
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29. European settlers spread their faith to
of the Americas, often by
30. What 3 Central and South American cultures disappeared after the European explorers arrived?
31. The rigid class system and slavery was both based on ____________ color.
32. On the coast of
, Europeans set up
.
33. Asia: Colonization by small groups of _______________ (in India, the Indies, China)

Influence of trading companies (such as the _______________, _______________, and British)
34. What was the name of the mass exchange of European and North American foods called?

35. List 4 foods or animals native to the Americas.
36. List 4 foods or animals native to Europe.
37. The shortage of labor needed to grow cash crops increased the use of ____
_____in the Americas.
38. The ______________ _________________ in the Caribbean and Americas destroyed local economies and
environments.
39. What linked Europe, Africa, and the Americas trading slaves, sugar, and rum?-->
The Ottoman Empire
40. Label the Ottoman Empire on map 1.
41. The Ottoman empire extended into:
, North
, and the
Peninsula.
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42. What was the original name of the capital of the Ottoman Empire, and what was the name changed to?
43. The religion of
became a unifying force for the Ottoman Turks.
The Mughal Empire
44. Label the Mughal Empire on the map
\
45. What religion was spread into India by Mughal rulers (Minority in India today)
46. Name one architectural treasure of the Mughal Dynasty.
China and Japan
47. Name 2 Chinese goods that were in high demand from the British.
48. Land or territory that is set aside for foreign trade in China was known as an ____________.
49. In Japan, the emperor was often powerless, while the ______________,or military leader, ruled with
authority.
50. Adopted a policy of
, to limit
.
Africa
51. What two commodities were exported from Africa?
52. What new food products were imported to Africa?
Mercantilism and Commercial Revolution
53. Mercantilism—An economic practice adopted by European colonial powers in an effort to become
__________________________. Based on the theory that colonies existed for the benefit of the
____________________________.
54. New economic systems emerged which created a need for new ________________ and
___________________ systems.
Scientific Revolution
55. The heliocentric theory directly disputed the Bible’s story of _________________.
56. Fill in the pioneer responsible for each
•_________________________________: Developed heliocentric theory
•_________________________________: Discovered planetary motion
•_________________________________: Used telescope to support heliocentric theory
•_________________________________: Discovered Laws of Gravity
• _________________________________: Discovered circulation of the blood
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57. The Scientific Revolution emphasized ______________ and _____________ instead of religion.
Absolutism
58. Name 2 characteristics of Absolute Monarchs
59. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate Absolute Monarch.
•
___________________________________—France, Palace of Versailles as a symbol of royal power
•
___________________________________—Russia, westernization of Russia
Development of Rights for Englishmen and English Civil War
60. Who was the 1st English King to be executed?
61. Who was named Lord Protector of England after the king’s execution?
62. Name the dominant political parties that vie for power in 17th century England.
63. After taking our England in what was known as the ________________ _________________ (blood-less
take over of England) William and Mary were required to sign the ________________ ____________ ___
__________________ in 1689.
64. From the reign of Henry VIII to William and Mary, the power of the monarchs ______________ while the
power of Parliament _____________________.
The Enlightenment
65. Enlightenment thinkers believed that human progress was possible through scientific _________________
and ___________________.
66. In regards to religion, most Enlightenment thinkers promoted ____________________.
Enlightenment thinkers and their ideas
67. ___________________________ wrote Leviathan—The state must have central authority to manage
behavior.
68. ___________________________ wrote Two Treatises on Government—People are sovereign; monarchs
are not chosen by God.
69. ___________________________wrote The Spirit of Laws—The best form of government includes a
separation of powers.
70. ___________________________wrote The Social Contract—Government is a contract between rulers and
the people.
71. ___________________________said—Religious toleration should triumph over religious fanaticism;
separation of church and state
The Enlightenment influenced the French Revolution & the American Revolution
72. What worldly events prompted French people to make a stand against and unfair monarch?
73. Name 2 significant events that happened during the French Revolution.
74. The French revolution led to the end of the ___________________ under Louis XVI and the beginning of an
Empire under __________________ ____________________.
75. The French Revolution sparked the desire for independence in ______________________,
_____________________, and______________________ colonies.
76. Two Enlightenment composers were
(baroque), and
(classical)
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77. Painting depicted classical subjects, public events, natural scenes, and living people (portraits). For
example, Eugene Delacroix was an Enlightenment painter who painted scenes
from the _____________ ______________________. 
78. New forms of literature evolved, such as the novel (e.g., Don Quixote, written by
____________________).
79. Technologies
• ____________________improved year- round transport and trade.
• New designs in farm tools increased productivity (known as the
____________________ revolution).
• Improvements in ____________________design lowered the cost of transport.
Latin American Revolutions
80. Colonial governments in Latin America were based on ______________
81. What religion influenced Latin America?
82. A major element of the economy was the mining of ____________________for export.
