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Cells Unit Test Review
Cell Biologist: _________________________
Period: ______ Date: ___________
Review the parts of the microscope, types of cells, cell structures, plasma membrane, membrane diffusion and transport,
photosynthesis, and cellular respiration!
Microscope:
1. Calculate the total magnification of an eyepiece lens with a magnification of x10 and an objective lens with a magnification of x10.
2. Describe the steps required to focus on the object mounted in a slide.
3. Describe the steps to create a wet mount slide.
Cells:
4. Describe the three parts of the Cell Theory.
5. What are the two major types of cells?
6. What is a prokaryotic cell? What structures would you expect to find in a prokaryote?
7. What is a eukaryotic cell? What are the two types of eukaryotic cell discussed in class?
8. Identify the cells below as plant or animal, and then identify the structures in the diagrams below
9. If a cell has a high energy requirement would you expect the cell to have many mitochondria of few mitochondria? Why?
10. If a cell’s main function is to produce proteins to be excreted, such as cells on the pancreas, which organelles would expect to be
larger or more prevalent? Why?
11. Describe the functions of the cell structures identified in question 8 above.
Cell Boundaries:
12. Explain how the fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane.
13. Explain the main functions of the cell membrane.
14. Define the terms hydrophilic and hydrophobic. Use the terms polar and nonpolar in your description.
15. Draw a phospholipid molecule and label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
16. Draw a small section of a phospholipids billayer, use the diagram to explain why the cell membrane is selectively permeable.
17. Explain the processes of diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis.
18. Draw three diagrams, one of a cell in a hypertonic solution, one of a cell in an isotonic solution, and one of a cell in a hypotonic
solution. Describe each solution in terms of solute concentration and water concentration compared to the cell. Use arrows to show the
net movement of water.
19. A person becomes dehydrated due to loss of fluids and solutes, saline solution (water and salts) is diffused into the bloodstream.
Why is it important to use saline solution instead of pure water? What can you predict about the concentration of the saline solution
compared to the concentration of blood?
Photosynthesis:
20. State the overall balanced equation for photosynthesis.
21. Explain where plants get the energy they need to produce food.
22. Explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs.
23. Identify the three parts of an ATP molecule and describe how ATP is able to store and release energy.
24. Describe the role of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis
25. Describe the structures and functions of a chloroplast.
26. Describe what happens in the light-dependent reaction and identify where in the chloroplast this reaction occurs. Know the
reactants and products for this reaction.
27. Explain what the Calvin Cycle is and identify where in the chloroplast this cycle occurs. Know the reactants and products for this
reaction.
28. Identify the factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis.
Cellular Respiration:
29. Define the term calorie.
30. Explain what cellular respiration is and name the three main steps of cellular respiration.
31. Describe what happens during the process of glycolysis. Identify the reactants and products of glycolysis.
32. Name the two main types of fermentation and explain how they are used in everyday life. Describe the products of both types of
fermentation.
33. Describe what happens during the Krebs Cycle.
34. Explain how high energy electrons are used by the electron transport chain to make ATP.
35. Describe how many molecules of ATP are made during glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
36. Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration.