Download Normal Physiology Normal Physiology Specialty 7.1101067 "Dentist

Normal Physiology Normal Physiology Specialty 7.1101067 "Dentist" 2 Year of study
Module 1. Nerve and humoral regulation of body functions.Physiology of blood. Physiology
of cardio-respiratory system
1.
What hormone is secreted in the moment of sudden nervous overstrain (for
example fear) in large quantity and can cause appearance of goose skin or raising of hair?
A.
Adrenalin
B.
Aldosteron
C.
Natrium-uretic
D.
Calcitonin
E.
Melanotropin
ANSWER: D
2.
A patient complains on the excretion of a plenty amount of urine for a day long. It
is found, that urine has a low relative density. Insufficiency of what hormones can cause
polyuria?
A.
Antidiuretic
B.
Somatotropic
C.
Adrenalin
D.
Insulin
E.
Aldosteron
ANSWER: A
3.
What reaction in the organism of man is caused by processes which lower
concentration of glucose in a blood?
A.
Increased synthesis of insulin by the beta-cells of pancreas
B.
Increased synthesis of the glucagon by alpha-cells of pancreas
C.
Decreased synthesis of glucagon by alpha-cells of pancreas
D.
Decrease of synthesis of somatostatin by delta-cells of pancreas
E.
Increase of synthesis of somatostatin by delta-cells of pancreas
ANSWER: B
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
An increase in the plasma concentration of a hormone-binding protein would:
decrease the response to the hormone
increase the response to the hormone
decrease the concentration of free hormone
increase the concentration of free hormone
decrease the secretion of the hormone from the endocrine tissue
ANSWER: A
5.
At a 40 year old woman during the examination doctors exposed promoted
level of basic exchange, that is the result of surplus secretion of triiodthyronine. Action of which
from the resulted hormones can cause this state?
A.
Gonadotropin
B.
Thyreotropin.
C.
Glucagon.
D.
Aldosteron
E.
Somatostatin
ANSWER: B
6.
A man took a rest on a warm sunny day with a medicometeorologic situation
of I type. He felt an emotional comfort, emotions of rest, pleasure, cheerfulness. What structure
of brain products such mediators that predetermine the such physiological state?
A.
Thoracic department of spinal cord.
B.
Precentral gyrus.
C.
Hypothalamus.
D.
Black matter.
E.
Large Tent.
ANSWER: C
7.
A 32 year old woman appealed to the doctor with complaints on involuntary
contractions of muscles in the area of angle of mouth, and also tension of the second and third
fingers. This state is especially burdened in an autumn-winter period. Following the first-aid the
disorders are fixed by the intravenal injection of calcium chloride. This state is linked to
violation of production of:
A.
Thymus.
B.
Thyroid gland.
C.
Cortical matter of suprarenal gland.
D.
Pancreas.
E.
Parathyroid glands.
ANSWER: E
8.
A 52 year old patient feels numbnesses of extremities, paraestesia, that
appeared soon after the surgery of thyroid gland ectomia, hypocalciumemia is diagnosed. What
hormonal medicine doctors should prescribe?
A.
Triiodthyronin.
B.
Thyreoidin.
C.
Calcitrin.
D.
Thyroxin.
E.
Parathyreoid hormone.
ANSWER: E
9.
A young woman appealed to endocrinologist with complaints about a
somnolence, depression, rapid fatigueability, loss of appetite and simultaneous gain in weight of
body. Violation of function of what endocrine gland can cause such changes?
A.
Cortical matters of suprarenal glands.
B.
Pancreas.
C.
Thyroid.
D.
Medullar matter of adrenal glands.
E.
Ovaries.
ANSWER: C
10.
A patient complains on the excretion of a plenty amount of urine for a day
long. It is found, that urine has a low relative density. Insufficiency of what hormones can cause
polyuria?
A.
Antidiuretic.
B.
Somatotropic.
C.
Adrenalin.
D.
Insulin.
E.
Aldosteron.
ANSWER: A
11.
Young man runs by legs upsteirs to 16th floor. What regulatory system
provides his high workability?
A.
Somatic system
B.
Sympathetic nerves
C.
Parasympathetic nerves
D.
Hypofisial and adrenal glands
E.
Insulin production
ANSWER: B
12.
Sprinter runs long distance at competitions. What regulatory system provide
his high workability?
A.
Somatic system
B.
Sympathetic nerves
C.
