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Introduction toWrd Parts and Word
The Integumentary System
Lesson Plan
Chapter 5
Lesson 5 Learning Objectives
1. Define the word parts used to create medical terms of the integumentary system.
2. Break down and define common medical terms used for symptoms, diseases, disorders, procedures, treatments, and
devices associated with the integumentary system.
3. Build medical terms from the word parts associated with the integumentary system.
4. Pronounce and spell common medical terms associated with the integumentary system.
Learning Concepts for Lecture
Teaching Notes
Objective
LO 1
Define the word parts used to create medical terms of the integumentary system.
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Teaching Tips
The purpose of the skin is to:
1. Provide a physical barrier that protects against loss of body fluids, damage due to physical
injury or ultraviolet light, and invasion of microorganisms
2. Help regulate body temperature
3. House sensory receptors that provide information about the outside environment—
temperature, touch, pain, and pressure
4. Secrete fluids
• Say each term in class, and
have the students repeat the
terms out loud.
• Make abbreviation flash
cards. Shuffle and place
them facedown on a table.
Have students randomly
make selections and provide the class with the
meaning.
Teaching Tips
Use anatomical charts and models to illustrate features of the
skin as they relate to function.
Classroom Activities
Review the anatomy of the skin
by dissecting a simulated cross
section of it. Make a layered
dessert (made of gelatin, pudding, whipped cream, etc.). Represent each layer of skin with a
different layer of food. Use a
variety of mix-ins to represent
some of the smaller structures in
the skin (licorice for hair/hair
follicles or blood vessels, grapes
for sweat/sebaceous glands,
etc.). Serve each student a slice,
and provide a “legend” of what
each layer/mix-in represents.
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Ask students to locate various
structures in their “specimen.”
Ask them to reflect on which
layers of the skin are internal/external and which layers
contain most of the “working
parts” of the skin (like sweat
glands, sebaceous glands, blood
vessels). When the dissection is
complete, you can eat up! You
could also have students make
their own models of the skin using food items or modeling
dough.
Visual Learners
Visual learners will benefit from
watching an animation of integumentary repair.
Critical Thinking Questions
1. Explain why people get
“gooseflesh.”
2. Why do you think a burn on
the skin, even a superficial
one, can be so dangerous?
3. If ultraviolet light is dangerous to the health of skin,
why do you think people do
tanning?
Homework Assignments
Study the pronunciation for
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medical terms in this chapter in
the:
• Text in parentheses following the term
• Glossary at Medical Terminology Interactive
LO 2
Break down and define common medical terms used for symptoms, diseases, disorders,
procedures, treatments, and devices associated with the integumentary system.
Word Root/Combining Vowel
Definition
actin/o
radiation
aden/o
gland
albin/o
white
carcin/o
cancer
cellul/o
little cell
chym/o
juice
crypt/o
hidden
derm/o, dermat/o
skin
follicul/o
follicle
kerat/o
horny tissue
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
myc/o
fungus
onych/o
nail
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Teaching Tips
• Say each new term in class,
and have the students repeat it.
• Stress the importance of
using instructional aids to
practice pronunciation.
Did You Know?
Dermis comes from a Greek
word meaning “skin.”
Collagen comes from a Greek
word meaning “glue.”
Teaching Tips
 Encourage/remind students
to add new word parts to
flash cards.
 Emphasize that it is more
important to memorize
word parts than individual
terms because many important terms can easily be
pedicul/o
body louse
seb/o
sebum, oil
scler/o
hard
trich/o
hair
xer/o
dry
defined by just breaking
them down.
Teaching Tips
 Reinforce how the meaning
of unfamiliar medical terms
can be figured out by simple translation of familiar
word parts.
 Write sentences on the
board using common
words. Have students substitute correct medical
terms.
 Emphasize to students the
importance of correctly
spelling terms and how
sounding out terms can assist in learning how to spell
them.
Classroom Activities
Ask the students to practice saying each word. The use of a
medical dictionary in French,
Spanish, and German can be
very helpful in the translation of
new terms.
Classroom Activities
 Medical Terminology Bee
Create PowerPoint flash
cards of new combining
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forms and suffixes presented
in this chapter. Have all
students stand, and ask one to
define the word part. If the
student is correct, he/she
remains standing. If the
student is wrong, he/she sits
down. Continue until only
one student is standing.
Did You Know?
