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Name____________________________________ Class__________ Date____________________________ Chapter 1 Reading and Study Guide Cells: The Basic Units of Life USE PENCIL!!! What is ‘The Big Idea’ of this chapter? ____________________________________________________ Section 1.1: ________________________________________(title) What will you learn from this section? Define the section vocabulary: 1. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. _______________________________________________________________________________________ Why weren’t cells discovered until the mid-1600’s? Cells and the Cell Theory What are two significant things about Robert Hooke 1. 2. Hooke came up with the name cells. What does it mean in Latin? Why are plant and fungi cells easy to see? Why didn’t Hooke think animals were made of cells? Finding Cells in Other Organisms Leeuwenhoek made _______________________ to look at ______________________________. When he did this what did he find? What did he name them? What does the name mean? What are they called today? Leeuwenhoek was the first person to see ___________________________. He discovered that _____________ are _______________________ organisms. The Cell Theory Schleiden studied _______________ and concluded that plant parts were ______________________________. Schwann studied _______________ and concluded that____________________________________________. Schwann wrote the first two parts of _________________________ What were these two parts? Virchow added the third part of the ____________________. What did he add? - Cell Size *What is volume? * What is surface area? What is the surface area-to-volume ratio? Why are most cells small? Parts of a Cell The cell membrane acts like a _____________________. It separates the cell’s ___________________________ from its _______________________ It controls __________________________________________________________________ What is cytoplasm? Organelles are structures that__________________________________________________________________. Most are surrounded by__________________________________ Different __________________ have different _____________________________ Some float in the ____________________________ Some are attached to _________________________________________________________________ Genetic Material What is DNA? How is DNA passed? What does it control? Two Kinds of Cells Prokaryotes: _______________________________________________________________________________ Do not have a ___________________________ or __________________________________________ Are _______________________ celled _________________________ are the most common example _________________________ are the second example ___________________________ helps bacterium move Draw a prokaryote Bacteria can live ________________________________________________________ is the _______________________ known cell does not have ___________________________________ has a strong weblike _________________________ What are ribosomes? Bacteria Eukaryotic Cells and Eukaryotes ______________________________ are the largest cells. Draw and label a eukaryote cell Archaea Section 1.2: ________________________________________(title) What will you learn from this section? Define the section vocabulary: 1. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. _______________________________________________________________________________________ What are lipids? What are phospholipids? What does hydrophobic mean? What does hydrophilic mean? Cytoplasm:________________________________________________________________________________ keeps the cell’s ______________________________________________________________________ helps some cells_______________________ made of _______________________________________ Nucleus: __________________________________________________________________________________ all ______________________________ have them provides_________________________________________________________________ DNA contains information to ___________________________________________________________ proteins control__________________________________________________________________ nucleolus:__________________________________________________________________________ Ribosomes:_____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________ of all organelles there are _________________ than any other organelle not covered by______________________________________________ proteins are made of____________________________________ all cells need _________________________ to live Endoplasmic Reticulum:______________________________________________________________________ part of the _________________________________________ of the cell rough is covered by ______________________________ smooth ER makes ___________________ and breaks down ______________________________ Chloroplasts:_________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ cells cannot make their own _________________ located in _________________________ and ________________________ cells ____________________________ takes place green because of ___________________________________ chlorophyll traps _____________________ which is __________________________________ Cell Compartments What to vesicles do? A vacuole is a _______________________ Table 1: Organelles and Their Functions Section 1.3: ________________________________________(title) What will you learn from this section? Define the section vocabulary: 1. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. _______________________________________________________________________________________ What are the benefits of being multicellular? What are the four basic types of tissues in animals? What are the three types of tissues in plants? . . . What is photosynthesis? Where does photosynthesis take place? What are a few examples of organs in the human body? What are examples of plant organs? List the levels of organization in living things.