* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Chapter 6 Electricity: Electrical Circuit
Survey
Document related concepts
Operational amplifier wikipedia , lookup
Power electronics wikipedia , lookup
Switched-mode power supply wikipedia , lookup
Valve RF amplifier wikipedia , lookup
Power MOSFET wikipedia , lookup
Nanofluidic circuitry wikipedia , lookup
Resistive opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Regenerative circuit wikipedia , lookup
Flexible electronics wikipedia , lookup
Surge protector wikipedia , lookup
Current mirror wikipedia , lookup
Integrated circuit wikipedia , lookup
Index of electronics articles wikipedia , lookup
Opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Chapter 6 Electricity Lesson 2 – Electric Circuits Main Idea Electric current is a flow of electrical charges. Electric current will only flow through a complete circuit. Vocabulary o Electric current (298) – a flow of electrical charge o Circuit (299) – path along which electric current flows o Series circuit (300) – electrical charges flow in the same direction along a single path o Parallel circuit (302) – a circuit in which the electrical current flows through more than one path o Voltage (304) – the strength if a power source o Resistance (304) – ability of a substance to oppose or slow down electric current What is electric current? Main Idea A flow of electrical charges is known as electric current. Current only flows through closed circuits. Supporting Details 1. A flow of electrical charges is known as an electric current. 2. Electric currents keep charges moving like water flowing in a river or a stream. 3. Circuit a. The path along which electric current flows is a circuit. b. A simple circuit has three basic parts i. Power source such as the battery ii. Connectors, such as wires iii. Switch turns electric currents on an off 4. Open and Closed Circuit a. A complete, unbroken circuit is called a closed circuit b. A circuit with a break is an open circuit. Electric charges cannot flow in an open circuit. What is a serial circuit? Main Idea Serial circuits have one path for electric current. Supporting Details 1. A series circuit is when all electric charges flow in the same direction along a single path. 2. The parts of a series circuit are connected in one loop. 3. The electric current moves from the power source, through the wires, to one load. It then moves to another load. It returns through a wire to the power source. 4. A circuit is a series circuit as long as all of the parts are connects one after another. 5. If any part of a series circuit is removed or broken, the circuit is open and no current can flow through it. What is a parallel circuit? Main Idea Parallel circuits have many paths. Supporting Details 1. A parallel circuit is a circuit in which the electric current flows though more than one path. 2. The different paths are often called branches. 3. Some of the electric current flows through one branch while some flows through the other branches. 4. If any branch of a parallel circuit is removed or breaks, electric current still flows through the other branches. 5. Many circuits in electrical devices are a combination of series and parallel circuits. What affects electric current? Main Idea The amount of current that flows through a circuit depends on voltage and resistance. Supporting Details 1. The amount of electric current that can flow through a circuit depends on voltage and resistance. 2. Voltage a. Voltage is the strength of a power source. b. A power source with more voltage can produce more electric current. c. Voltage is measured in volts. i. A D cell battery has 1.5 volts. ii. Most wall outlets which gets power from a power plant have 120 volts. 3. Resistance a. Resistance is the ability of a substance to oppose or slow down electric currents. b. Increasing the resistance of a circuit decreases the flow of electrical charges through it. c. Resistance allows electrical energy to be changed into other forms of energy such as light and heat. d. Copper wires are good conductors. They have little resistance so they can carry a great deal of electric current. e. Rubber is an insulator that has a large amount of resistance. 4. Short Circuit a. A path with no resistance is sometimes called a short circuit. b. A short circuit can stop the rest of the circuit from operating properly. c. The wires may heat up and may cause a fire.