Integument means “something
that covers or encloses.” When
all the fields around lay bound
and hoar, Beneath a thick integument of snow. — Henry David
Thoreau (1817–1862), U.S. author.
Did You Know?
 Elephants are sometimes
referred to as pachyderms because of their
thick skin.

Every minute you shed
between 30,000 and
40,000 dead skin cells.
Critical Thinking Questions
1. How do you know when it is
time to seek medical advice
about a mark or lesion on the
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skin?
2. What impact does the sun
have on the development of skin
cancer?
3. What would you recommend
to another person about protecting the skin from skin cancer?
4. Explain why the skin is an
organ of the body.
5. Describe the type of person
who is more likely to suffer from
skin cancer.
6. Is it true the hair grows faster
after it has been cut? Why or
why not?
Homework Assignments
Have students complete the
Phonetic Spelling Challenge and
the Spelling Challenge associated with this chapter.
Study the pronunciation for
medical terms in this chapter in
the:
• Text in parentheses following the term
• Glossary at Medical Terminology Interactive
LO 3
Build medical terms from the word parts associated with the integumentary system.
Teaching Tips
• Invite a wound care nurse
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to speak to the class.
Signs and Symptoms
• At the beginning of the lesson, see how many accessory organs of the skin students can name.
Medical Term
Definition
abrasion
a skin wound caused by scraping
abscess
a collection of pus from a localized infection
alopecia
a loss or lack of scalp hair; also called “baldness”
Classroom Activities
cellulite
a local uneven surface of the skin caused by fat deposition, usually in
the thighs and buttocks
Have the students construct sentences using abbreviations.
cicatrix
a scar
Abbreviation
Definition
comedo
an elevated lesion formed from the buildup of sebum and keratin; also
called a pimple
BCC
basal cell carc
bx
biopsy
contusion
an injury to the skin or deeper tissue causing discoloration and swelling without breaking the skin surface; also called a bruise
SLE
systemic lupu
cyanosis
a blue tinge of color to an area of the skin
SqCCa
squamous cel
cyst
a closed sac or pouch containing fluid
TBSA
total body sur
edema
swelling caused by accumulation of fluid
erythema
a general term for redness of the skin
fissure
a narrow break or slit in the skin
furuncle
a localized skin infection originating from a hair follicle
induration
the formation of a local hard area on the skin or elsewhere
jaundice
an abnormal yellow coloring of the skin; also called xanthoderma
keloid
an overgrowth of scar tissue
laceration
a torn or jagged wound
lesion
a change in tissue due to disease or injury
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Did You Know?
Cyst comes from a Greek word
meaning “bladder” or “fluidfilled sac.”
Did You Know?
Erythema is a Greek word meaning “flushed skin.”
Visual/Verbal Learners
Show images of skin diseases
and have students describe exactly what they see (blisters,
macule
a discolored flat spot, such as a freckle
nevus
a circumscribed pigmented area, a mole, or a birthmark; the plural
form is nevi
pallor
abnormal lack of skin color; paleness
papule
a small, solid, circumscribed skin elevation
petechia
pinpoint skin hemorrhage; the plural form is petechiae
pruritis
a symptom of itching
purpura
a purple-red discoloration resulting from hemorrhage into the skin
pustule
a small, circumscribed skin elevation that contains pus
ulcer
an eroded lesion of the skin or mucous membrane
urticaria
skin eruption, usually caused by an allergic reaction to food, infection,
or injury; also called hives
verruca
a small, circumscribed skin elevation caused by a virus; also called a
wart
vesicle
small elevation of the epidermis that contains fluid; also called a blister
wheal
a temporary, itchy elevation of the skin, usually with a white center
and red perimeter; also called a welt
Diseases and Disorders
Prefix
Definition
Combining Form
Definition
Suffix
Definition
ec-
out, outside
aden/o
gland
-a
singular
actin/o
radiation
albin/o
white
-ia
condition of
par-
alongside,
abnormal
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spots, bumps, etc.). Then challenge them to translate their observations into medical terminology.
Visual Learners
 Visual learners will benefit
from watching videos on the
topics of skin cancer and eczema.
 Visual learners will benefit
from watching a video on the
topic of acne.
 Visual learners will benefit
from watching a video on the
topic of decubitus ulcers.
Classroom Activities
 Select two students to do 5minute presentations of
their Internet research in
class.
