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Levels of Organization in the Body Use your textbook to complete the following: Chapter 1 page D-16 1. List and define the four levels of organization in the human. Give an example and draw it for each level. USE COLORED PENCILS Cell: The basic unit of structure and function in a living thing. Tissue: A group of similar cells that form the same function. Organ: A structure that is composed of different kinds of tissue. Organ System: A group of organs that work together to perform a major function. 2. What are the four types of tissue found in the human body? What is the general function of each type? Give an example for each type of tissue. Draw a diagram for each type of tissue. USE COLORED PENCILS Connective Tissue: Provides supports for your body and connects all its parts. Examples: fat, cartilage, bones, and tendons. Nerve Tissues: Carries messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body. Examples: Brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Epithelial Tissue: (Skin) Protects the delicate structures beneath it, (Small Intestine) Release chemicals used in digestion, while others absorb digested food. Muscle Tissue: Contracts or shortens so parts of your body can move. 3. List the organ systems in the Human Body and their main function. Page D-21 ( Does a particular system help another? ) How? Circulatory: Carries needed materials to the body cells; carries wastes away from cells, helps fight disease. ( Skeletal System- produces the blood cells that the circulatory system needs) Digestive: Takes food into the body, breaks food down, and absorbs the digested materials. (Circulatory System- takes the nutrients broken down by the digestive system to different parts of the body) Endocrine: Controls many body processes- intake of sugar by cells-by means of chemicals ( Circulatory System- carries the hormones that the endocrine systems releases) Excretory : Removes wastes. ( Respiratory System- eliminates water vapor and carbon dioxide) Immune : Fights disease ( Circulatory System- provides the white blood cells that help fight disease) Muscular : Enables the body to move, moves food through the digestive system, and keeps the heart beating (Skeletal System- provides support for the muscles) Nervous: Detects and interprets information from the environment outside the body and within the body, controls most body functions. ( Skeletal System- provides protection for the brain and calcium to help the nervous system function properly) Reproductive: Produces cells to create offspring, controls male and female characteristics. (Endocrine system- sends messages to the reproductive system through hormones) Respiratory: Takes oxygen into the body and eliminates carbon dioxide. ( Skeletal System- provides protection) Skeletal : Protection, Support, Movement, Makes blood cells, and stores materials that the body needs. (Muscular System- helps the skeletal system move) Integumentary: Protects the body, keeps water inside the body, and helps regulate temperature. (Nervous System- regulates the blood flow and sweat glands) 4. List the parts for the following Human Body Systems. Choose one body system to draw with a partner. The system must be labeled and describe each part. (Function) Digestive System Circulatory System Respiratory System Nervous System Digestive System: Mouth, Pharynx(Throat), Epiglottis( flap of skin that covers trachea), Esophagus, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus Circulatory System: Heart, Blood, Blood Vessels (Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries) Heart has 4 chambers: Right Atrium: collects deoxygenated blood (dark red) from the body. Blood collects a lot of carbon dioxide. Right Ventricle: sends the deoxygenated blood to the lungs Lungs: Blood picks up oxygen from the lungs. Attaches to the hemoglobin in the blood. Left Atrium: Collects oxygenated blood (bright red) from the lungs. Left Ventricle: Sends all the blood via the aorta (LARGEST ARTERY) to all the parts of the body. Respiratory System: Nose, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea (Wind Pipe), Lungs, (Bronchi , Bronchioles, Alveoli) Nose: Filters, Moistens, and Warm the air. Contains hair and mucous that performs this function. Alveoli: place in lungs where the gas exchange happens. Nervous System: Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerves (Sensory Neuron, Motor Neuron , and Interneurons)