Download Mental Health Student Notes - Hatboro

Self- Esteem
Also known as self, self-image, self-respect, self-_______________
Definition- Self esteem is the way you feel about yourself and the opinion that you have of yourself.
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A person’s self esteem is directly related to their level of
.
o
self esteem can help you:
 ______________________________
 Try new things and get to know new people
 Deal with disappointment, mistakes, and failure
 ______________________________
 Feel more in control of your life
 Find friends who appreciate you for who you are
 _______________________________
o
self-esteem may lead you to:
 Cave in to peer pressure
 Avoid trying new things
 Fall apart during tough times
 Feel unloved and unwanted
 Remain in abusive or unhealthy relationships
 ____________________________________
How is self esteem formed?
o Self esteem is primarily formed by the
provided to us by others and
.
 The way others see and treat us and how we see ourselves ever since birth!
o Feedback can be
:
 Positive examples: “Great job”, “
”, “You are very thoughtful”
 Negative examples: “You are not worth anything”, “ You stink”, You are a loser”
o Feedback can be
:
 Positive examples, hugs, positive looks
 Negative examples- Dirty looks, ____________________
o Feedback we provide
:
 Positive examples of thoughts/feelings- “
”, “I deserve good
things”, “ I am going to do well”
 Negative examples of thoughts/feelings- “I am going to fail”, “I am fat”,
“_____________________________”
o It is important to remember that we (as friends, teachers, siblings, etc) have a lot of
control over the feedback we provide to others!
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-To use
strength or influence to intimidate someone, typically
to
him or her to do what one wants.
o Warning signs that someone could be being bullied:
 _________________________________
 Difficulty sleeping or frequent nightmares
 Feelings of helplessness or decreased self esteem
 _________________________________
 _________________________________
 Lost or destroyed clothing, books, electronics, or jewelry
o Signs that someone could be bullying others:
 Frequent problems at school
 Blame others for their problems
 ___________________________________
 Have unexplained extra money or new belongings
 ___________________________________
 Increasingly concerned about popularity
If you know someone who is in distress or danger, don’t ignore the problem. It is important to get
help right away:
o Seek out help from adults (teachers, counselors, parents)
o Call 911 in a physical emergency
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Personality
Definition- A set of characteristics that makes you _____________and sets you apart from everyone else.
o Where does personality come from?
o
-biological passing on of traits noticed as early as infancy
o
-activities and experiences learned through your surroundings; can have
a positive and/or negative affect
o
-copying others
o
-being rewarded/punished for pleasant/unpleasant behaviors
o
-learning values, interests, etc. through people who are close to you
(bullying vs. positive feedback and self-esteem)
o
-learning from your actions/decisions; somewhat determined by brain’s
anatomical development:
o The most
part of the human body
o Weighs about
pounds
o Controls
, behavior and ______________________
o Amygdala
o
center of the brain.
o Can over-rule
part of brain when upset.
o Teens rely on this for gut reactions whereas adults rely more
heavily on the __________________________
o Prefrontal Cortex
o
part of brain responsible for reasoning and
.
o Develops up to age ___________
o What are some examples of personality types?
o Type A vs. Type B
o Type A and Type B are two broad personality types. Neither type A or B are better
than the other. Being aware of your personality can help eliminate some stress in
your life!
o Type ___- More competitive, rushed, time oriented, more “
” mentality
o Type
, less rushed, low stress
o Extrovert vs. Introvert
o
- Expressive,
, energized by being ________________
o
- Energized by being _____________, sometimes avoid social
situations, tends to be quieter
o Does the fulfillment of needs have an impact on personality?
o
. Abraham Maslow suggests that our personalities are formed largely on
the following
and how well each level is fulfilled.
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o
o
o
o
1st2nd3rd4th-
Needs (food, water,
,
, etc.)
Needs (to belong, to be
, to feel needed, to feel
)
Needs (to know, to explore a
)
(to be the best that one can be)
o How do our personalities affect our lives?
o Groups of friends we associate with
o __________________________________
o Relationships
o Social situations we choose to be a part of
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Stress
Stress- what you feel when you have to handle more than you are used to
Types of Stress
Distress-ex.
stress; produces a
outcome
Eustressstress; produces a
outcome
-ex. ___________________________________________
Acute (
) the body's
response to any situation that seems
demanding or dangerous; body recovers
but problems can occur if
it happens
or if your body doesn’t have a chance to
.
Chronic (
) stress stressful situations or events that last over a long
period of time. (Ex.difficulty with your job or
).