Visual Learners
Show images for as many skin
disorders as possible. Encourage
students to visualize disorders as
they memorize them. Suggest
the use of online search engines
to call up images during home
study, and ask students to consider using such images when
carcin/o
cancer
-ic
cellul/o
small cell
-ism
chym/o
juice
-itis
making flash cards. The gorier
the picture, the better the term
condition or disease will stick!
inflammation
crypt/o
hidden
-malacia
softening
derm/o, dermat/o
skin
-oma
tumor
follicul/o
small follicle
-osis
condition of
hidr/o
sweat
-pathy
disease
kerat/o
horny tissue
-rrhea
discharge
leuk/o
white
melan/o
black
myc/o
fungus
onych/o
nail
pedicul/o
body louse
scler/o
hard
trich/o
hair
xer/o
dry
pertaining to
Medical Term
Definition
acne
an inflammatory eruption of the skin caused by bacterial infection
of sebaceous glands and ducts
actinic keratosis
a precancerous skin condition caused by exposure to sunlight; it is
marked by overgrowth of the outer epidermal layer
albinism
a genetic condition characterized by the lack of production of melanin; an individual with this condition is referred to as an albino
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Did You Know?
• People of African or Asian
descent are more likely to
get keloids than are people
with lighter skin. (In this
respect, keloids are exactly
the opposite of most skin
cancers, which tend to occur in light-skinned people
and not people of color.)
• All decubitus ulcers have a
course of injury similar to a
burn wound. This can be
from a mild redness of the
skin and/or blistering, such
as a first-degree burn, to a
deep open wound with
blackened tissue, as in a
third-degree burn. This
blackened tissue is called
eschar. Seborrheic dermatitis is a common disease that
affects 2% to 4% of the
general population. However, up to 85% of HIVinfected people experience
seborrheic dermatitis at
some time after they acquire the infection. The
cause of seborrheic dermatitis is unknown, but many
investigators believe the
yeast Pityrosporum ovale
plays a role in the disease.
alopecia
a loss or lack of scalp hair; also known as baldness
basal cell carcinoma
a tumor arising from the epithelium of the epidermis; it can spread
locally if not treated, but seldom metastasizes
burn
an injury to the skin caused by excessive exposure to fire, electricity, chemicals, or sunlight
carbuncle
a skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococci bacteria
cellulitis
inflammation of connective tissue (in the dermis) caused by infection
decubitus ulcer
a skin sore caused by pressure or immobility while lying down; also
called a bedsore
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
ecchymosis
a purplish patch on the skin caused by leaking blood vessels
eczema
an inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters,
scaling, and sensations of itching and burning
herpes
a skin eruption characterized by clusters of deep blisters that appear
periodically; there are many variations, all of which are caused by
members of the virus family herpesvirus
hidradenitis
inflammation of a sweat gland
impetigo
contagious skin infection characterized by blisters that later erupt to
Classroom Activities
form a yellowish crust
 Guest speaker: Invite a dera form of skin cancer characterized by the formation of purple or
matologist or plastic surgeon
brown patches on the feet that spread by way of lymphatics; interto describe their practice to
preted as a sign of AIDS
the class. Surgeons who volabnormally light-colored skin
unteer to help children with
birth defects such as cleft
a malignant skin tumor that arises from melanocytes
palate would be especially in-
Kaposi’s sarcoma
leukoderma
melanoma
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• Kaposi’s sarcoma, or KS, is
a type of cancer that men
with AIDS might develop.
It is rarely seen in women.
 A superficial infection of
axillary and pubic hairs that
results in adherent yellow,
black, or red concretions
surrounding the hair shaft is
often caused by grampositive corynebacteria.
The usually asymptomatic
infection occurs in both
temperate and tropical climates and is not limited by
race or sex.
onychocryptosis
an ingrown nail (abnormally buried in skin)
onychomalacia
softening of the nails
teresting and inspirational to
students.
Critical Thinking Questions
1. Would it ever be suffiparonychia
infection around the nail
cient to document that a
patient has a “rash” in
pediculosis
infestation of the hair and skin with lice
the medical record withpsoriasis
a chronic skin condition characterized by red lesions covered with
out further explanation?
silvery scales
Why or why not?
scabies
skin eruption caused by the female itch mite, which burrows into
2. Can you think of some
the skin to extract blood; this disorder causes mild dermatitis
skin conditions that suggest problems with body
scleroderma
thickening of the skin caused by swelling and thickening of fibrous
systems other than the
connective tissue
integumentary system?
