Download 1. Pharaoh is the Egyptian word meaning Great House

1. Pharaoh is the Egyptian word meaning Great House.
The Egyptians used it as another name for their kings.
Whom they believed were living gods on earth.
2. Dynasty is a term used to describe a series of rulers
from the same family
3. Vizier was the second most powerful person in ancient
Egypt. He was the pharaoh’s advisor and helped him run
the day-to-day affairs in Egypt.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
What was the double crown?
• The double crown was a symbol for the unification of
upper and lower Egypt. It combined the white crown of
Upper Egypt, which was shaped like a bowling pin with the
red crown of Lower Egypt, which was shaped like a box.
According to legend after Menes united Upper and Lower
Egypt all pharaohs wore this crown to symbolize the uniting
of the two lands upper & Lower Egypt.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
Why did Menes/Narmer and the pharaohs that followed him wear
the double crown?
• It was to symbolize the joining of the two lands Upper and
Lower Egypt into one kingdom. It showed that Egypt was now
one land ruled by one king. It also symbolized the pharaoh had
complete control over all the land.
How was uniting upper and Lower Egypt like uniting our original 13
colonies?
• Uniting upper and Lower Egypt was like uniting our 13 colonies
because in both cases independent small territories became one
large nation. By joining together they became larger and more
powerful than the individual pieces. This allowed both nations to
become dominant civilizations in their respective periods of
history.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
Why were the pharaohs of ancient Egypt so powerful?
• The pharaohs were considered to be gods on earth. The
pharaohs owned and controlled all of the land under the
sun in ancient Egypt. They were also the religious leaders
for the entire country and they controlled the military. The
people of Egypt believed that if they obeyed the pharaoh
there would be order in the universe and not chaos. In
addition they would be rewarded in the afterlife if they
served the gods and obeyed them on earth.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
Compare and contrast a pharaoh with a king
• Kings and Pharaohs were similar in that both had absolute
power and they passed their power to their sons or
daughters. Both Kings and pharaohs had court officials
who helped them make decisions and run the country. Both
were expected to protect and help their people. Pharaohs
were different because they were believed to be and
treated like gods on earth. Kings were believed to have
been chosen by God to rule the kingdom for him.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
How was the organization of the Egyptian government like that
of our government?
• Both nations/civilizations are/were so large that it is
impossible for one person to rule by themselves. Both
governments are large and are broken down into different
departments with specific roles and responsibilities. For
example in ancient Egypt the Pharaoh appointed tax
collectors. Our government created the IRS to collect taxes.
Both governments had a military to defend themselves. Each
had courts to hear and settle disputes.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
Old Kingdom
! • 2750 BC to 2260 BC
• King Menes/Narmer, Zoser, Khufu (Cheops) Sneferu,
Khafre, Menaure
• Built Great Pyramids, 360 day calendar, irrigation
systems, Sphinx is carved, Mummification of bodies,
Writing Hieroglyphs
Thursday, March 27, 2014
Middle Kingdom
! • 2061 BC to 1784 BC
! • Senusret I II III, Amenemhet I - IV
• Egypt expands into lower Nubia, first schools are built,
literature and the arts flourish, canal connected Red Sea
to Nile is constructed.
New Kingdom
! • 1570 BC to 1070 BC
• Queen Hathshepsut, Tutankhamen, Rames II, Thutmose
I – IV, Seti I Smenkhkare, Nefertiti
• Many large and beautiful temples & statues are
constructed, Egypt dominates ancient world and
expands its territories.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
1. Menes/Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt into one land.
Future pharaohs had absolute power over the land and were
religious as well as political leaders.
2. During the first 6 dynasties, which made up the Old Kingdom,
Egypt had able rulers and an efficient system of government.
3. Pharaohs built huge armies of foot soldiers, mounted
warriors, and war chariots.
4. Hatshepsut and Thutmose III were both strong rulers.
Hatshepsut preserved peace and encouraged trade. Thutmose
III led his armies as far east as the Euphrates River.
Thursday, March 27, 2014
1. Menes/Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt into one land.
Future pharaohs had absolute power over the land and were
religious as well as political leaders.
2. During the first 6 dynasties, which made up the Old Kingdom,
Egypt had able rulers and an efficient system of government.
3. Pharaohs built huge armies of foot soldiers, mounted
warriors, and war chariots.
4. Hatshepsut and Thutmose III were both strong rulers.
Hatshepsut preserved peace and encouraged trade. Thutmose
III led his armies as far east as the Euphrates River.
5. Pharaoh
6. Dynasties
7. Regent
Thursday, March 27, 2014
1. King Menes(also known as Narmer) united Upper &
Lower Egypt around 3100 B.C
.
2. A group of government officials to whom the pharaoh
delegates many responsibilities.
3. The Hyksos conquered the Egyptians ending the Middle
Kingdom.
4. Thutmose III conquered an empire for Egypt.
5. There were three classes that comprised Egyptian society.
They were the Upper class consisting of royalty, nobles, and
priests. The Middle class comprising of artisans, and
merchants. The lower class consisted mainly of farmers and
laborers. In addition there was also a slave class.
Thursday, March 27, 2014