-any stimulus that produces a stress response (can be biological, environmental, cognitive,
personal behavior, life situation)
Effects of Stress
Acute Stress Symptoms
 _____________________
 Stiff neck/tight shoulders
 Back pain
 Fast breathing
 _______________________
 Upset stomach, nausea, or diarrhea
 _____________________
 Others?
Chronic Stress Symptoms
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Immune system-more susceptible to __________________________
Heart-high blood pressure, abnormal heartbeat, blood clots, hardening of the arteries;
linked to coronary artery disease,
, and , heart failure.
Muscles- constant tension creates muscle aches and pains and may make
________________________________ worse
Stomach-intensifies already existing problems such as reflux,
, or irritable
bowel syndrome.
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Body Composition-______________________
Reproductive organs, erection problems, problems during pregnancy,
and painful
.
Lungs-intensifies asthma
Skin-____________, psoriasis
Mind-cranky, unable to deal with even small problems, frustrated, short temper,
jumpy/tired, difficulty focusing on small tasks, excessive worry about small things,
imagining that bad things are happening or about to happen, ____________, _______
Anxiety- an emotion that is characterized by a feeling of apprehension, nervousness, or fear
Causes:
 Mental conditions such as panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, phobic disorders, or stress
disorders
 Effects of drug use
 Physical Conditions
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(stress hormones cortisol and corticotropin-releasing hormone help us
respond to immediate threats, but if stress stays high instead of easing up, those hormones could
boost anxiety and lead to mood disorders)
o Common External Factors related to anxiety
 Stress at work
 Stress at school
 Stress in a personal relationship
 Stress with finances
 Stress from emotional trauma such as a death
 Stress from a medical illness
Panic attacks- intense periods of fear or feelings of doom developing over a very short time
frame -- up to 10 minutes -- and associated with at least four of the following:
 Sudden overwhelming fear
 Palpitations
 Sweating
 Trembling
 Shortness of breath
 Sense of choking
 _______________
 Nausea
 _______________
 A feeling of being detached from the world (de-realization)
 Fear of dying
 Numbness or tingling in the limbs or entire body
 Chills or hot flushes
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Stress Management
Ways to Avoid Stress
We are exposed to stressors all throughout our lives. We can’t avoid them, but we can try to make some
changes in our lives that can help prevent stress. Here are some examples:
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Stay healthy (physical, mental, emotional, etc.
Find a balance.
Have a sense of
.
Get enough sleep.
o ______to _____hrs.a day.
o Get what you need.
o Go to bed early. Get up early.(Every hour of sleep before midnight is worth 2 after)
o __________________________
o __________________________
Eat a healthy diet
Don’t drink/use drugs
_________________________
Manage your time/Set Priorities
Have a support system
Assertive Communication-Its okay to say no.
Focus on the Present (“
.”)
Positive Thinking
____________________________________
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Some stress is inevitable. We all find ways of coping with stress. How do you cope?
Negative coping responses
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_____________________
______________________
Eating too much or too little
Abusing substances
Yelling at your spouse, children, or friends
________________________
Positive coping responses
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_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
Stress-relieving techniques created specifically for relaxing the body/mind
o Breathing exercises (deep breathing)
o Progressive muscle relaxation
o Yoga
o Meditation
o Creative Visualization
o Guided Imagery
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Mental Disorders
A mental ______- illness of the mind that can affect the
him or her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life.
, feelings, and
of a person,
1. ___________belongs to a group of developmental disabilities called autism _______disorders.
The name "spectrum " stems from the fact that these disorders affect each child differently.
These disorders involve delays in the development of many basic skills, including the abilities to
socialize or form _________with others and to communicate effectively. Children with autism
may also have intellectual disabilities and behavioral challenges.
2.
stands for Attention Deficit
Disorder. It is a condition that affects the
areas of the brain that help us to control impulses, concentrate, and_______________.
3. ____________________(or GAD) is characterized by excessive, exaggerated ________and
worry about everyday life events with no obvious reasons for worry.
4.
(ASP disorder) is a mental illness that usually becomes apparent
during adolescence, before the age of fifteen. Symptoms usually include antisocial behavior in
which there is little concern for the rights of others such as indifference to the
or legal
standards of the region or community.
5.
disease damages the___________. It causes a steady loss of memory and
of how well you can speak, think, and carry on daily activities.
6. ______________ disorder is a
genetic disorder. The mood swings associated with it
alternate from major, or clinical, depression to
or extreme elation.
7.
depression: when feelings of intense sadness -- including feeling helpless,
and worthless last for many days to
and keep you from functioning normally.
,
8. Eating disorders, including
nervosa and
nervosa, are
disorders
that involve extreme disturbances in eating behavior.