83. Examples of Major cities that were established as outposts of colonial authority.
o _______________ in Cuba
o _______________ in Brazil
o _______________ in Mexico
o _______________ in Argentina
o _______________ in Peru
84. Label the diagram of colonial social classes:
#1:
#2
#3:
85. Father Miguel Hidalgo led the independence movement in _____________________________.
86. _________________________ led the independence movement in South America.
87. Toussaint L’Ouverture led the movement to gain Haitian independence from _______________.
88. Which nations gained their independence?
89. Monroe Doctrine: The Monroe Doctrine was issued by President ______________________ in 1823.
•
•
___________________ nations were acknowledged to be independent.
The United States would regard as a threat to its own peace and safety any attempt by European
powers to impose their system on any independent state in the ________________ Hemisphere.
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Legacy of Napoleon Bonaparte/Congress of Vienna
90. Napoleon’s Legacy: 1. _______________ attempt to unify Europe under __________________
2. ___________________________
3. Awakened feelings of ____________________ and growth of_______________
91. What is nationalism?
92. Legacy of the Congress of Vienna:
The Unification of Italy and Germany
93. National pride, economic _________________, and ________________ideals stimulated the growth of
________________.
94. The terms of the Congress of Vienna led to widespread discontent in Europe, especially in __________ and
the ____________ states. Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 ________________ nationalistic tensions.
95. In contrast to continental Europe, the ________________________ expanded political rights through
_____________ means and made
96.
Joined southern Italy to the North. The
illegal in the British Empire.
Unified northern Italy.
were the last to join the unified Italy.
97. Otto von Bismarck led _______________ in the unification of _______________ through ______ and by
appealing to _______________ feelings.
98. Bismarck’s actions were seen as an example of _______________, which justifies all means to achieve and
hold power.
99. The ______________________________ led to the creation of the German state.
Industrial Revolution
100. Originated in _______________ because of its natural resources (e.g., ______, ______ ore) & the invention
& improvement of the ___________ _________________.
101. Which three industries were central to the Industrial Revolution?
102. ______________________________ invented the cotton gin.
103. James Watt invented the ______________________________.
104. Henry Bessemer invented the _____________________________________.
105. ________________________________ developed the smallpox vaccine.
106. ________________________________ discovered bacteria.
107. Name 2 ways that the Industrial Revolution affected industrialized countries.
108. ___________________ industry was replaced with ___________________. What’s a cottage industry?
109. What impact did the Industrial Revolution have on slavery?
110. How did the Industrial Revolution affect women and children?
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111. Encouraged worker-organized ____________ to demand increased _______________ and improved
working conditions.
112. Adam Smith wrote the Wealth of Nations and believed in ______________________.
113. _____________________ wrote the Communist Manifesto and believed in socialism/communism.
Communists wanted to
evenly.
Imperialism
114. Name the 3 forms of imperialism.
a)
b)
c)
115. Name 2 events that happened regarding imperialism in Asia.
116. How did colonized people respond to imperialism? Armed conflicts (e.g., events leading to the __________
Rebellion in China) Rise of nationalism (e.g., first _____________________________ founded in the mid1800s)
World War I
117. Causes of WW1:
o _____________________________
o _____________________________
o _____________________________
o _____________________________
o _____________________________
o (SPARK)____________________
118. _______________________ was the leader of the United States during WWI.
119. _______________________ was the leader of Germany during WWI.
120. Which empires cease to exist after the end of WWI? (4)
121. Treaty of Versailles punished
by making them:
122. Name 2 reasons why the Russian Revolution happened in 1917.
Leads the
123.
in the overthrow of Russia’s
Czar
124. The
enters the war in response to Germany’s use of
.
125. The __________________________ was supposed to prevent future wars. It failed because it was
and the
didn’t join.
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126. What is the name of the system set up to administer former colonies in the Middle East?
Two major European countries who oversaw it?
Label which countries were
controlled by Britain and then
France.-->
127. WWI Outcomes: _________ participation in the war, which _________ demands for independence
The Great Depression
128. Causes of the Great Depression:
129. Outcomes/effects of the G.D.:
130. The Great Depression contributes to the rise of the ___________________ in Germany.
Interwar Period
131. Fill in the chart:
Leader(s)
Country:
Form of Government:
Joseph Stalin
Germany
Fascism
Hirohito, Tojo
World War II
132. Causes of WW2:
o __________________________
o __________________________
o __________________________
o __________________________
o __________________________
133. War begins with
invasion of
134. The U.S. enters WWII on
.
b/c of the attack on
135. What battle effectively ended the war in Europe?
Japan?
136. What is the turning point of the war?
137. Fill in the following chart:
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Leader:
Country/Position:
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Harry Truman
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Douglas MacArthur
George Marshall
Winston Churchill
Joseph Stalin
Adolf Hitler
Hideki Tojo
Hirohito
The Holocaust & other Genocides
138. Define genocide:
139. The Holocaust was a part of Hitler’s
for the Jews. His book in which he argued for the
Master Aryan Race was
140. Educated artists and technicians were targeted by Pol Pot in ______________________.