Parasympathetic nerves
D.
Hypofisial and adrenal glands
E.
Insulin production
ANSWER: D
13.
Man 50 years old have not done exercises many times before and is healthy.
At the next day after performing some prolonged physical work at home he felt pain in skeletal
muscles and general decrease of activity. What functional mechanisms cause decrease of work
capability?
A.
Excessive inhibition in reticular formation
B.
General decrease of metabolic and functional reserves
C.
General increase of sympathetic tone.
D.
Excitation in central nervous system
E.
Prevail of catabolic processes in the body
ANSWER: B
14.
Patient 52 years old has headache, dizziness, heard breathing. Anemia was
revealed. What plasma protein deficiency causes this?
A.
Transferin
B.
Ceruloplasmin
C.
Albumines
D.
Gama-globulines
E.
Fetoprotein
ANSWER: A
15.
Persons working at conveyor through 5 years perform their work easier then
new workers performing similar operations. What functional peculiarity explains this?
A.
Automation of skilled movement
B.
Adapting to new situation
C.
Training of certain muscles
D.
Formation of acceptor of the action result
E.
Formation of social motivation
ANSWER: A
16.
Boy, who performs regular physical training and attends swimming pool,
catch cool less often comparing to his friend, who doesn't like sports. What functional processes
cause higher resistance of sportsman?
A.
Cross-adaptation
B.
Young age
C.
Readaptation
D.
Atonia
E.
Neither
ANSWER: A
17.
Patient with insufficient breathing function change his occupation to place in
high altitude. After year his respiratory function gets better. What mechanism may cause it?
A.
Adaptation
B.
Low temperature of surrounding
C.
Low temperature of surrounding
D.
Avoiding mental pressure
E.
Removing physical load
ANSWER: A
18.
Sportsman before start at competition gets increased heartbeat rate and
arterial pressure. What is level of control of this reaction in the central nervous system?
A.
Cerebral cortex
B.
Medulla oblongata
C.
Midbrain
D.
Diencephalon
E.
Basal ganglia
ANSWER: A
19.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Patient looses touch sensation of V finger. What nerve is injured?
Cubital
Medial
Radial
Musculo-cutaneal
Lateral
ANSWER: A
20.
Patient after trauma with injure of the brain can not recognize moving object
on the skin. What cortical area is desturbed?
A.
Postcentral gyrus
B.
Occipital lobe
C.
Temporal cortex
D.
Frontal cortex
E.
Precentral gyrus
ANSWER: A
21.
Doctor gives anesthesia for performing surgical operation at left arm of the
patient. What nerve structure necessary to inhibit?
A.
Skin application of anesthetic
B.
Injection of anesthetic upper the level of injure
C.
Lumbal anesthesia
D.
General narcosis
E.
Psychotherapy
ANSWER: B
22.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
What metabolic process provides energy for sprinter to run first 1 hour?
ATP decomposition
ATP resynthesis due to phosfocreatin
Anaerobic glycolisis
Anaerobic glycolisis
Anaerobic glycolisis
ANSWER: B
23.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
What metabolic process provides energy for sprinter to run first 1 min?
ATP decomposition
ATP resynthesis due to phosfocreatin
Anaerobic glycolisis
Oxidative phosforilation
Resynthesis of glicogene
ANSWER: C
24.
Which of the following is true about the synaptic channels on the endplate of
skeletal muscle?
A.
They are highly selective for Na+
B.
They are opened when the cell membrane depolarizes
C.
They are activated by acetylcholine
D.
They are inhibited by atropine
E.
They are responsible for the relative refractory period
ANSWER: C
25.
What metabolic process provides essential energy for muscles of sportsmen, who
needs to jump at the start in to swimming pool farther then other sportsmen?
A.
ATP decomposition
B.
ATP synthesis due to phosfocreatin
C.
Anaerobic glycolisis
D.
Oxidative phosforilation
E.
Resynthesis of glicogene
ANSWER: A
26.
In course of performing morning exercises a man gets increase of metabolic rate.
This is result of:
A.
Excitation
B.
Inhibition
C.
Rest condition
D.
Occlusion
E.
Conditioned reflex
ANSWER: A
27.
In a nerve axon, which phase of the action potential is caused by the inactivation
of the Na+ channels?
A.
Upstroke
B.
Increase of heart beat rate
C.
Downstroke
D.
Undershoot
E.
Relative refractory period
ANSWER: B
28.
