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Karl Marx German economist and philosopher (1818-1883) Unlike Durkheim, who focused on the stability of society, Karl Marx stressed that history is _____________ _____________________________________________________________________________________, He believed that _______________ – especially ______________________ – is necessary in order to produce social change and a better society. For Marx, the most important changes were ______________. What is class conflict? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ The capitalist class or bourgeoisie is composed of ____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ The working class or proletariat is composed of ______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ According to Marx, how does the capitalist class control “the masses of struggling workers”? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Alienation is ___________________________________________________________________________. Central to Marx’s views was the belief that _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Marx believed that the primary form of oppression was rooted in _______________________. He believed that divisions based on race and gender would disappear once divisions based on class were overcome. Max Weber German social scientist (1864-1920) Max Weber was concerned about the changes brought about by _________________________________. Weber disagreed with Marx’s idea that ___________________ is the central force in social change, but he acknowledged that it important in shaping human action. Weber insisted that sociology should be “value free”. What is “value free” sociological research? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ While he understood that sociologists cannot be totally value free, Weber believed that they should use verstehen, or ______________, to see the world as others see it. This idea is part of what today we call _____________________________________. Weber believed that __________________________________, rather than class struggle, was the most significant factor in determining the social relations among people in industrial societies. Weber made significant contributions to modern sociology by emphasizing the goal of _________________ _________________ and the necessity of ___________________________________________________. In his writings, Weber was more aware of _________________ issues than were many of the scholars of his day.
