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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY EMT 113/4 EXPERIMENT 5 d’ARSONVAL GALVANOMETER MARKS Result Calculation Discussion Conclusion Total % 5 20 5 5 35 100 NAME PROGRAMME MATRIK # GROUP DATE d’Arsonval Galvanometer EMT113/4 EXPERIMENT 5 TITLE : d’ARSONVAL GALVANOMETER OBJECTIVES 1. To find the internal resistance and the current sensitivity of the galvanometer. EQUIPMENTS d’Arsonval Galvanometer kit (mA), digital multimeter and connecting wires. INTRODUCTION The galvanometer contains a coil of wire in a magnetic field, which will experience a torque when a current passes through the wire of the coil. The coil is attached to a pointer and a spring so that the amount of deflection of the pointer is proportional to the current in the wire of the coil. The value of the load resistor (R1) will be set to a specified value and the potential difference provided by the power supply will be varied to obtain a fullscale deflection of the pointer of the galvanometer. The voltage (VFS) required to obtain full-scale deflection will be recorded, without changing the applied voltage (VFS), Add a shunt resistor (RS) in parallel with the galvanometer. Vary the load resistance to get the full-scale deflection in the galvanometer. The new load resistance, R2 will be recorded. In both circuits, the potential difference supplied by the power supply is the same as is the current passing through the galvanometer (full-scale deflection in both circuits). Application of Kirchhoff’s rules to the two circuits results in the following expression for the value of the internal resistance of the galvanometer (Rg). Rg = [ RS ( R1-R2 ) ] / R2 The current sensitivity (K) can be obtained form the measurement by using this formula K = VFS / [ N( R1+R2 ) ] where, N = number of major divisions of the galvanometer scale for a full-scale deflection of the pointer R1 = load resistor in circuit 1 R2 = load resistor in circuit 2 RS = value of shunt resistor parallel to galvanometer VFS = voltage at full-scale deflection of the pointer in galvanometer PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK 1 d’Arsonval Galvanometer EMT113/4 PROCEDURE 1. Adjust the pointer scale of galvanometer of the d’Arsonval galvanometer trainer kit exactly to 0. 2. Set the resistance box, R1 to 2.2 kΩ. Keep the voltage knob in minimum position, 0V. Connect the circuit as in the Figure 5-1 below. Figure 5-1 Set up of circuit connection 3. Turn ON the supply, The galvanometer pointer will deflect towards right hand side or left hand side. Next, vary the 0-5V potential knob until the galvanometer shows its maximum deflection, which the pointer should comes to 30 positions (divisions). 4. Now, connect the digital multimeter across the 0-5V terminal to measure the voltage and record this value. This voltage is called as VFS. 5. Turn OFF the supply and do not disturb the voltage knob. Now connect the resistance, RS and construct the circuit as in Figure 5-2 below. Select the 10 Ω for RS. Note that, now R1 is change to R2. Switch ON the instrument, then the pointer of the galvanometer will return back by a few divisions. Figure 5-2 The circuit diagram with shunt resistor, RS 6. Next, do not disturb the voltage knob.Adjust the resistance box, R2 until the pointer scale comes to full scale deflection which is 30 positions (divisions). Observe the pointer of the galvanometer. PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK 2 EMT113/4 d’Arsonval Galvanometer 7. Turn OFF the supply and disconnect R2. Measure the absolute values of R2 using multimeter and record the value in the table. 8. Finally disconnect the galvanometer from the circuit and connect multimeter across the terminal of galvanometer to measure its internal resistance. Record the value as Rg. 9. The values of VFS, R1, R2, RS, and Rg are known, so determine the galvanometer resistance, Rg by calculation. Then calculate its current sensitivity, K. 10. Repeat from step 5 with Rs = 5Ω and Rs = 2Ω. Record all the measured values. 11. Next, change the value of R1 to 1.2kΩ for Rs = 10Ω , 5Ω and 2Ω respectively. Repeat from step 2. 12. Calculate the Mean of calculated Rg and Mean of K. 13. Calculate the percentage error of Rg. Note: Record all value for R2 which is measured from multimeter only. PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK 3 EMT113/4 d’Arsonval Galvanometer RESULT PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK 4 EMT113/4 d’Arsonval Galvanometer CALCULATION PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK 5 EMT113/4 PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK d’Arsonval Galvanometer 6 OP-AMP SINEWAVE 'NON-INVERT' d’Arsonval Galvanometer output voltage input EMT113/4 DISCUSSION Based on the experiments, discussed your measurement and theoretical result. time CONCLUSION Based on your measurement data, make your overall conclusion by referring to the objective of this experiment. (your answer should be in simple notes). PUSAT PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN MIKROELEKTRONIK 7