141. The Tutsi minority was targeted by the Hutus in ______________________.
Outcomes of WWII
1. Loss of ___________ by European powers.
5. Establishment of the ______________________
2. Establishment of two major powers in the world: The
6. The Universal Declaration of __________________
______________________ and the ___________
3. War crimes ___________
4. Division of Europe, ______________________
7. ___________ Plan
8. Formation of North ___________ Treaty Organization
(NATO) and ___________ Pact
Efforts for reconstruction of Germany and Japan
M:
A:
G:
I:
C:
The Cold War
142. The Cold War was a competition between ____________ & ________________.
143. The Cold War began at the ____________________________ in 1945.
144. Which U.S. President introduced the policy of containment?
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145. Characteristics of the Cold War (1948–1989)
1. North ___________ Treaty Organization
(NATO) vs. ___________ Pact
2. ___________ Conflict
3. ___________ War
126.
4. Berlin and significance of ________ Wall
5. ________ Missile Crisis
6. Nuclear weapons and the theory of
__________
China was led by:
o _________________________, Nationalist
o _________________________, Communist—won in 1949
146. Which nation fights for its independence from France, has a civil war about communism and eventually
becomes communist in 1975?
Modern World
Late 20th Century Leaders
Indira Gandhi
1. Closer relationship between ___________ and the Soviet Union during the Cold War
2. Developed ___________ program
Margaret Thatcher
1. ___________ prime minister
2. Free trade and less government regulation of ___________
3. Close relationship with ___________ ___________ and U.S. foreign policy
4. Assertion of United Kingdom’s ___________ power
Mikhail Gorbachev
1. G___________ and p___________
2. Fall of the ___________ Wall
3. Last president of ___________ ___________
Deng Xiaoping (pronounced: Dung-Shou Ping the “Shou” is like shower)
http://inogolo.com/pronunciation/d1064/Deng_Xiaoping
1. Reformed ___________ China’s economy to a market economy leading to _________ economic growth
2. Continued ___________ control of government
India’s Independence
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Regional setting for the Indian independence movement
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Evolution of the Indian independence movement
1. __________ rule in India
2. Indian National __________
3. Leadership of Mohandas __________
4. Role of civil __________ and passive __________
5. Political division along __________ -__________ lines — Pakistan/India
6. Republic of __________
- World’s largest __________ nation
- Federal system, giving many __________ to the states
Indian democracy
1. Jawaharlal __________, a close associate of Gandhi, supported western-style __________.
2. 1950 Constitution sought to prohibit __________ discrimination.
3. Ethnic and religious __________ caused problems in the development of India as a democratic nation.
4.
New economic development has helped to ease __________ problems of the nation.
20th Century Africa
The independence movement in Africa
1. Right to self-___________ (U.N. charter)
2. Peaceful and violent ___________ after World War II
3. Pride in ___________ cultures and heritage
4. Resentment of ___________ rule and economic exploitation
5. Loss of ___________ by Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Portugal; influence of ___________ rivalry during the
Cold War
Examples of independence movements and subsequent development efforts
1. West Africa: ___________ transition
2. Algeria: _____ of Independence from France
3. Kenya (Britain): Violent struggle under leadership of _________ ___________
4. South Africa: Black South Africans’ struggle against ___________ led by Nelson ___________, who became the first
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black ___________ of the Republic of South Africa
Locate and label Kenya, Algeria and South Africa on the Africa map. Shade in the region of West Africa.
Creation of Middle East States
Mandates in the Middle East
1. Established by the League of ___________
2. Granted ___________ after World War II
3. Resulted in Middle East ___________ created by ___________ differences
French mandates in the Middle East
1. ___________
2. ___________
British mandates in the Middle East
1. ___________ (originally Transjordan)
2. ___________ (a part became independent as the State of Israel)
Golda Meir
1. Prime Minister of ___________
2. After initial setbacks, led Israel to victory in ______________________
3. Sought support of ___________ ___________
Gamal Abdul Nasser
1. President of ___________
2. Nationalized _______ ________
3. Established relationship with ________ _________
4. Built _________ High Dam
Developed and Developing Nations
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Contrasts between developed and developing nations

__________ locations of major developed and developing countries

__________ conditions

Social conditions (__________, access to _________ ________)

Population size and rate of __________
Factors affecting environment and society

__________development

Rapid __________ growth
Relationship between economic and political freedom

Free market economies produce __________ standards of living and an expanding __________ class, which
produces growing demands for political __________ and individual rights. Recent examples include
__________ and __________ __________.
Economic Interdependence

Role of rapid transportation, communication, and __________ networks

Rise and influence of __________ corporations

Changing role of international __________

Regional integration, e.g., __________ __________

Define each:
o NAFTA
o WTO
o IMF
o UN

Why has the world become more connected economically?
Terrorism
Examples of international terrorism
Governmental responses to terrorist activities
1. Munich __________
1. S__________
2. Terrorist attacks in the United States (e.g.,
2. Review of __________rights
9/11/2001) motivated by __________ (Osama
3. Security at ports and __________
bin Laden).
4. __________ badges and photos
3. Car __________
4. __________ bombers
5. Airline __________
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