Download verbs - East Penn School District

Parts of Speech
Definitions, Exercises & Review
Mrs. Sherwood
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Name_________________Pd. _____
PARTS OF SPEECH
1. Verb: expresses action or otherwise makes a statement
a. Action verb: do, come, so, believe, know, think
b. Linking verb: state of being (forms of the verb to be)
2. Noun: names a person, place, thing or idea
a. Common nouns—no special PPTI
b. Proper nouns—names of specific PPTI, usually capitalized
Parts of a Sentence occupied by a Noun:
a. Subject
b. Direct Object
c. Indirect Object
d. Object of the Preposition
e. Predicate Nominative (When the subject equals the complement)
Ex: I am a teacher.
3. Pronoun: takes the place of any noun, refers to a prior noun
a. Examples: I, she, he, they, we
b. Possessive: my, mine, hers, his, theirs, ours
c. Indefinite: all, any, anyone, both, each, either, everybody, few, many, more, much, neither,
none, one, other, several, some, someone
d. Add –selves: myself, himself, themselves
4. Adjectives: modify (describe) a noun or pronoun
a. Can answer the questions: What kind? Which one? How many?
b. Articles: a, an, the
5. Adverbs: Modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb
a. Answers the questions, When? Where? How? To what extent? (how long or how much)
b. May precede or follow verbs
c. May introduce questions
Ex: Roy is hungry. Hungry is an adjective
Roy is always hungry. Always is an adverb modifying an adjective
Roy is almost always hungry. Almost is an adverb modifying another adverb, modifying
an adjective
6. Preposition: word that shows a relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the
sentence.
Ex: aboard, about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below,
beneath, beside, besides, between, beyond, but, by, concerning, down, during, except, for, from,
in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, over, past, since, through, throughout, till, to, toward,
under, underneath, until, up, upon, with, within, without
7. Conjunction: joins words or groups of words
a. Coordinating—may join single words or groups of words of the same kind
b. Correlative—may join single words or groups of words—COME IN PAIRS
Not only, but also both, and either, or
c. Subordinate—will cover later with clauses
8. Interjection: exclamatory word that expresses emotion (set off from the sentence with an
exclamation mark or followed by a comma if emotion is weaker)
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VERBS
Some verbs show action or movement by the subject—they are called ACTION verbs.
Other verbs show state of being and are part of the verb “To Be”, such as I am, he is, they are. These
verbs are also called LINKING verbs.
In the following examples, underline the verbs. Then in the blank space tell whether the verb is an A
for action verb or L for linking or state of being verb.
1. _____ The sum of two and two is four.
2. _____ That barbecue smells good.
3. _____ The movie star appeared in a play.
4. _____ The cook tasted the soup.
5. _____ The speaker answered many questions.
6. _____ We will be late for the program tomorrow.
7. _____ My dog’s name is Brandy.
8. _____ Paul is always such a lucky guy.
9. _____The baby slept quietly all morning.
10. _____ Did she become a physician or a researcher?
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NOUNS
NOUNS are words that are the names of People, Places, Things or Ideas.
If they name a specific PPTI, they are PROPER NOUNS. If they name just a general PPTI, they are
COMMON NOUNS.
In the following examples, underline the nouns. Then in the blank space tell whether the noun is a
common (C) or proper (P) noun.
1. __________Joan carried her books.
2. __________ The band played my favorite tune.
3. __________ The boy went into the house.
4. __________ Sam likes to eat pizza.
5. __________ John flew to Allentown.
6. __________ The audience was enthusiastic at the circus.
7. __________ Courage is lacking in many people.
8. __________ Please call Mary and Sue.
3. __________ Dave had the couch recovered.
4. __________ He is a football player at Penn State.
5. __________ The airport had many jets arriving.
6. __________ The little boy liked ice cream.
7. __________ The homeless man stole the jewels.
8. __________ Will the judge order a new trial?
9. __________ Doug has made many friends in high school.
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PRONOUNS
Pronouns are words that take the place of NOUNS. In the following sentences, find as many
pronouns as you can and CIRCLE the pronoun.
1. The boys who are in my class are very handsome.
2. My dogs are smart, but they are not obedient.
3. The purpose of the field trip is so that you can learn about Gettysburg.
4. This is the craziest day of my life!
5. I love math class—it is my favorite of the day.
6. His brother reminded me of him.
7. Somebody up there likes me.
8. That was her friend.
9. She is the one in the red dress.
10. He came to the party because Nick invited him.
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ADJECTIVES
Adjectives are words that describe nouns. Find the adjectives in the following examples and
CIRCLE the adjectives.