After long lasting training sportsman get tired. He changes kind of training and his
workability was restored. What link of reflex arc gets tired the first?
A.
Nerve centers
B.
Afferent link
C.
Receptors
D.
Efferent link
E.
Muscle fibers
ANSWER: A
29.
What process, when performing mental work, the central nervous system activity
is directed to?
A.
Situation caused afferentation and trigger stimulus
B.
Formation of dominant motivation and mobilizing memory traces
C.
Formation of acceptor of the action res
D.
Autonomic stimulation
E.
Formation of social motivation
ANSWER: C
30.
In solution surrounding a nervous fiber, multiplied concentration of ions of
potassium. Hereupon on a cage develops:
A.
Depolarization
B.
Hyperpolarization
C.
Track hyperpolarization
D.
Track depolarization
E.
Action potential
ANSWER: B
31.
Oxygen capacity of blood in fetus more, than in newborn. It depend on increase
content of:
A.
HbF
B.
HbA.
C.
HbCO2.
D.
HbCO.
E.
MetHb.
ANSWER: A
32.
Patient Z., 32 years old, entered to hospital with complaints on temperature
increase, catch cold. What is the average level of hemoglobin in one erythrocyte she has?
A.
26-33 pg.
B.
40-48 %.
C.
80-100 мkм3.
D.
120-140 g/l.
E.
192-232 g/l.
ANSWER: A
33.
Chemical substances, which enter into human body, cause moving activity of
leukocytes. This phenomenon is called:
A.
Chemotropism.
B.
Diapedesis.
C.
Chemotaxis.
D.
Hydrotropism.
E.
Infiltration.
ANSWER: C
34.
Cells are reacted with foreign antigens, take place in cells' immunity reactions,
have functions of immunity system regulation and increase production of immunoglobulins by
another cells, which are provide humoral immunity. About which cell are description?
A.
В-lymphocytes
B.
Т-lymphocytes (helpers).
C.
Т- lymphocytes (killers).
D.
Т- lymphocytes (suppressors).
E.
Т- lymphocytes (memory).
ANSWER: A
35.
One of the main enzymes of saliva, which killed bacteria is:
A.
Lysocime.
B.
Aspartate aminotranspherase.
C.
Acid phosphatase
D.
Base phosphatase
E.
Lactate dehydrogenase
ANSWER: A
36.
During investigation of pharmacological drug doctor determine it influence on
osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. Maximal resistance of erythrocytes was 0,35 % NaCl. What
is the maximal erythrocytes resistance of fresh blood in norm?
A.
0,34-0,32 % NaCl.
B.
0,40-0,15 % NaCl.
C.
0,50-0,45 % NaCl.
D.
0,60-0,45 % NaCl.
E.
0,70-0,60 % NaCl.
ANSWER: A
37.
In neutrophils are secreted some substances. Which of them have influence on
viruses?
A.
Lysozyme.
B.
Phagocytin
C.
Myeloperoxydase.
D.
Hydrolase.
E.
Interferon.
ANSWER: E
38.
During which condition increase leukopoiesis?
A.
During emotions
B.
During pregnancy
C.
During physical load
D.
During stress reaction
E.
After eating
ANSWER: B
39.
There are two ways of fibrinolysis activation. Which factors activates inner
mechanism of fibrinolysis activity?
A.
ХІІІ.
B.
ХІІ.
C.
Х.
D.
V.
E.
IV.
ANSWER: B
40.
During fibrin splitting produced enzymes. What is it name?
A.
Kininogen.
B.
Prekallikrein.
C.
Plasmin.
D.
Kristmas factor.
E.
Stuart-Prawer factor.
ANSWER: C
41.
There are primary and secondary anticoagulants. Which factor is not the primary
anticoagulant?
A.
Antithromboplastin.
B.
Antithrombin-І.
C.
Antithrombin-ІІІ.
D.
Heparin.
E.
Antitripsin.
ANSWER: B
42.
Determination of blood type by help of tests-reagents in patient has positive
reaction of agglutination with reagents anti-B and anti-D. What is patient blood type?
A.
0 (I) Rh+.
B.
А(II) Rh+.
C.
A (II) Rh-.
D.
В(III) Rh+.
E.
В(III) Rh-.
ANSWER: D
43.
Some procoagulants during blood clotting get anticoagulative properties. What is
the strongest substance with that properties?
A.
