Download A Tour of the Cell

HONORS BIOLOGY
Central Bucks High School South
Ms. Mattern
CHAPTER 4 OBJECTIVES
A Tour of the Cell
Introduction to the Cell
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.3–4.4
4.4
4.4
Compare the designs of and images produced by a light microscope, a scanning
electron microscope, and a transmission electron microscope. Distinguish
between magnification and resolving power.
Define cell theory and briefly describe the discoveries that led to its
development.
Explain why there are upper and lower limits to cell size.
Distinguish between the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Explain why compartmentalization is important in eukaryotic cells.
Compare the structures of plant and animal cells. Note the function of each cell
part.
Organelles of the Endomembrane System
4.5–4.10,
4.12–4.13
4.11
Describe the structure and functions of the nucleus, endomembrane system,
smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulums, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and
vacuoles.
Explain how impaired lysosomal function can cause the symptoms of storage
diseases.
Energy-Converting Organelles
4.14–4.15
Compare the structures and functions of chloroplasts and mitochondria.
The Cytoskeleton and Related Structures
4.16
4.17
Compare the structures and functions of microfilaments, intermediate filaments,
and microtubules.
Explain how the structure of cilia and flagella relate to their functions.
Cell Surfaces and Junctions
4.18
Compare the structures and functions of cell surfaces and intercellular junctions
of plant and animal cells.
Functional Categories of Organelles
4.19
4.19
Describe the four functional categories of eukaryotic organelles, noting which
organelles are in each group.
Describe the three fundamental features of all life forms on our planet.
CHAPTER 5 OBJECTIVES
The Working Cell
Teaching Objectives
Energy and the Cell
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Define and compare kinetic energy, potential energy, chemical energy, and heat.
Define the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Explain how these laws of
thermodynamics guide energy transformations.
Define and compare endergonic and exergonic reactions. Explain how cells use
cellular respiration and energy coupling to survive.
Explain how ATP functions as an energy shuttle.
How Enzymes Function
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.8
5.9
Explain how enzymes speed up chemical reactions.
Describe the structure of an enzyme-substrate interaction.
Explain how the cellular environment affects enzyme activity.
Explain how competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors alter an enzyme’s
activity.
Describe the process of feedback inhibition.
Explain how certain poisons, pesticides, and drugs inhibit enzymes.
Membrane Structure and Function
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
5.17
5.17
5.15, 5.18
5.19
5.20
5.21
Explain how membranes help organize the chemical activities of a cell.
Relate the structure of phospholipid molecules to the structure and properties of
cell membranes.
Describe the fluid mosaic structure of cell membranes.
Describe the diverse functions of membrane proteins.
Define diffusion and describe the process of passive transport.
Explain how transport proteins facilitate diffusion.
Explain how osmosis can be considered to be the diffusion of water across a
membrane.
Distinguish among hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions.
Explain how plant and animal cells change when placed into hypertonic or
hypotonic solutions.
Compare the processes of facilitated diffusion and active transport.
Distinguish among exocytosis, endocytosis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and
receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Describe the cause of hypercholesterolemia.
Describe the central role of chloroplasts and mitochondria in harvesting energy
and making it available for cellular work.