1. The swift runner finished in first place.
2. The President’s car is a black limousine.
1. The huge brown buck ran through the wheat field.
2. Few trucks have several gears.
3. I bought a colorful, new postage stamp at the auction.
4. Tina ran thirty-six miles on Saturday.
5. The brown hat belongs to my nephew.
6. She read a fairy tale to the sweet little girl.
7. The blue Dodge truck traveled around the dangerous Cemetery Curve.
8. The icy road was covered with crusted snow.
9. The house with the green fence has yellow shutters.
10. The friendly city is a great place to meet people.
11. Some girls were mocking the new teacher.
12. The girl with the white hat is my cousin.
13. There were five dogs fighting in the busy street.
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ADVERBS
Underline the adverbs in the following sentences. Remember, adverbs answer the questions, where?
How? When? and to what extent? (how long or how much)
1. People who travel in England usually visit the Tower of London.
2. The Tower formerly served as a fortress.
3. They have special ceremonies performed nightly.
4. The three gates of the Tower are securely locked by the Warder.
5. A sentry immediately challenges the men.
6. Finally the Warder obtains the keys for the locks.
7. The Ceremony of the Keys is not the only pageantry performed in the Tower.
8. Gun salutes are often fired from the Tower.
9. At the king’s or queen’s coronation, a 62 gun salute is traditionally fired.
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PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are words that begin prepositional phrases and show a relationship between 2 words in
a sentence.
Circle the prepositions and underline the prepositional phrases in the following sentences:
1. Recently I learned many facts about animals. _____________________
2. A whale can’t stay under the water too long because he must breathe air. _________________
3. A horse is old before the age of thirty. _________________________
4. The deafness of insects may surprise you.
_____________________
5. Bats depend greatly on their voices and ears. ____________________
6. The ears of dogs can detect sounds that can’t be heard by human ears. ________________
_________________
7. Owls may see rays of light that are invisible to human eyes. ________________
________________
8. If one type of flatworm should get its head chopped off, it would in time grow a new head.
_________________
_____________________
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES either work as ADJECTIVES (modifying nouns or pronouns) or as
ADVERBS (modifying verbs, adverbs, or adjectives).
Now go back and label each prep phrase as ADJ or ADV.
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CONJUNCTIONS
Underline the conjunctions in the following sentences. Tell whether they are coordinating (CO) or
correlative (CORR)
1. John enjoys baseball and ballet.
2. Both Jim Thorpe and Roberto Clemente were great athletes.
3. Either you must wash the dishes or you will have to clean the bathroom.
4. Both her mother and she played tennis in college.
5. Not only did I try live bait, but I have also used artificial lures.
6. The guide suggested I buy a spinning reel and a special kind of lure.
7. The freshman class asked not only for a big celebration but also for a special holiday.
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INTERJECTIONS
Fill in the blanks with appropriate interjections:
1. _________! The milk tastes sour!
2. ___________! The football team won!
3. ____________! Your idea worked!
4. ______________, just forget it.
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REVIEW EXERCISE
Write the name of the part of speech indicated by each underlined word in the following paragraph.
One of the most popular animal fables is a story about an owl who becomes a god to its fellow
creatures. Because the owl can see in the dark and can answer questions with a few pat phrases,
the other animals decide it is the wisest creature in the world. They follow in the owl’s footsteps and
mimic its every action. When it bumps into a tree, they do the same. And when it staggers down the
middle of the highway, they follow the owl’s lead. They do not realize that their idol cannot see
during the daytime. Because the owl fails to see a truck that is approaching, it marches straight
ahead, and the other animals follow behind it, thinking that it is very brave and that it will protect them
from harm. Naturally the owl is no help to them when they are in the path of a fast-moving truck. The
truck proves beyond question that the owl is not a god, but this lesson comes too late. The foolish
animals are all killed by the truck. They followed their leader without question.
one _______________
mimic _______________
behind _______________
popular _______________
every _______________
very _______________
about _______________
into _______________
brave _______________
becomes _______________
do _______________
harm _______________
to _______________
middle _______________
no _______________
dark _______________
lead _______________
beyond _______________
and _______________
not _______________
is _______________
answer _______________
idol _______________
not _______________
other _______________
during _______________
this _______________
it ___________________
is _______________
late _______________
follow _______________
straight _______________
foolish __________
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