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Reading Guide Pages 100-104 Reptiles: Lizards and Snakes Name:____________________________________ Grade_______ 1) What is a reptile? Ectothermic vertebrate that has lungs and scaly skin 2) What are some examples of reptiles? Snakes lizards turtles and alligators 3) Reptiles were the first vertebrates especially adapted for____________________________________. Life on land 4) What parts of a reptile are especially adapted to conserve water? Eggs, skin and kidneys 5) Do reptiles have internal or external fertilization? internal 6) What do reptile eggs have as extra protection to keep them from drying out? Membranes and a shell 7) Reptile eggs look like bird eggs except They are soft and leather instead of rigid 8) What are the tiny holes, or pores in reptile eggs for? Letting oxygen in and carbon dioxide out 9) How many membranes does a reptile egg have AND what are their jobs? There are 3 membranes 1) holds liquid that surrounds embryo job= protects keeps moist 2) holds the yolk which provides food for the embryo 3) holds the embryos waste 10) Describe a reptile’s skin Dry tough and covered with scales 11) What are the two functions of a reptile’s skin? Protection and keeps water inside 12) How do reptiles get oxygen? Breathe with lungs 13) How many loops do most reptiles have in their circulatory system? Two loops 14) How is the reptile heart similar to an amphibian heart? 3 chambers named 2 atrium and 1 ventricle, blood moves out of the heart in similar way (2 loops), mixing of blood in the ventricle 15) Most reptiles alive today are either snakes or_________________? lizards 16) What characteristics do snakes and lizards have in common? Skin covered with overlapping scales, both molt, live in warm areas 17) What are some differences between lizards and snakes? Lizard 4 legs usually with claws snakes have no legs Lizards external ears snakes internal ears Lizards tails snakes long streamlined body Lizards eyelids snakes no eyelids 18) Are lizards carnivores or herbivores? They are both depending on the species Urine – watery fluid containing the waste of an animal. Concentrated in reptiles