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Adenine
Organic base which is
complementary to
thymine.
Guanine
Organic base which is
complementary to
cytosine.
Allele
A different form of the
same gene.
* Haploid
Name given to half the
normal number of
chromosomes (n).
Bacteriophage
A virus that infects a
bacteria.
Helicase
Chromosome
46 of these are found
in somatic (body) cells.
Condensation
The process how
nucleotides are joined
to form long chains.
The enzyme which
breaks hydrogen
bonds, involved in DNA
replication.
Duo that discovered it
was DNA not protein
that carries genetic
information, using
bacteriophages.
Proteins which are
associated to DNA in
eukaryotes.
Cytosine
* Diploid
DNA
polymerase
Double-helix
Gene
Organic base which is
complementary to
guanine.
Name given to the total
number of
chromosomes (2n).
The enzyme involved in
joining free
nucleotides, involved in
DNA replication.
Term used to describe
the shape of a DNA
molecule.
A section on a
chromosome which
codes for a particular
protein.
Hershey-Chase
* Histone
Hydrogen
bonds
Locus
Bases are joined by
these, 3 between GC
and 2 between AT.
The position of a gene
on a chromosome.
Meselson and
Stahl
Duo that proved how
DNA replicates, using
bacteria and nitrogen.
* Nucleoid
A region in a
prokaryotic cell where
the DNA is located, but
does not have a
nuclear membrane.
Nucleotide
Pentose
Comprises of a pentose
sugar, nitrogenous
base and a phosphate
group.
Five carbon sugar
found in a nucleotide.
Phosphodiester
bond
The bond formed
between two
nucleotides.
* Plasmids
DNA found as a circular
molecule in
prokaryotes.
Semiconservative
Describes how DNA
replicates and one ‘old’
strand is kept.
SugarPhosphate
Backbone
Backbone found on the
outside of the DNA
helix.
Thymine
Organic base which is
complementary to
adenine.
Triplet
Three bases which code
for a particular amino
acid.