Antithrombin-ІІІ.
B.
Heparin.
C.
Plasminogen.
D.
Fibrinogen.
E.
Fibrin.
ANSWER: E
44.
Determining of blood type of patient B. by help of standard hem agglutinated
serum give positive reaction of agglutination with serums of I, III groups of both series. What is
the group of this patient?
A.
0 (I) ab
B.
А(II) ?
C.
В (ІII) a.
D.
АВ(IV).
E.
All answers are wrong
ANSWER: B
45.
Antithrombin-ІІІ - is the strongest universal primary anticoagulant. Which cells
are produce antithrombin-III?
A.
Endotheliocytes.
B.
Epitheliocytes.
C.
Leukocytes.
D.
Erythrocytes.
E.
Platelets.
ANSWER: A
46.
Except plasmin way of fibrin transforming, it is; also transformed by nonplasmin
way. What cells take place at that process?
A.
Endotheliocytes.
B.
Platelets.
C.
Leukocytes.
D.
Erythrocytes.
E.
Monocytes.
ANSWER: C
47.
Main stimulation of external fibrinolysis mechanism are protein activators of
plasminogen. Where are they synthesized?
A.
Blood plasma.
B.
Vessel wall.
C.
Platelets.
D.
Leukocytes.
E.
Erythrocytes.
ANSWER: B
48.
Heparin is anticoagulant, which does not act on clotting factors directly. It
activates production of complexes (clotting factor and protein). Which plasma protein take place
in this case?
A.
Albumin.
B.
Fibrinogen.
C.
Prothrombin.
D.
Antithrombin III.
E.
Convertin.
ANSWER: D
49.
There are 2 mechanisms of plasminogen activity. What is the beginning of inner
mechanism of plasminogen activity?
A.
Kininogen.
B.
Prekallikrein.
C.
Ca2+.
D.
ХІІ factor.
E.
ХІІа factor.
ANSWER: E
50.
After antibiotic course patient has problem with blood clotting. What is the cause
of that?
A.
Less synthesis of vitamin K.
B.
Less synthesis of VIII factor.
C.
Less synthesis of IX factor.
D.
Less synthesis of XI factor.
E.
Less synthesis of XIII factor.
ANSWER: A
51.
In basophiles granular are present heparin. Which anticlotting factor activity is
increase by help of heparin?
A.
Аntithombin І.
B.
Аntithombin ІІІ.
C.
Prothrombin.
D.
Fibrinogen.
E.
Fibrin.
ANSWER: B
52.
Patient had transplantation of heart from donor. During this process main role has
main complex of histocompatibility:
A.
AB0
B.
Rh
C.
HLA
D.
CD
E.
MN.
ANSWER: C
53.
Proteolitic enzyme plasmin produced during fibrin splitting. What is a place of
plasmin action?
A.
Blood plasma.
B.
Platelets.
C.
Endotheliocytes.
D.
Smooth muscles.
E.
Blood clot.
ANSWER: E
54.
Coagulogramm can determine time of blood clotting. What is the time of venous
blood clotting in norm?
A.
Not more than 3 minutes.
B.
3-5 minutes
C.
5-10 minutes
D.
8-10 minutes
E.
10-12 minutes
ANSWER: C
55.
During determining the blood clotting it turned out that thrombotest is equals VI
degree. Is it at norm and what is the norm of thrombotest?
A.
No, IІ-ІІІ degree.
B.
Yes, ІІІ-V degree.
C.
Yes, IV-VI degree
D.
Yes, V-VIІ degree
E.
No, IХ-ХІІ degree
ANSWER: C
56.
Functional-structure components of hemostasis system are:
A.
Wall of blood vessels, blood cells, factors of blood plasma
B.
Endotheliocytes, blood cells, factors of blood plasma
C.
Wall of blood vessels, platelets, factors of blood plasma
D.
Endotheliocytes, platelets, factors of blood plasma
E.
Wall of blood vessels, leukocytes, platelets, factors of blood plasma
ANSWER: A
57.
In patient А. was determined hematocrit. What is the value of hematocrit in male
in norm?
A.
0,33-0,39 l/l
B.
0,36-0,42 l/l.
C.
0,38-0,50 l/l.
D.
0,40-0,48 l/l.
E.
0,45-0,65 l/l
ANSWER: D
58.
At inspected, 36 years patient-female, number of red blood cells is 4,0 T/l. Which
hormone inhibit erythropoiesis?
