Download MLA Secondary Citation Maker (based on 7th edition)

Notes and Examples - MLA Style
2009 Modifications to MLA Style

No More Underlining! Underlining is no more. MLA now recommends italicizing titles of
independently published works (books, periodicals, films, etc).
 No More URLs! While website entries will still include authors, article names, and website
names, when available, MLA no longer requires URLs. Writers are, however, encouraged to
provide a URL if the citation information does not lead readers to easily find the source. (For
instructors or editors that still wish to require the use of URLs, MLA suggests that the URL
appear in angle brackets after the date of access. Break URLs only after slashes).
 Continuous Pagination? Who Cares? You no longer have to worry about whether scholarly
publications employ continuous pagination or not. For all such entries, both volume and issue
numbers are required, regardless of pagination.
 Publication Medium. Every entry receives a medium of publication marker. Most entries will
be listed as Print or Web, but other possibilities include Performance, DVD, or TV. Most of
these markers will appear at the end of entries; however, markers for Web sources are followed
by the date of access.
 New Abbreviations. Many web source entries now require a publisher name, a date of
publication, and/or page numbers. When no publisher name appears on the website, write N.p.
for no publisher given. When sites omit a date of publication, write n.d. for no date. For online
journals that appear only online (no print version) or on databases that do not provide pagination,
write n. pag. for no pagination.
Source: http://www.mla.org/style/handbook_faq/style_faq3
Helpful Resources:
WiseOwl Database: Click on “Literature” tab for Lit. Ref. Center and Scribners Writers Series.
Also the InfoTrac (Gale Cengage) tab. The password within the wiseowl link is always wiseowl.
InfoTrac Database: The Virtual Reference Library has 2 e-books of interest: “Concise Major
21st C Writers” and “Feminism in Literature.” The password is pfaf_log when at school and
pfaf_rpa when at home.
Nettrekker.com (username and password are reagan 495) and WebPath Express (part of the
Destiny catalog) both target reliable, appropriate websites
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/ is a comprehensive, well-organized site which provides
help with all aspects of research and paper writing including paraphrasing, Works Cited,
parenthetical citations, etc.
A Work in an Anthology
Works may include an essay in an edited collection or anthology, or a chapter of a book. The
basic form is for this sort of citation is as follows:
Lastname, First name. "Title of Essay." Title of Collection. Ed. Editor's Name(s). Place of
Publication: Publisher, Year. Page range of entry. Medium of Publication.
Anthology Example:
Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by
Himself. 1845. Slave Narratives. Ed. William L. Andrews and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New
York: Lib. of Amer., 2000. 267-368. Print.
A Work in a Collection
To cite a previously published scholarly article in a collection, give the complete data for the
earlier publication and then add Rpt.in, the title of the collection, and the new publication facts.
Example:
Holladay, Hillary. “Narrative Space in Ann Petry’s Country Place.” Xavier Review
16(1996):21-35. Rpt. in Twentieth Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Linda Pavlovski and
Scott Darga. Vol. 112. Detroit: Gale, 2002. 356-62. Print.
An Article in a Reference Book
Treat an encyclopedia article or a dictionary entry as you would a piece in a collection but do not
cite the editor of the reference work. If the article is signed, begin the entry with the author’s
name. (Look for initials at the end of the entry, then match initials with full name listed
elsewhere). If the encyclopedia or dictionary is arranged alphabetically, you may omit volume
and page numbers. For familiar reference books, omit full publication information and list only
the edition (if stated) and the year of publication.
Examples:
Peers, Michele. “The Open Boat.” Beacham’s Encycolpedia of Popular Fiction. Ed. Kirk H.
Beetz, Ph.D. 11 vols. Osprey, FL: Beacham Publishing Corp., 1998. Print.
“Ginsburg, Ruth Bader.” Who’s Who in America. 56th ed. 2002. Print.
Article in an Online Scholarly Journal That Also Appears in Print
Cite articles in online scholarly journals that also appear in print as you would a scholarly journal
in print, including the page range of the article. Provide the medium of publication that you used
(in this case, Web) and the date of access.
Wheelis, Mark. "Investigating Disease Outbreaks Under a Protocol to the Biological and Toxin
Weapons Convention." Emerging Infectious Diseases 6.6 (2000): 595-600. Web. 8 Feb.
2009.