Download UNIT 6: PERIODICITY THE FOREST: Repeating (periodic) patterns

UNIT 6: PERIODICITY
THE FOREST: Repeating (periodic) patterns of physical and chemical properties occur
among elements that define families with similar properties. The periodic table displays the
repeating patterns, which are related to the atoms’ outermost electrons.
THE TREES:
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Describe the locations in the periodic table and the general properties of the alkali
metals, the alkaline earth metals, the halogens, and the noble gases.
Use the periodic table to predict the electron configurations of elements.
Give examples of the relationship between an element’s electron configuration and its
placement on the periodic table.
Predict the chemical stability of atoms using the octet rule.
Describe the relationship between electrons in sublevels and the length of each
period in the periodic table.
Locate and name the four blocks of the periodic table. Explain the reasons for these
names.
Define atomic and ionic radii, ionization energy, electron affinity, and
electronegativity.
Compare the periodic trends of atomic radii, ionization energy, and electronegativity
and state the reasons for these variations.
Define valence electrons, and state how many are present in atoms of each maingroup element.
MA STATE FRAMEWORKS:
3.1 Explain the relationship of an element’s position on the periodic table to its atomic
number. Identify families (groups) and periods on the periodic table.
3.2 Use the periodic table to identify the three classes of elements: metals, nonmetals, and
metalloids.
3.3 Relate the position of an element on the periodic table to its electron configuration
and compare its reactivity to the reactivity of other elements in the table.
3.4 Identify trends on the periodic table (ionization energy, electronegativity, and
relative sizes of atoms and ions).
IMPORTANT VOCABULARY
Actinide
Alkali metal
Alkaline-earth metal
Anion
Atomic radius
Cation
Electron affinity
Electronegativity
Family
Group
Halogen
Ion
Ionic radius
Ionization energy
Lanthanide
Main group (block) element
Metal
Metalloid
Nonmetal
Period
Periodic law
Shielding effect
Transition element
STUDY GUIDE
CONTENT:
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Vocabulary definitions
Direction of trends (atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity,
electronegativity)
Explanation of trends
NON-MATH SKILLS:
 Predicting trends (atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity,
electronegativity) among a list of elements
MATH SKILLS (N/A)