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Lesson Plan The Roaring 20s 1920 Goals- Students will understand how society adjusted to rapid social change during the 1920s. Resources- PowerPoint, 1920s celebrity game with people, Videos, 1920s music, 1920s articles. Bell Ringer- What are things that define our culture today??? Write down at least 10 things. Objectives- Students will be able to describe the changes in attitudes and social roles in the 1920s, and they will be able to analyze the impact of the growth of the nation’s mass media. (standard 5, objective1&2). Instructional Input Talk about Bell Ringer Celebrities of the 1920s 1920s Articles Lecture/ Introduce 1920s, culture, society, mass media, jazz age Video of 20th century/Cinderella Man clip Checking for UnderstandingModelingGuided PracticeClosureExit Slip- Why do you think it is often called the Roaring 20s? Cinderella Man clip- beginning of movie 1920s Articles Create groups of 7. Have each group member read their own article. Then share what they read with each other. Write down notes about each topic, and then we will write them on the board together as a class. The Roaring 20s After just having a tragic WW1 America enters a new and exciting period of time. The 1920s is an exciting time in American history and many of the new trends that were started then have remained with society and even characterize our way of life now…(The 1920s set in motion much of modern America) one big example is Hollywood!!! So many new things start out in America during this time, The automobile becomes available to the masses Hollywood starts Movies Buying on credit/ the stock market Jazz Electricity Industries flourished We get our first celebrities Society in the 1920s The first big change This change would definitely be the transformation of the women in society. Women could be defined as Flappers- described the new type of women as young, rebellious, fun loving, and bold. Described as “Breezy, slangy, and informal in manner; slim and boyish in form; covered in silk and fur that clung to her as close as onion skin; which carmined (vivid red) cheeks and lips, plucked eyebrows and close fitting helmet of hair; gay, plucky and confident.” Even though the flapper represented a small number of American women it widely impacted fashion and manners during the 1920s. Stood as a symbol to break the past. The Flapper Image Women started to wear shorter dresses, hemlines rose from 6 inches above the ground in 1919 to knee-length or even higher by 1927. Dresses and blouses become much simpler and the average amount of fabric used to make a women’s outfit shrank from 19.5 yards to 7 yards. Young women bobbed their hair instead of following the old tradition and having it long. Often called helmet hair, matching hat!!! They even starting wearing makeup, which had once been considered a sign on immorality. Their manners changed too! Before the 1920s women rarely smoked or drank in public, but by the end of the decade many women were doing both. I bet that you wouldn’t be surprised if I told you that the number of cigarettes produced during this time more than doubled. Women and men were both smoking now. Women Working and Voting More women did start working, but the majority of them were single, and when they did get married they were forced to quit working once they become pregnant. Because of this women were seldom trained for higher positions or paid on the same scale as men. Women in politics changed only a little too. In 1920 women could vote because of the 19th amendment, but only about 35% of all women voters actually went to the polls to vote, (why do you think this was so???) They also tended to vote in similar patterns to men (because of their husbands), they did effect local elections more. Women started to seek and win state and national political office. Jeannette Rankin of Montana started the trend when she was elected to the House of Representatives in 1916, becoming the first women to serve in either House of Congress. By 1928 there were 145 women in 38 state legislatures. Another change in Society is Cities and Suburbs The 1920s saw many demographic changes as well. Demographics are the statistics that describe a population, such as data on race or income. This biggest change of this type during the 1920s was a movement away from the countryside. During the decade some 6 million people moved from rural areas to the cities. Growth of the Suburbs They increase greatly during this time, and trolleys, buses, and automobiles helped facilitate the transportation need to get into the big cities for work. New York city is a good example of this demographic change that was taking place during the 1920s, because the number of residents decreased in Manhattan, the heart of the city, while the suburbs like Queens doubled Migration One group was African Americans seeking job opportunities offered in the North because of all the new business that were starting. In 1860 93% lived in the South. By 1910 it had only dropped to 89%, and by 1930 it had fallen even more to 80%. Immigrants from Europe lessen, but immigrants from Mexico and Canada increased. Filled most of the low-paying