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Use the images and information on this page to create a title page in your 2B5 science work books. Remember to colour the images in and highlight the key information. What is Weather? We live and breathe in a blanket of air known as the atmosphere. The atmosphere is constantly moving and changing all around the earth. These changes are called the weather. No matter if it's rainy, snowy, stormy, or warm and sunny, weather affects everyone all the time! That's why the science of weather, or meteorology, is so important! The sun is a fiery ball of hot, burning gases. Our sun is about 93 million miles away from earth, but we still feel it's warmth. The sun's heat brings changes in our weather. It makes clouds form that bring rain, it makes plants grow, and it warms the air that causes the wind to blow. SUN Rain is water that falls from the clouds in the sky. It is part of a continuous cycle of water that falls to the earth, and then is heated by the sun and evaporates into the air again to form clouds. RAIN Clouds that make rain are billions of tiny drops of water floating around in the air. When the tiny water droplets bump into each other, they grow bigger and heavier until they fall to the ground as rain. CLOUD THUNDERSTORM LIGHTNING TORNADOES Thunderstorms are powerful electrical storms in the atmosphere. In less than an half an hour, a single thunderstorm can drop over 100 million gallons of water and give off more electricity than is used in a large city in an entire week. The booming sound of thunder we hear in these storms is caused by very hot lightning exploding the air. Lightning is a giant spark of electricity. In the same way that magnets attract metal, lightning is attracted to the ground. Lightning is created inside thunderstorms and can become very hot. Just one lightning bolt can be 50,000 Fahrenheit . . . that's about 5 times hotter than the surface of the sun! Tornadoes are very powerful windstorms with the most destructive winds on earth. Winds in a tornado rotate violently, spinning at speeds of 100 to 300 miles per hour. Tornadoes occur all over the world, but most tornadoes strike the United States. About one-thousand tornadoes hit the United States each year, most of which happens in April, May, and June. Using the internet complete the following worksheet Google search bar type – facts on water Use some of the website to answer the following questions. 1. The water cycle has no beginning or end. True or false. 2. In order to survive all living things require water to live. True or false. 3. Everything man does is connected some how back to using water. True or false. 4. % of the Earth is covered by water. 5. % of the Earth is covered salt water. 6. % of the Earth is covered by fresh water trapped in frozen ice caps & glaciers. 7. % of the human body is water. While the brain needs 8. % is the small amount of water available for humans to use. % to work. 9. Complete the diagram, showing the three states or forms of water below by labelling points 1, 2 & 3. 1. 2. 3. Water can exist in forms or states. means that the form or state can change when heated or . 10. Use this graph to answer the following questions. a) What is the lowest temperature recorded? __________°C b) i) On which day did Wellington have its greatest temperature range? _______________ ii) What was the temperature range for Wellington on this day? __________°C c) On which day did all three cities have the least temperature range? (Circle one) Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Here are some symbols from a weather map. Draw a line from the symbol to its correct description. One description is not needed. Symbol • Description • cloudy • thunder • mainly fine • showers • rain • hail • fine • isolated showers, mainly fine • • • • • • Using weather maps. Learning outcome; I will be able to understand the symbols used in weather maps. I will be able to change written/visual information into a table format. Use the weather map below and draw up an information table to show what the weather conditions are in EVERY place noted on the map (12 places). Fill in the blanks below with words from this box: evaporation sunny precipitate evaporates clouds vapour heating heavy oceans droplets plants hail runoff snow cycle rain rivers streams condenses atmosphere lakes glaciers crystals Evaporation On a warm, __________________ day, water in a glass of water seems to slowly disappear. This is because the energy from the sun is _______________ the water up and turning the liquid water into water ______________. This process is called ___________________. When the water ________________, it becomes an invisible gas in the _____________________. Evaporation takes places all over the earth, but especially in the ________________ and ________________ where there is lots of water. Condensation As the water vapor rises, it cools off and ______________________ into water _________________. If the water vapor becomes extremely cold, it will form ice ________________ instead of water droplets. As the water droplets or ice crystals grow bigger and more numerous, they form ___________________. Precipitation If water droplets or ice crystals become too _______________, they can’t stay in the air. They _________________. Water droplets precipitate as ________________ and ice crystals precipitate as _________________. Sometimes, the rain freezes before it hits the earth and precipitates as _________________. Runoff This precipitation gathers into ________________ and _________________ that flow down to the lakes and oceans. This is called __________________. Not all of the water makes it back to the oceans and lakes right away. Some of it is used by animals and ________________. Some is frozen into ___________________. Eventually, the animals and plants breathe the water out and the glaciers melt, releasing the water back into the water _______________. Water cycle dominoes Cut the cards put along the dotted line and then match the definitions to the term. Condensation The process by which plants lose water out of their leaves and the water rises into the air as water vapour. Precipitation When water vapour turns into a liquid. When the water vapour in the air gets cold and changes back to a liquid form. Transpiration Surface water moves downhill. All water will end up in the oceans eventually. Water cycle Collection of a body of water either on the land surface or below the surface e.g. lakes, stream, seas, ponds. Run off The process by which water is always cycling around, through, and above the earth with water continually changing from liquid water to water vapour and ice. Accumulation When a liquids changes to a vapour (gas) In the water cycle the sun’s energy heats up the water changing it into water vapour. Evaporation Occurs when so much water has condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore. The clouds get heavy and the water particles fall back to the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet, or snow. Student rubric for water cycle task Indicators of student performance Expected quality Science concepts and understandings Applying understandings excellence I showed that I understand clearly what causes change of state of water; I understand clearly what happens to the water particles, and why. merit I showed that I understand most of what causes change of state of water and what happens to water particles. achieve I showed that I understand a few of the causes of change of state of water and what happens to the water particles. I explained clearly the connections between the change of state of water and the cycling of water in ecosystems. I made some connections between the change of state of water and the cycling of water in ecosystems. I made a few connections between the change of state of water and the cycling of water in ecosystems. I identified many possible I identified several I identified a few interruptions to the water possible interruptions to interruptions to the water cycle. the water cycle. cycle. Communicating information I used my own words in my presentation. I generally used my own I sometimes used my own words in my presentation. words. I expressed myself clearly. I generally expressed I sometimes expressed myself well enough for the myself clearly. visitors to understand. I used science words appropriately and correctly throughout. I generally used the science I used a few science words words appropriately. in my presentation.