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Cornell Notes Sedimentary Rock p.102-105 Sedimentary Rock Strata p.1 Wind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity all cause rock to physically weather into fragments. Through the process of erosion these rock and mineral fragments called sediment from one place to another. The sediment is deposited in layers. Older layers become compacted and bind together to form sedimentary rock. Forms near the earth’s surface. Forms without heat and pressure. Layers of rock. 3 Classifications of Sedimentary Clastic Rock Forms when rock or mineral fragments, called clasts, are cemented together by a mineral like calcite or quartz. Classified by the size of the fragments from with the rock is made. Sedimentary Rock Continued p.2 Grain size can be Coarse-grained Medium-grained Fine-grained Chemical Forms from solutions of dissolved minerals and water. Rainwater slowly makes its way to the ocean, it dissolves some of the rock and mineral that it passes through. Some of the dissolved material eventually crystallizrs and forms the minrals that make up chemical sedimentary rock. Halite is a chemical sedimentary rock made from sodium chloride, NaCl, or table salt. Organic Most limestone forms from the remains of fossils of animals that once lived in the ocean. Over time the skeletons of these sea animals collect on the ocean floor and eventually become cemented Sedimentary Rock Continued p. 3 together to form fossiliferous limestone. Stratification The process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers. Strata differ from one another depending on the kind, size and color of their sediment.