Download evolution unit assessment

Evolution Review Packet
EVOLUTION UNIT ASSESSMENT
Student Review Packet
Change With Time
I. Vocabulary: Write the letter of the term being defined on the blank to the left of each of the
following definitions.
_____ 1.
All of the genes of a given population
a. fossil
_____ 2.
Plant or animal in the early stage of
development
b. half-life
_____ 3.
Time required for one half of a radioactive
isotope to disintegrate
c. natural selection
d. embryo
_____ 4.
Any evidence of once-living organisms,
such as an imprint or bone
e. gene pool
_____ 5.
Process that ensures the survival of the
fittest in a particular environment
_____ 6.
Change that occurs in a population during
a sequence of generations of organisms
over a long period of time
f. adaptations
_____ 7.
Body parts that are similar in structure
and not necessarily similar in function
h. analogous structures
_____ 8.
Body parts that are reduced in size and/or
have no known function
g. homologous structures
i. vestigial structures
_____ 9.
Body parts that are similar in function but not
similar in structure
_____ 10. Physical and behavioral traits that enable
organisms to survive
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j. evolution
Evolution Review Packet
II. True or False: If the statement is true, write “true.” If the statement is false, write “false”
AND then rewrite the statement to make it true.
11. Mutation and genetic recombination increase the rate of change among organisms.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
12. A species consists of a group of similar-looking organisms that are not able to breed with
one another.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
13. Darwin predicted that the middle intermediate stages of evolutionary development would
be found in transitional fossils.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
14. Darwin’s theory of evolution includes the following concepts:
 organisms usually overproduce;
 all offspring survive to compete for food and shelter; and
 variations exist and are inherited.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
15. According to Lamarck’s hypothesis, an average-sized person who developed large muscles
through exercise would produce children with muscles that are typical of a human.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
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Evolution Review Packet
III. Theory of Evolution:
A. The following statements summarize Darwin’s theory of evolution. Write the term that
completes each statement on the blank to the left.
____________________ 16. Certain organisms are naturally born with genes for variations of
traits that enable them to survive. These variations are passed on
to the next generation through _______ .
____________________ 17. Living organisms face a constant _______ to survive.
____________________ 18. Not all organisms _______ and ________.
____________________ 19. Natural selection results in genetic _______ in a population.
____________________ 20. A species must change and adapt to its environment or it will
become ________ .
WORD BANK:
change
struggle
B.
extinct
survive
reproduce
natural selection
Each of the following statements is represents a component of Darwin’s theory of
evolution. In the space provided, state the component that is illustrated by each example.
21. A pack of wolves chases a herd of deer.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
22. A wild hog produces young with hair color that closely resembles the leaf litter on the
forest floor.
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
23. A coyote eats a young rabbit whose legs are too short and too weak to help it escape.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
24.
The long-necked giraffe is well suited for eating foliage from the tops of the tallest trees.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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Evolution Review Packet
C.
Each diagram below illustrates a different selection process. Name and describe the
process shown in each diagram.
25.
26.
27.
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Evolution Review Packet
Human Evolution
IV. Relatedness of Organisms
A. Use the data in the table below to answer the following questions:
COMPARISON OF AMINO ACID DIFFERENCES
COMPARED WITH HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN
SPECIES
Human
Species A
Species B
Species C
NUMBER OF AMINO ACID
DIFFERENCES
COMPARED WITH HUMAN
HEMOGLOBIN
0
17
5
29
28. Which species is most closely related to humans? __________
29. Which species is most distantly related to humans? __________
30. Explain how a comparison of the differences in the number of amino acids demonstrates
the relatedness between species. _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
B.
Complete the following Concept Map using the words in the word bank.
WORD BANK:
Africa
which
permit
have
5 fingers
have
tails
such
as
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grasping
Homo sapiens Homo erectus
gorillas,
chimps,
or
bonobos
humans
monkeys
primates
prosimians
or
descendants
of
apes
evolved
in
Evolution Review Packet
C.
Constructed-Response Questions: Answer the following questions in complete
sentences.
31. Why was the development of a large brain important to human evolution?
32. If you were looking for early hominid fossils, in what part of the world would you look?
Why?
33. What is the meaning of the term, evolutionary relationship? Provide examples of the types
of evidence a scientist could use to show an evolutionary relationship.
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Evolution Review Packet
34. Define the terms, relative dating and absolute dating. Describe how a scientist uses each of
these methods to help to determine the age of a fossil such as a shark’s tooth?
35. Scientists have calculated that a sample of rock contained 18 g of potassium-40 when it was
formed. It now contains 6 g of potassium-40. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion
years. How old is the rock? (Show your work.)
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Evolution Review Packet
Classification
In the diagram below, write the level of classification in the space that represents it.
Levels of classification:
genus
species
phylum
family
kingdom
class
order
(Refer to page 319 in your Holt biology book.)
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Evolution Review Packet
DNA from four organisms was examined using gel electrophoresis. The results are shown
in the diagram below.
RESULTS OF DNA GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
1
2
3
4
36. According to the data, which of these pairs of organisms is most closely related?
A 1 and 2
B 2 and 3
C 2 and 4
D 3 and 4
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Evolution Review Packet
A team of scientists discovered what they believed to be a new species of fish. Using gel
electrophoresis, they analyzed samples of DNA from the newly discovered fish and from
four known species of fish. The diagram below shows the bands of DNA from the gel
electrophoresis.
RESULTS OF GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
FROM FIVE DIFFERENT FISH
NEWLY
DISCOVERED
FISH
KNOWN
SPECIES
KNOWN
SPECIES
KNOWN
SPECIES
KNOWN
SPECIES
A
B
C
D
KEY
= Bands in the Gel
37. Use the results of the gel electrophoresis to:
 Determine if the newly discovered fish is, in fact, a new species of fish.
 Identify which of the known species is most closely related to the newly discovered fish.
 Explain how the relatedness of the fish can be determined by examining the
location of the bands in the electrophoresis gel.
 Describe other types of evidence that scientists can use to determine relationships
between species.
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Evolution Review Packet
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Evolution Review Packet
The diagram below shows the location within the layers of rock of the fossilized remains of
members of the Genus, Critter.
FOSSIL HISTORY OF THE GENUS, CRITTER
C. hirsutus
C. arboritus
C. longleggus
C. nektonicus
C. subterraneous
C. amphibius
C. aquaticus
C. rapidus
C. terraneous
C. primordius
38. Based on the diagram, which of these is the correct order of age from youngest to
oldest?
A C. rapidus, C. aquaticus, C. longleggus
B C. arboritus, C. amphibious, C. aquaticus
C C. nektonicus, C. amphibious, C. terraneous
D It is not possible to tell the age of these organisms from the information given.
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