Download Eighth Grade Study Guide for 1st 6 weeks CBA

Name:
Period:
Eighth Grade Study Guide for 1st 6 weeks CBA
Complete this review with your foldables to study for your test on Thursday! The CBA will consist of 20 multiple
choice questions.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
Know the difference between independent (I will change the…) and dependent variables (I will measure and observe
the…). DRY MIX
Know that a hypothesis is written as an If..then…because statement and it must be testable.
Know that a conclusion must refer to the data.
This study guide is adapted from C. Stephen Murray. http://cstephenmurray.com/worksheets.htm
Atomic Structure—
Know the three subatomic particles, their charges, and where they are in the atom.
Be able to draw a bohr diagram of an atom given the element name.
Know that the number of protons in an atom determines its identity.
Know that an atom is made up mostly of space, is not solid and does not have a solid outer shell.
1. Proton—
2. Neutron –
3. Electron—
4. Nucleus—
5. Atom—
a. the smallest particle of an element
that still retains the properties of that
element
b. the center of the atom
c. positively charged particle located in
the atom’s nucleus
d. particle with a neutral charge located
in the atom’s nucleus
e. negatively charged particle located
outside of the atom’s nucleus
1. Atomic Number—
2. Atomic Mass —
3.Electron Cloud —
4.Valence Electrons —
a. electrons located in the
outermost energy shell of an
atom
b.the number of protons in an
atom of that element
c. model of the atom that says
the electrons are outside of the
nucleus in a cloud like area
d. total number of protons and
neutrons
in the nucleus of an atom
Scientists and the Atomic Theory- Know about these scientists and their contribution to the present theory of the
atom.
1. Dalton
a. Did gold foil experiment which proved, in early 20th century, that atoms had a
nucleus and that atoms are made up mostly of space.
2. Bohr
b. Late 1800’s scientist found the electron and other smaller particles.
3. Rutherford
c. Mid-1900s scientist that hypothesized that electrons are in distinct orbits.
4. Thompson
d. Worked with gases in 1808 and published theory that atoms were hard spheres.
Periodic Table – Be able to find this information from the periodic table: Element Name; Symbol; Atomic Mass;
Atomic #. Given the mass number and name of an element be able to find the number of protons, neutrons and
electrons.
Complete the bohr diagram below for chlorine
M
ass
Atomic #
=
Protons
Atomic #
=
Neutrons
Electrons
How many electrons can the first energy level hold?
How many electrons can the second energy level hold?
How many electrons can the third energy level hold?
How many valence electrons does this atom have?
The Periodic Table:
Know that elements change from most reactive to least reactive as you move from left to right on periods.
Vocabulary: Match the definition to the correct vocabulary word.
1. Period—
a. element that is solid at room
temperature, a good electrical
conductor, ductile, and has a shiny
luster
2. Element –
1. Ductile—
a. a physical property of matter
that describes the way light is
reflected
2. Malleable—
b. a physical property of matter
that describes its ability to be
pulled into a wire
3.Luster —
c. a physical property of matter
that describes something that
breaks easily.
4.Group —
d. a physical property of matter
that describes the ability to be
pounded into thin sheets
5. Brittle
e. in chemistry, a column of
elements in the periodic table,
also called a family
b. a pure substance that cannot be
separated into simpler
3. Metal—
c. in chemistry, a row of elements in
the periodic table
4. Metalloid—
d. an element that is a poor
conductor. Most nonmetals are a gas
at room temperature, and nonmetals
that are solid at room temperature
have a dull luster and are not
malleable.
5. Nonmetal—
e. an element that has some
properties of metals and some
properties of nonmetals