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Unit 4 Study Assignment
1, Explain the difference between sensation and perception.
2. What is Bottom-up Processing?:
Give a definition:
Provide an example:
3. What is Top-Up Processing?
Give a definition:
Provide an example:
4. Explain how selective attention effects each of the following:
The cocktail party effect:
Accidents:
5.
What is the idea behind Selective Inattention, sometimes called “change blindess”?
6. Describe Absolute Threshold:
7. What is Signal Detection Theory?
Provide an explanation:
Give an example of Signal Detection Theory:
8. What is the literal meaning of Subliminal Stimulation?
9. What has research found about the effectiveness of subliminal stimulation?
10. What is “Just Noticeable Difference”?
11. Explain Weber’s Law.
12. Discuss the concept of Sensory Adapation. Include a definition, and explain
the following:
How do sensory receptors respond to novelty?
How do sensory receptors react to repetition?
13. Wavelength is __________________ and determines __________
14. Intensity is _______________determined by a wavelength’s __________________.
15. On page 126, Figure 4.10 shows the eye, and labels the important structures. In the
space below, reproduce that drawing. Label each part of the eye, but add the function of
each part following your label.
16. Explain how accommodation is involved in focusing incoming rays.
17. Messages in the optic nerve are sent through _______________fibers.
18. Why can you not see colors in dim light? Be sure to include to mention the name of
the structure that enables black and white vision.
19. Explain how feature detector cells work.
20. Explain Parallel Processing.
21.
Explain where color really “resides.”
22. Explain the Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic Theory.
23. Explain the Opponent-Process theory of vision.
31. The strength or amplitude of a soundwave determines__________________.
32.
Frequency is the ______________ of a soundwave.
33.
Frequency determines ____________.
34.
Explain the function of each of the following in transforming sound into hearing:
a.
Middle Ear
b. Eardrum
c. Cochlea
d. Basilar Membrane
35. What is Hermann Von Hemholtz’s theory on hearing? Name and describe it.
36. Frequency theory suggests an alternate method of perceiving pitch. Discuss how it
differs from Hemholtz’s theory.
37. Explain how we locate sound.
38. What is the difference between conduction hearing loss and sensorineural hearing
loss?
39. Summarize the ideas in “Living in a Silent World.”
40. What is the reaction of the deaf community to cochlear implants?
41. Where are sensors involved that enable kinesthesis?
42. Where is the structure that enables vestibular sense located?
Location
Structures:
a.
b.
Explanation:
43. Explain what the sense of touch really is.
44. Which sensation involved with touch has identifiable receptors?
45. Explain where the structures enabling pain are located.
46. What is Gate-Control Theory?
47. What are the effects of distraction and endorphins on pain?
46. How do social-cultural influences affect perception of pain?
53. Name the five taste sensations
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
54. How would an evolutionary psychologist explain the need for taste?
55. Taste is a ____________________ sense.
56. How often do taste receptors reproduce themselves?
57. How does age affect taste?
58. Explain sensory interaction as it relates taste.
59. Smell is processed by _______________ ________________ cells.
60. What does smell bypass?
61. Look at figure 4-28 and use that information to describe the path of smell to the
brain.
62. We do not have distinct _____________ for each detectable odor.
63. Explain why smell can trigger memories.
Perceptual Organization
64. According to Gestalt psychology, when we are perceiving information, we perceive
it as a ____________________________….
65. Define and explain each of the following organizational principles explained by
Gestalt organizational principles:
Figure and Ground:
Grouping:
Proximity:
Similarity:
Continuity:
Connectedness:
Closure:
66. How does depth perception work?
67. What is a visual cliff?
Explain the findings of visual cliff/infant research.
68. What is a binocular cue?
69. Explain the following binocular cues:
Retinal Desparity:
Convergence:
70.
What is a monocular cue?
71 Explain the monocular cues:
Relative size:
Interposition:
Relative Clarity:
Texture Gradient:
Relative Height:
Relative Motion:
Linear Perspective:
Light and Shadow:
71. Give an example of Phi Phenomenon.
72. What does perceptual constancy allow?
73. Explain shape and size constancy.
74. Explain lightness constancy.
75. Explain color constancy.
76. Explain perceptual adaptation.
77. How does perceptual set influence what we perceive? Include an example of
perceptual set as part of your explanation. (define and apply)
78. Explain how perceptual sets are determined.
79. What is a schema? How does a schema affect perception?
Definition:
Affect:
81. How does context effect our perceptions?
83. What is Extra-sensory perception?
84. How does Parapsychlogy relate to ESP/
84. Discuss ESP research and findings.