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Test #3: 7 Years War, The American Revolution and The War of 1812
Mr. Stephenson: Canadian History 11
MY NAME IS: ______________________________________________
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PART ONE (True of False): Circle “T” for those statements you believe to be true and circle “F” for
those you believe to be false.
8 POINTS
1. As a result of the Treaty of Utrecht (1713) France had to surrender territories on the east
coast to Britain. The area known as Acadia was re-named Nova Scotia. Eventually, the
French speaking residents were forced to leave their homes.
T
or
F
2. The Treaty of Paris ended the Seven Years War and the treaty that ended the American
Revolution was called the Treaty of Ghent. Also named the Treaty of Paris
T
or
F
3. Guy Carleton, Governor of Quebec, ratified former governor Murray’s Royal
Proclamation of 1763. The new “Quebec Act” (1774) ensured that the French Canadians
were satisfied and the region stable while the British faced open rebellion in the south.
T
or
F
4. The Yankees considered “The Quebec Act” to be one of the “Intolerable Acts” as it gave
lands in the Ohio Valley to the French Canadians and secured their loyalty to Britain.
T
or
F
5. In addition to reinstating French civil law for matters of property, “The Quebec Act” also
protected French culture and language from being Anglicized. However, Bishops were
asked to return to Europe and Catholic churches closed in rural regions.
T
or
F
6. At the outbreak of the War of 1812, Americans were reluctant to invade the Canadian
territories as the population of the collective colonies was equal to that of the United
States.
T
or
F
7. When the War of 1812 ended it was clear to many that the Americans had lost – on the
battlefield anyway. The Treaty of Ghent, signed by Britain and the United States
concluded, once and for all, the boundary disputes that had plagued the two factions and
affirmed the U. S. A’s sovereign claim to all that lay west of the Ohio river.
T
or
F
8. The Americans surrendered Fort Detroit to the attacking British forces because they
received news early on that the advancing armies outnumbered them considerably. By
the time the British arrived, General Hull had already prepared his 2, 500 men for
departure.
T
or
F
9. The introduction of the seed drill to British farmers in 1701 would inevitably result in
accelerated urban development, a population explosion and intensified textile production;
it also made the economies of the southern United States ever more dependent upon
slavery. NOT REALLY!
T
or
F
PART TWO (Fill in the Blanks)
14 POINTS
1. The Battle of Plains of Abraham was a decisive victory for the British, bringing an end
to the Seven Years War. Sadly, James Wolfe died from his wounds as did his French
counterpart the Marquis de Montcalm.
2. Americans in the thirteen colonies had a problem with being taxed heavily despite the
fact that they had no representation in London. The Stamp Act (1765) was the most
detested of the taxes due to the universal dependence on letters for communication and
the fact that the specifics of this tax extended its reach to all paper products.
3. In 1773, members of the Sons of Liberty dressed up as natives and boarded British ships
docked in Boston harbour. They dumped loads of Tea overboard as a sign of protest
against taxation that restricted domestic sales of raw materials.
4. In response to “rebel rousing” in the Massachusetts colony, the British sent in troops and
declared martial law. The Boston Massacre came as a result of a soldier being hit in the
face with a snow ball.
5. In 1783, approximately 100,000 people left the thirteen colonies for the Canadian
territories. Somewhere between 35 and 45 thousand headed for Nova Scotia, 7000 of
which were freed slaves of African descent. These emigrants, who rejected a Yankee
identity, are known as United Empire Loyalists.
6. After the Seven Years War, the British settled for “Quebec” to describe what was once
called “New France.” By the “Constitutional Act” of 1791 Quebec was divided into two
colonies: Upper and Lower Canada
7. In 1812 the U. S. was convinced Great Britain would not be able to competently respond
to an invasion of their North American Colonies. It was the opinion of American
politicians that the British were far too preoccupied fighting France, which was at this
time quickly becoming a military dictatorship under Napoleon Bonaparte
8. In 1803 the French sold the Louisiana territory to the U. S. for 15 million dollars. The
revenue was needed to replenish the French navy. For this small price tag the U.S
doubled in size and affirmed the political theory known as Manifest Destiny which put
forth the proposition that Americans were destined to rule all of North America.