A.
ACTH
B.
Glukocorticoids
C.
Catecholamine.
D.
Androgens
E.
Estrogens
ANSWER: E
59.
After hard physical work of patient, nurse took blood for analyses. Which quantity
of cells was increase?
A.
Plateletes.
B.
Monocytes.
C.
Lymphocytes.
D.
Erythrocytes
E.
Neutrophils.
ANSWER: D
60.
Newborn P., 21 day old. What is the place of blood poiesis after birth of healthy
newborn?
A.
Spleen
B.
Liver
C.
Red bone marrow
D.
Liver, spleen
E.
Red bone marrow, liver
ANSWER: C
61.
It is known, that a QRS complex represents the process of distribution of
depolarization wave on right and left ventricles. Excitation of what area of ventricles is
characterized by the R indent?
A. Superior and middle third of an interventricular septum
B. Middle and inferior third of an interventricular septum
C. Superior third of an interventricular septum
D. Basal departments of the heart
E. lateral walls of heart
ANSWER: E
62.
During the examination, the rise of systolic pressure was found in a 45 years old
patient. Exceeding of what level of pressure testifies it?
A. 129 mm Hg
B. 139 mm Hg
C. 149 mm Hg
D. 159 mm Hg
E. 130 mm Hg
ANSWER: B
63.
What direction does the repolarization wave in the myocardium of ventricles
have?
A. From epicardium to endocardium
B. From endocardium to epicardium
C. Along endocardial layers
D. Along epicardial layers
E. From the apex to the lateral walls of the heart
ANSWER: A
64.
A 48 years old patient suffers the bronchial asthma. In the II standard lead, the
duration of the P wave makes 0.14 seconds. What is the normal duration of this wave?
A. Up to 0,15 sec
B. Up to 0,03 sec
C. Up to 0,1 sec
D. Up to 0,12 sec
E. Up to 0,24 sec
ANSWER: C
65.
During registration of the ECG in V1 lead, an active electrode was set on the
patient in II intercostal region to the left of breastbone(sternum),that is not correct. Where is an
electrode supposed to be placed in this case?
A. In II intercostal region to the right of breastbone
B. In IV intercostal region to the right of breastbone
C. In IV intercostal region on the left of breastbone
D. In V intercostal region on the left medio-clavicular line
E. In V intercostal region on the left anterior axillary line
ANSWER: B
66.
A 60 year old patient M. had an acute heart attack. The cardiogram in I, II
standard and V4-V6 chest leads show the deep and wide wave Q. What is the normal amplitude
of the Q wave?
A. Up to 5 % of the amplitude of R wave
B. Up to 15 % of the amplitude of R wave
C. Up to 25 % of the amplitude of R wave
D. Up to 15 % of the amplitude of S wave
E. Up to 25 % of the amplitude of S wave
ANSWER: C
67.
A 62 years old patient has pathology of the coronary blood circulation. The I, II
standard and the V3-V4 leads show the negative T wave. Normally, it has to be negative only in
one lead. What is this lead?
A. aVF
B. aVR
C. aVL
D. ІІІ standard
E. V1.
ANSWER: B
68.
Doctors have identified the maximal amplitude of the R wave in V6 lead of the 38
years old man. In what chest lead its amplitude is the greatest?
A. V1
B. V2
C. V3
D. V4
E. V5
ANSWER: D
69.
During registration of the ECG in V4 lead, an active electrode was set on the
patient in IV intercostal region on the left parasternal line, that is not correct. Where is an
electrode supposed to be placed in this case
A. In V intercostal region on the left medium axillary line
B. In IV intercostal region to the left of breastbone
C. In IV intercostal region to the right of breastbone
D. In V intercostal region on the left anterior axillary line
E. In V intercostal region on the left medio-clavicular line
ANSWER: E
70.
During registration of the ECG in V6 lead, an active electrode was set on the
patient in the point where the left V cost (rib) attaches to the breastbone(sternum), that is not
correct. Where is an electrode supposed to be placed in this case?
A. In V intercostal region on the left medium axillary line
B. In V intercostal region on the left anterior axillary line
C. In IV intercostal region on the left of breastbone
D. In V intercostal region on the left medio-clavicular line
E. In the place of attachment of the right V rib to the breastbone
ANSWER: A
71.
Before registering an ECG, the calibration signal must be recorded first. What is
the value of the standard calibration signal in the electrocardiographs?