jobs. Developed their own cultures within a culture. An example was the Mexican developed barrio, or Spanish speaking neighborhood. Another New Trend in Society was to have American Heroes These heroes ranged from sports stars to experts in aviation. Some of these heroes are; Lucky Lindy- 25 year old Charles Lindbergh flew his plane Spirit of St. Louis and flew non-stop from New York to Paris. Amelia Earhart- Another flyer, in 1932 crossed the Atlantic alone, also from Hawaii to California, attempted to fly around the world. Jack Dempsey- A famous boxer who won the fight with the record high ticket sales taking in $1 million. He become the heavy weight champion of the world. George Herman AKA Babe Ruth- This hero generated most of the excitement. He set records in hitting, pitching, outfielding that stood for decades. In his career he hit 714 home runs a record that was unbroken for almost 40 years. Gertrude Ederle – Famous for winning the gold medal in the 1924 Olympics for freestyle swimming. She was also the first women to swim the 35 mile-wide English Channel, and her time beat the men’s record by nearly two hours. Helen Wills- A tennis star Americans in general started playing more sports because of their growing leisure time. Who are some of our modern day heroes??? Michael Jordan Muhammad Alee Bill Gates Harrison Ford Tom Cruise Mother Teresa Lance Armstrong Mass Media and the Jazz Age Along with new forms of entertainment like the radio, movies, and Jazz this decade was an especially creative time period for music, art, and literature. Growth of Hollywood Read page 358 Before 1900, few outside of Los Angeles… Mass Media Hollywood’s new fame reflected a major trend of the 1920s. Before the 1920s U.S didn’t really communicate with each other regionally and interests, attitudes, and tastes varied greatly from each other. But the 1920s changed all that. A national culture started when films, nation wide news gatherings, and the new industry of radio broadcasting became common. This is all known as Mass Media- Print and broadcast methods of communicating information to large numbers of people. Movies One major form of mass media that arrives in the 20s is movies. Movies were first started in the 1890s, but their popularity grow in the 1920s. Fun Facts Between 1910 and 1920, the number of theaters rose form about 5,000 to about 22,500 By the end of the 20s theaters were showing movies to 100 million Americans each week, (At a time when the total population was less than 125 million) 4th largest business in the country Before 1927 movies were silent Newspapers Newspapers helped create a common culture because people were sharing the same information, reading about the same events, and were influenced by the same ideas and fashions. Newspapers during the 1920s increased in their size and in their number of readers. Fun Facts 1900=17 pages mid 1920s=more than 50 pages a day Newspapers were getting bigger, but the number of them was declining, newspaper chains started to buy out or merge the single companies. William Randolph Hearst was an example of this… He was the publisher of the San Francisco Examiner and the New York Journal… gained control of newspapers in 20 cities. ( like Newsies) Radio Before the 1920s only about 20,000 Americans had radio sets, all homemade. Fun Facts First radio station for profit was Pittsburgh’s KDKA in 1920 By 1922 more than 500 radio stations were on air Many individual stations were linked together and Americans were again like the newspapers sharing the same info, they were listening to the same jokes, commercials, music, sports events, religious services, and news The Jazz Arrives!!! The radio combined with the great African American migration to the cites helped produce JAZZ!!! Jazz features improve, when musicians just make up music as they are playing it. Also an off beat rhythm called syncopation. Ragtime and the blues also inspired its creation. It soon became the nation wide craze, younger people especially loved to dance to the new music. (what are some of the types of music that you like now). Jazz was first looked down upon, but soon won over the nation. There were even Jazz Clubs were you could listen to Jazz and dance too. The 1920s came to be called the Jazz Age Listen to Jazz music Lost Generation A set of writers during the 1920s that gained this name because they believed that they were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked morals and values. Were also people who left America because they were discontent with society. Famous writers are: Ernest Hemingway, Hart Crane, F, Scott Fitzgerald. Hemingway wrote the Sun also Rises, Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby and This Side of Paradise. Harlem Renaissance Was a literary awakening for African Americans. Called Harlem Renaissance because many AA lived in Harlem, New York. It was their culture capital and the center for Jazz. Many famous AAm writers arose like Langston Hughes. Common themes of their writings are; African American culture, being black, being American, being a women. Video- 20th century 1920s beginning ClosureExit Slip- Why do you think it is often called the Roaring 20s?