1. Anorexia nervosa, also called anorexia, is a potentially life-threatening eating disorder that
is characterized by selfand excessive weight
.
2. Bulimia nervosa, also called
, is a psychological eating disorder that is
characterized by episodes of
eating (consuming a large quantity of food in one
sitting) followed by inappropriate methods of weight control, such as vomiting, fasting,
enemas, excessive use of laxatives and diuretics, or
exercising.
9. ___________________________: OCD is an anxiety disorder characterized by intense,
recurrent, unwanted thoughts and ____________that are beyond the person's control.
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10._____________________: An anxiety illness characterized by attacks of anxiety or terror,
often, but not always, occurring unexpectedly and without reason
11.______________________ is a chronic progressive neurological disease that affects a small
area of nerve cells in an area of the brain known as the substantia nigra. Parkinson's disease
causes these nerve cells to die, and as a result, body movements are affected.
12._______: an extreme fear of a specific object or situation that is not harmful under usual
conditions.
13.
: Condition in which a person who has experienced or
witnessed a traumatic event feels severe and long-lasting aftereffects.
14.
expresses
: a serious brain disorder that distorts the way a person thinks, acts,
emotions, perceives reality, and relates to others
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Suicide
The tragedy of a young person dying because of overwhelming hopelessness or frustration is devastating
to family, friends, and community. Parents, siblings, classmates, coaches, and neighbors might be left
wondering if they could have done something to prevent that young person from turning to suicide.
Learning more about factors that might lead an adolescent to suicide may help prevent further tragedies.
Even though it's not always preventable, it's always a good idea to be informed and take action to help a
troubled teenager.
Which Teens are at risk?
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Young people with
health problems —such as anxiety,
, bipolar disorder, or
____________— are at higher risk for suicidal thoughts.
Teens going through major life changes (parents' divorce, moving, a parent leaving home due to
military service or parental separation, financial changes)
Those who are victims of bullying are at greater risk of suicidal thoughts
Factors that increase the risk of suicide among teenagers include
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a
disorder, especially depression, bipolar disorder, and alcohol and drug use
(in fact, approximately
% of people who die by suicide have a psychological disorder at the
time of death)
feelings of
, irritability, or agitation
feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness that often accompany depression
a previous suicide attempt
drug and alcohol abuse
a family history of depression or suicide
emotional, physical, or sexual ____________________
lack of a support network, poor relationships with parents or peers, and feelings of social isolation
dealing with bisexuality or homosexuality in an unsupportive family or community or hostile school
environment
loss of a loved one (death, divorce, break-up)
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Warning Signs
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talk about
or death in general
give hints that they might not be around anymore
talk about feeling hopeless or feeling guilty
pull away from
or family
write songs, poems, or letters about ___________________________
start giving away
to siblings or friends
lose the desire to take part in favorite things or activities
have trouble concentrating or thinking clearly
experience changes in eating or sleeping habits
engage in
behaviors
lose interest in
or sports
What can I do if I am noticing warning signs in someone I know?
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Listen and show ___________________
_________________________________
Talk openly and freely
_________________________________
Tell them that suicide is not the answer
Make sure no weapons/drugs are available
_________________________________
Do not make the promise, “I’ll keep it a secret.”
Do not take the burden entirely upon your shoulders alone. Find someone to help you, help them.
Call a hotline
TEEN SUICIDE…… “A Permanent Solution to a
Cutting
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Coping mechanism for dealing with _________________________
Cutting is the act of
inflicting harm on oneself.
Cutting isn’t a suicide attempt.
It is most common on the hands, wrists, stomach, and thighs.
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Problem”
5 Stages of
:
–Denial is usually only a temporary defense for the individual.
–Once in the second stage, the individual recognizes that denial cannot continue.
–The third stage involves the hope that the individual can somehow postpone
or
death.
4.
–It is an important time for grieving that must be processed.
5.
–In this last stage, the individual begins to come to terms with their mortality
or that of their loved one
1.
2.
3.
Many people do not experience the stages in the order listed below, which is okay. The key to
understanding the stages is not to feel like you must go through every one of them, in precise order.
Instead, its’ more helpful to look at them as guides in the grieving process—it helps you understand
and put into context where you are.
Professional Help for Mental Health Problems
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– diagnoses and treats mental disorders through various types of ___________
– medical doctor who diagnoses and treats mental disorders and can
__________________________
– Physician who is trained to investigate, diagnose and treat neurological
disorders; performs _______________
– Professionals who have a degree in working with young people and helping
them in
or
matters
– One who concentrates on psychiatric casework and provides a link between the
medical service center and the client and ____________________________
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