A. 0,1 mV
B. 0,01 mV
C. 1,0 mV
D. 5 mV
E. 10 mV
ANSWER: C
72.
In order to find out the way of electric axis of the heart one must define the
algebraic sum of waves in certain ECG leads. What waves are they and in what leads their sums
are found?
A. QRST in ІІ and ІІІ standard leads
B. QRS in ІІ and ІІІ standard leads
C. PQRS in I and ІІІ standard leads
D. QRS in I and ІІІ standard leads
E. QRST in I and ІІІ standard leads
ANSWER: D
73.
While finding out the direction of the electric axis of the heart, it was determined
that angle α equals +25°. What position of the electric axis of the heart makes such a result?
A. Vertical
B. Horizontal
C. Intermediate
D. Decline to the left
E. Decline to the right
ANSWER: B
74.
While finding out the direction of the electric axis of the heart, it was determined
that angle α equals +67°. What position of the electric axis of the heart makes such a result?
A. Vertical
B. Horizontal
C. Intermediate
D. Decline to the left
E. Decline to the right
ANSWER: C
75.
What formula needs to be used in order to estimate the frequency of cardiac
contractions using the ECG?
A. Frequency of cardiac contractions = duration of R-R interval in seconds : 60 s
B. Frequency of cardiac contractions = 60 s.: duration of R-R interval in seconds
C. Frequency of cardiac contractions = 60 s · duration of R-R interval in seconds
D. Frequency of cardiac contractions = duration of P-R interval in seconds : 60 s.
E. Frequency of cardiac contractions = 60 s. : duration of P-R interval in seconds
ANSWER: B
76.
At a 50 years old patient the duration of the QRS complex in II standard lead
makes 0,11 sec. What is the normal duration of this complex in standard leads?
A. Up to 0,03 sec
B. Up to 0,12 sec
C. 0,06-0,09 sec
D. More than 0,1 sec
E. More than 0,03 sec
ANSWER: C
77.
While examining the 27 years old sportsman, the U wave was registered on the
ECG in II standard lead. When is this indent usually registered?
A. At tachycardia
B. At bradycardia
C. At hypertrophy of the right ventricle
D. At hypertrophy of the atriums
E. At hypertrophy of ventricles
ANSWER: B
78.
Doctors found the maximal amplitude of the S wave in V6 lead in 45 years old
man. In what chest lead the amplitude of the S wave is the greatest in a norm?
A. V1
B. V2
C. V3
D. V4
E. V5
ANSWER: A
79.
A 39 years old patient suffers the arterial hypertension. The cardiogram in I
standard lead shows the amplitude of R wave of 27 mm. What is the normal amplitude of this
wave in standard lead?
A. Up to 10 mm
B. Up to 15 mm
C. Up to 5 mm
D. Up to 20 mm
E. Up to 25 mm
ANSWER: D
80.
Doctors have identified the deviation of the S-T segment in comparement to
isoline, that made 2 mm lower in V3-V4 leads. What is the normal position of this segment in
chest lead?
A. Up to 0,5 mm downward
B. Up to 1 mm downward
C. Up to 2 mm downward
D. Up to 1 mm upward
E. Up to 5 mm downward
ANSWER: A
81.
A 48 years old patient has the difference of duration of the R-R intervals 0.18 sec.
What is the normal difference of duration of the R-R intervals in normal heart beat rhythm?
A. Up to 0,12 sec
B. Up to 0,2 sec
C. Up to 0,1 sec
D. Up to 0,01 sec
E. Up to 0,06 sec
ANSWER: C
82.
While finding out the direction of the electric axis of the heart, it was determined
that angle ? equals +75°. What position of the electric axis of the heart makes such a result?
A. Intermediate
B. Vertical
C. Horizontal
D. Decline to the left
E. Decline to the right
ANSWER: B
83.
During the analysis of ECG of the 49 years old patient C., violation of rhythm is
set with localization of the driver of rhythm in the left atrium. What signs indicate on localization
of rhythm in sino-atrial node?
A. Neither one of the signs
B. Presence of the positive R wave
C. Presence of the positive P wave before every QRST complex
D. Presence of the positive T wave before every QRS complex
E. Presence of the positive PQRST waves
ANSWER: C
84.
It is known that the Q-T interval is called the electric systole of the heart. What
process represents this interval?
