Download Gr X Physics Practicals Instructions: Please write these experiments

Gr X
Physics Practicals
Instructions:
 Please write these experiments in your record notebooks.
 Aim, apparatus required, Formula, procedure, precautions, Result ------all these should be written on the ruled
side.
 Circuit diagram, Observation Table, inference, calculations should be written on the unruled side.
 Circuit diagram and Observation table should be drawn ONLY WITH PENCIL. Calculations and inference can be
written with pen.
Experiment 1
Aim: To study the dependence of current (I) on the potential difference (V) across a resistor and there by determine
the resistance. Also plot a graph between V and I
Apparatus Required:
Resistance coil, connecting wires, key, battery eliminator, ammeter, and voltmeter
Circuit Diagram:
Formula:
V=IR
(volts)
Procedure:
1. The components are connected as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. Least count of ammeter and voltmeter are noted and checked for zero error.
3. Once the connections are verified, rheostat is adjusted such that there is deflection in ammeter and voltmeter.
4. The ammeter and voltmeter readings are noted in the observation table.
5. The experiment is repeated by changing the position of the rheostat and each time ammeter and voltmeter
readings are noted.
6. Resistance of the coil is calculated from the formula R=V/I.
7. A graph is drawn between V and I choosing proper scales.
Precautions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
When not in use , switch off the power supply.
Note down zero errors if any in voltmeter or ammeter , if any and corrections are done.
Readings are noted from meters by placing our eye in line with it to avoid parallax error.
Rheostat of low resistance is used to get better variations can be brought in current.
Result:
The current through the resistor is seen to vary directly with the potential difference applied.
The value of the resistance is found to be ____________ Ω.
The graph between potential difference ( V) and current (I) is drawn and it is a straight line.
Observation Table:
S.no Voltmeter reading (V)
(volts)
Ammeter reading (I)
(ampere)
Resistance, R = V/I
(ohms)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Graph: Use graph paper to plot the graph. Your graph will appear as shown below. Stick the graph paper in your record
notebook.
I (ampere)
V (volt)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Experiment 2
Aim:
To find the resultant resistance of two resistors when connected in series.
Apparatus Required:
Resistance coil, connecting wires, key, battery eliminator, ammeter, and voltmeter
Circuit Diagram:
Formula:
R=V/I
Ω
Rs = R 1 + R 2
Ω
Procedure:
1. The components are connected as shown in the circuit diagram, except the two resistors.
2. Least count of ammeter and voltmeter are noted and checked for zero error.
3. First resistor R1 is connected parallel to voltmeter and 3 readings are noted from ammeter and voltmeter by
adjusting the rheostat.
4. The resistor R1 is removed and R2 is connected in its place.
5. The procedure is repeated and values of V and I are noted.
6. Now both Resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series as shown in the circuit and voltmeter and ammeter
readings are noted.
7. The procedure is repeated for 3 times by adjusting the rheostat.
8. Values of R1, R2 and Rs are calculated using the formula.
Precautions:
1. When not in use, switch off the power supply.
2. Note down zero errors if any in voltmeter or ammeter, if any and corrections are done.
3. Readings are noted from meters by placing our eye in line with it to avoid parallax error.
4. Rheostat of low resistance is used to get better variations can be brought in current.
5. Connect the combinations of resistors properly in series.
Result:
The values of the given resistors are R1 = _________ Ω and R2 = _____________ Ω.
The resultant resistance when they are connected in series is found to be Rs = ______________ Ω.
Observation Table:
To find resistance R1 :
S.no
1.
2.
3.
Voltmeter reading ,V
(volts)
Ammeter reading, I
(ampere)
Resistance, R1 = V/I
(ohms)
(volts)
Ammeter reading, I
(ampere)
Resistance, R2 = V/I
(ohms)
(volts)
Ammeter reading, I
(ampere)
Rs = R 1 + R2
To find resistance R2 :
S.no
1.
2.
3.
Voltmeter reading ,V
To find resistance Rs :
S.no
1.
2.
3.
Aim:
Voltmeter reading ,V
(ohms)
Experiment 3
To find the resultant resistance of two resistors when connected in parallel.
Apparatus Required:
Circuit Diagram:
Resistance coil, connecting wires, key, battery eliminator, ammeter, and voltmeter
Formula:
R=V/I
Ω
Rp =
Ω
Procedure:
1. The components are connected as shown in the circuit diagram, except the two resistors.
2. Least count of ammeter and voltmeter are noted and checked for zero error.
3. First resistor R1 is connected parallel to voltmeter and 3 readings are noted from ammeter and voltmeter by
adjusting the rheostat.
4. The resistor R1 is removed and R2 is connected in its place.
5. The procedure is repeated and values of V and I are noted.
6. Now both Resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel as shown in the circuit and voltmeter and ammeter
readings are noted.
7. The procedure is repeated for 3 times by adjusting the rheostat.
8. Values of R1, R2 and Rp are calculated using the formula.
Precautions:
1. When not in use, switch off the power supply.
2. Note down zero errors if any in voltmeter or ammeter, if any and corrections are done.
3. Readings are noted from meters by placing our eye in line with it to avoid parallax error.
4. Rheostat of low resistance is used to get better variations can be brought in current.
5. Connect the combinations of resistors properly in parallel.
Result:
The values of the given resistors are R1 = _________ Ω and R2 = _____________ Ω.
The resultant resistance when they are connected in parallel is found to be Rp = ______________ Ω.
Observation Table:
To find resistance R1 :
S.no
Voltmeter reading ,V
1.
2.
3.
To find resistance R2 :
(volts)
Ammeter reading, I
(ampere)
Resistance, R1 = V/I
(ohms)
S.no
1.
2.
3.
(volts)
Ammeter reading, I
(ampere)
Resistance, R2 = V/I
(ohms)
Voltmeter reading ,V
To find resistance Rp :
S.no
1.
2.
3.
Voltmeter reading ,V
(volts)
Ammeter reading, I
(ampere)
Rp =
(ohms)