squamous cell carcinoma a skin cancer arising from the epidermis, it usually appears as a
What are they? What
firm, red elevation with scales; it grows relatively slowly, but is camight be some adpable of metastasis in its later stages
vantages of using the
skin to help diagnose
systemic lupus erythema- a chronic inflammatory disease of connective tissue affecting the
systemic disease?
tosus
skin and many other organs; its early stages are characterized by red
patches on the face and joint pain; commonly called lupus
3. An elderly woman artinea
a fungal infection of the skin; also called ringworm
rives at the clinic and is
transported in a wheeltrichomycosis
fungus on the hair surface
chair by her daughter,
xeroderma
abnormally dry skin
who is her caretaker. On
examination, you find a
Treatments, Procedures, and Devices
large stage III decubitus
ulcer on the patient’s hip.
Prefix
Combining Form Definition
Suffix
Definition
What causes decubitus
(none)
abras/o
to rub away
-ectomy
surgical removal
ulcers to form, and what
aut/o
self
-ion
process
does this suggest about
the quality of care this
onychomycosis
fungal infection of the nails
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derm/o, dermat/o
skin
-plasty
surgical repair
rhytid/o
wrinkle
-tome
a cutting instrument
Medical Term Definition
biopsy
surgical removal of tissue for evaluation
debridement
removal of diseased or dead tissue and foreign matter from a wound
dermabrasion
removal of skin scars with abrasives, such as sandpaper
dermatoautoplasty
surgical repair using the patient’s skin for skin graft; also called autograft
Homework Assignments
Have students complete the
Word Search Exercise associated with this chapter.
Study the pronunciation for
medical terms in this chapter in
the:
dermatoplasty
surgical repair using a skin source other than that of the patient for a skin • Text in parentheses following the term
graft; also called allograft
• Glossary at Medical Teran instrument used to cut skin
minology Interactive
surgical repair of the skin
emollient
an agent that softens or smoothes the skin
rhytidectomy
excision of wrinkles
rhytidoplasty
surgical repair of wrinkles
dermatoheteroplasty
dermatome
LO 4
patient has been receiving?
Pronounce and spell common medical terms associated with the integumentary system. Teaching Tips
• Say each term in class, and
have the students repeat the
terms out loud.
• Make abbreviation flash
cards. Shuffle and place
them facedown on a table.
Have students randomly
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make selections and provide the class with the
meaning.
Classroom Activities
• Divide students into two
groups, and have them discuss the pros and cons of
face-lifts for cosmetic reasons.
• List the different types of
hair loss, and give a short
explanation of each.
• Find out the meaning of
“fifth disease.”
• Determine the differences
between acute and chronic
urticaria, and give the causes of each type.
• Discuss the abnormalities
associated with AIDS and
how they physically affect
the patient.
• Go to the Facial Plastic
Surgery Network Website,
and learn about the different types of procedures
used in face-lifts.
Did You Know?
We have approximately five mil©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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lion hairs on our body. Of these,
about 150,000 (more if you’re
blond, less if you’re a redhead)
are found on our scalp. The only
parts of our body where there are
no hair follicles are the palms of
the hands, soles of the feet, lips,
tip of the penis, clitoris, and labia minora.
Homework Assignments
• Have students complete the
Dictation Report Exercise
associated with this chapter.
• Have students complete the
True/False, Fill in the
Blank, and Short Answer
Exercises associated with
this chapter.
• Have students complete the
Abbreviation Matchup Exercise associated with this
chapter.
• Have students investigate
how the cosmetic industry
incorporates medical terminology into the marketing
of its products by reading
the labels on shampoo,
cosmetics, nail products,
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and so forth.
• Have the students watch a
“makeover” show and write
down all the terms relating
to the integumentary system, with their corresponding definitions.
• Have the students find an
article from the popular
press that deals with controversial cosmetic skin
procedures.
Study the pronunciation for
medical terms in this chapter in
the:
• Text in parentheses following the term
• Glossary at Medical Terminology Interactive
Worksheets
Worksheet 1: Chapter Review
Worksheet 2: Dictation Report
Worksheet 3: Word Surgery
Worksheet 4: Case Study
Worksheet 5: Medical Report
Analysis
Worksheet 6: Which Term Does
Not Belong?
Worksheet 7: Labeling
Worksheet 8: Key Terms
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Double Check
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Wingerd Lesson Plans for Medical Terminology Complete!, 2/e
©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Wingerd Lesson Plans for Medical Terminology Complete!, 2/e