A. Depolarization of the atriums
B. Depolarization of the ventricles
C. Depolarization and repolarization of the atriums and ventricles
D. Depolarization and repolarization of the atriums
E. Depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles
ANSWER: E
85.
The ECG shows the considerable increasement of the P-Q segment. Where is the
conducting of excitation slowed down?
A. In the atrio-ventricular node
B. Atriumm
C. Fascicle of Giss
D. Purkinje’s fibres
E. Ventricles
ANSWER: A
86.
On the lesson, through the isolated heart of frog the 3 % solution of CaCl2 was
passed by. How will the heart work change?
A. power of cardiac contractions will decrease, heart beat rate will increase
B. speed of conducting of excitation will increase
C. heart will stop in a diastole
D. heart will stop in a systole
E. decrease of excitability
ANSWER: D
87.
The 49 years old man has the equal amplitude of S and R waves in V4 taking. In
what chest lead their amplitude is equal in a norm?
A. V1
B. V2
C. V3
D. V4
E. V5
ANSWER: C
88.
On echocardiography, a stroke volume of the 30 years old man made 75 ml. What
is the normal stroke volume for men?
A. 60-80 ml
B. 60-90 ml
C. 70-90 ml
D. 80-120 ml
E. 50-70 ml
ANSWER: C
89.
Doctors have prescribed the ?-adrenostimulators to a patient N. with bronchial
asthma. How will the work of heart after the reception of these medications change?
A. duration of the diastole will be increased
B. duration of the systole will be increased
C. duration of the diastole will decrease
D. duration of the systole will decrease
E. delay time of conducting of excitation in atrio-ventricular node will be increased
ANSWER: C
90.
The second diastolic tone of heart appears with:
A. Transition of blood from ventricles to large vessels
B. Filling of ventricles with blood
C. Filling of atriums with blood
D. Reversed motion of blood and closing of semilunar valves of aorta and pulmonary
trunk
E. All of the named factors
ANSWER: E
91.
What is the main power of gas diffusion process?
A.
Gradient of gas concentration.
B.
Gradient of the gas pressure.
C.
Velocity of the gas motion.
D.
Nature of gas.
E.
All tests right
ANSWER: A
92.
What lies in the basics of 3 stage of gas transfer:
A.
External breathing
B.
Gas transfer in blood
C.
Diffusion gas between capillary blood and tissues
D.
Internal breathing
E.
Diffusion of gas between gas-carrying fetter and alveolus
ANSWER: B
93.
Surfactants are made by:
A.
Pneumocites of 1 type.
B.
Pneumocites of 2 type.
C.
Pneumocites of 3 type.
D.
In alveolus.
E.
In bronchi.
ANSWER: B
94.
The abdominal type of the breathing dominates among representatives of such
professions
A.
Singers.
B.
Longshoremen.
C.
Athlete-swimmers.
D.
Saxophoner.
E.
Teachers.
ANSWER: B
95.
Name the main mechanisms which provide moving of a gas on separate stages of
the breathing process.
A.
Diffusion and convection.
B.
Diffusion and filtration.
C.
Filtration and reabsorbtion.
D.
Convection and filtration.
E.
Convection and reabsorbtion.
ANSWER: A
96.
What is a normal value of oxygen consumption:
A.
2,5 ml/minkg.
B.
B. 3,5 ml/minkg.
C.
4,5 ml/minkg.
D.
5,5 ml/minkg.
E.
1,5 ml/minkg
ANSWER: B
97.
Which 3 main mechanisms provide conditioning of air:
A.
Warming, clearing, protection.
B.
Clearing, cooling, moistening.
C.
Warming, cooling, moistening.
D.
Warming, moistening, clearing.
E.
Clearing, protection, cooling.
ANSWER: D
98.
Which of enumerated indexes are required for determination of the alveolar
ventilation:
A.
BV, RVinh, RVexh.
B.
BR, LCL, RVinh.
C.
BV, Dead(empty) space, BR.
D.
Dead(empty) space, LCL, BV
E.
MVB, BR, BV.
ANSWER: C
99.
The value of Vital lungs copasity depends on:
A.
Age.
B.
Sex
C.
Height, weight.
D.
Physical development
E.
All named factors
ANSWER: E
100. Which of enumerated factors it is impossible to define by means of spirometria:
A.
Tidal volume
B.
Residual volume
C.
Reserve inspiration
D.
Reserve exhaile
E.
Vital capasity
ANSWER: B