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PSYCHIATRY
ROOT
COMBINING FORM
MEANING
Psych
Psych/o
Soul or mind
Phob
-phobia
fear
Epilept
Epilept/i/o
Phren/i/o
Phrenic/o
Ment/o
Phob-phobia
Seizure
Phren
Ment
Phob
Diaphragm / mind / phrenic nerve
Mind / chin
Fear
PSYCHIATRY is the branch of medicine dealing with the study, treatment and prevention
of mental disorders. A psychiatrist is a doctor who specialises in psychiatry. A psychologist
is a person qualified in psychology, usually not a doctor and not able to prescribe
medications. A psychologist studies human behaviour.
Anxiety disorders are unpleasant emotional states where people fear an imagined
danger. Physical symptoms include racing pulse, sweating, trembling, weakness, nausea,
fatigue and feelings of tensions and apprehension.
Psychosis is a mental disorder where people find it difficult to distinguish fact from
fantasy.
Psychosomatic symptoms although real to the person experiencing them, are of
emotional or imagined origin.
Confabulation is when memories are fabricated. This is different from lying, as the person
has no intention to deceive and believes their memories are true.
Hallucinations are sensory experiences (seeing, hearing, smelling, touching, tasting) of
things that do not exist.
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder comprising most major psychotic disorders and
characterised by disturbances in thought, mood, sense of self and relationship to the
external world and behaviour.
Delusions are fixed beliefs in something that is obviously untrue, e.g. that the person is
Napoleon.
Illusions are misinterpretations of real sensory experience e.g. a mirage - seeing water in
the desert that is not there but just the sun reflecting of the sand.
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Panic disorders are episodes of extreme fear that, like anxiety disorders, can include
physical symptoms such as a racing heart, sweating etc.
Repression is where unpleasant thoughts, feelings and ideas are suppressed or removed
from the consciousness.
Involutional melancholia is a condition of depression in the elderly
Conversion disorder is where stress and anxiety are converted into body symptoms
Major depression is an extreme depression that lasts longer than normal
Abbreviations
Terms and Word Parts:
Mania
Madness
Neur/
Nerve
-path
Disease
Phren/o
Mind, diaphragm
Psych/o
Mind
Psychosomatic
Relating to or involving both the mind (psyche) and the body (soma)
Psychotropic
Drugs with an effect on psychic function, behaviour and/or experience
Schiz/
Division, split
Somat/o
Body
Diagnostic terms:
Amnesia
(anteretrograde)
Amnesia
(retrograde)
Bipolar disorder
Manic depressive
psychosis
Paranoid
Schizophrenia
Neurosis
Psychosis
Psychiatry
Inability to recall events following a trauma
Inability to recall events preceding a trauma
Affective disorder characterised by episodes of both mania and depression
Severe mental illness with episodes of mania and depression (now known
as bipolar)
Mental state characterised by fixed and logically elaborated delusions of
persecution, e.g. Schizophrenia
Severe mental disorder characterised by a disintegration of thinking,
contact with reality, hallucinations and delusions
Patient recognises they are ill, contact with reality retained. E.g. anxiety
disorder, phobias, depressive neurosis, obsessive-compulsive reaction.
An abnormal pattern of though, action and feeling, patient doesn’t
recognise they are ill. E.g. Manic depressive (bipolar effective disorder)
and schizophrenia.
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Conditions and Terms:
Catatonia
Cyclothymia
Defence
mechanism
Deja vu
Delirium
Delusions
Dementia
Denial
Dependence
Depression
Disorientation
Dissociation
Hallucination
Identification
Illusion
Mania
Mutism
Obsession
Paranoia
Phobia
Repression
A phase of schizophrenia in which the patient is unresponsive with fixed
posture and refusal to talk
Alternating periods of elation and depression, excitement and apathy
The means by which the psych protects itself
A feeling of familiarity ("already seen")
An acute organic reaction resulting in alteration of consciousness and
attention
A false belief that is firmly maintained
Acquired, persistent or irreversible reduction in intelligent functioning that
occurs after the brain has matured
Reality factors denied in an effort to resolve emotional conflict (defence
mechanism)
Drugs, alcohol etc
Lowering of mood
Loss of normal relationship to one's surroundings, especially time, place and
people
Segregation from consciousness of certain components of mental
processes, which then function independently as if they belonged to another
person
A sensory experience of an object not existing, i.e. Hearing voices etc.
Unconscious imitation of another (defence mechanism)
False interpretation of a sense
Disorder of mood characterised by elation, increased
Activity, feelings of specialness, rapid speech, decreased need for sleep
Unwillingness or inability to speak
Persistent thought that the person knows is unrealistic
Mental state characterised by fixed and logically elaborated delusions of
persecution, e.g. Schizophrenia
Any morbid fear
Removal of disturbing impulses, thoughts and feelings from conscious
awareness (defence mechanism)
Treatments:
Antidepressant
drugs
Used to treat depressive syndromes
Cognitive therapy
An active, structured, time-limited and directive form of therapy based
on the belief that the way a person perceives or structures the world
determines his feeling and behaviour
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Electroconvulsive
therapy - ECT
A form of therapy used in psychiatry where an electric impulse is
applied to the brain to induce a seizure psychotherapy - psychological
treatment for mental illness, behavioural, maladaptations or other
problems assumed to be of an emotional nature.
Activity 1
Write the meaning of:
1.
Psychology __________________________________________________________
2.
Acrophobia __________________________________________________________
3.
Agoraphobia _________________________________________________________
4.
Epileptiform _________________________________________________________
5.
Psychopathy _________________________________________________________
Build words which mean:
6.
Pertaining to the mind _________________________________________________
7.
Condition of fear of cancer ______________________________________________
8.
Pertaining to forming/causing epileptic fit ___________________________________
9.
Abnormal condition of the mind __________________________________________
10. Drug that acts on/has an affinity for the mind ________________________________
Psychiatry
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