9. Isaac Brock, otherwise known as “The Savior of Upper Canada,” was the skilled
tactician responsible for keeping British North American Colonies out of American
hands. However, the defense of the colonies would have been decidedly complicated had
it not been for the pan-Native alliance lead by the Shawnee chief Tecumseh.
10. Split, scattered, no longer needed as an ally for any side and facing a new era of
assimilation and extermination the true losers of the War of 1812 was, without question
The aboriginal peoples of the colonies.
PART THREE (Short Answer): Everybody has to do #2, complete two of the other three lists.
10 POINTS
1.
List three reasons why colonists in Nova Scotia were not as enthusiastic about revolution as their
Yankee brethren in the thirteen colonies.
A: Settlement scattered throughout long peninsula, communication and organization was
therefore made difficult.
B: Strong presence of British military in Halifax. They were outnumbered and outgunned.
C: Economic dependence upon British military personnel stationed and or on leave in
Halifax (primarily). Merchants did not want to discourage this.
D. Henry Alline lead a religious movement that preached nonviolence and the idea that
Nova Scotia should remain neutral in order to distinguish independence.
E. Just as many, if not more, Nova Scotians fell victim to Yankee privateers as Yankees fell
victim to British privateers.
2. Other than “good timing” and a certain philosophy of entitlement (that shall remain nameless so as
not to disrupt the test), cite two more reasons why the Americans felt justified in declaring war on
Great Britain in 1812.
A: Impressment – British were boarding American vessels looking for deserters of the royal
navy. They also forced American sailors into service if they could prove they were born
somewhere in the British Empire.
B: The British Royal Navy’s blockade of France not only hurt the French economy, but the
American economy as well. British wouldn’t let American ships through the blockade to
trade and even fired upon a few that tried.
3. Simply list three reasons why Britain was the leading nation throughout the industrial
revolution…
A Large population of people to fill endless number of jobs.
B. A number of river systems used for transportation of goods and to power mills
C. They were an island, so shipping goods and receiving goods was easy.
D. They had many natural resources and mines, not only within the island but throughout
the Empire.
E. There were no wars on the island itself for hundreds of years, therefore society was
undisturbed – people were free to invent and experiment with new ideas.
F. They had an impeccable, long established banking system that was supported by diverse
corporations that were successful.
4. Identify three reasons why living conditions for the working class in urban areas were so far
below an acceptable standard throughout the industrial age:
A. No vote and no political representation meant no legislation to improve living conditions
B. No vote and no political representation meant no standard wage to improve prosperity
C. Working class neighborhoods were situated away from commercial sector and middle
class suburbs – ignored and sicarded.
D. The owners of the factories also owned and managed the low income housing.
E. Sewage and water treatment/maintenance were not mandatory for these areas – lack of
political power.
PART FOUR (Long Answer): Select one of the following and develop an answer no less than
three paragraphs in length.
8 POINTS
1. The War of 1812 is often called a Canadian victory (by Canadian scholars especially)
even though many American historians claim it as a victory for their side. Canada wasn’t
an actual sovereign nation until 1867, fifty-three years after the war ended. But this fact
shouldn’t stand in the way of any claim we may have to the outcome. Please explain
how circumstances in Europe guaranteed that any British victory in North America
would be a “Canadian” victory – any loss, a “Canadian” loss. In addition, explain
what the colonist gained from facing three years of American aggression.
2. The Industrial Revolution saw the emergence middle-class power. Explain specifically
why the middle-classes grew as a result of industrialization, and why (after the Reform
Act of 1835) they benefited from increased political representation. Be sure to inform the
reader of who made up the middle-class.
3. Consider either the steam locomotive or the steamboat. Explain in as many ways you can
how this invention improved production, improved commerce, accelerated manufacturing
and helped bolster other industries. In addition, describe the negative and positive affects
this invention had on society.