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Factors Affecting Climate Altitude/Elevation 1. Air pressure decreases as altitude increases. It happens because the air becomes thinner and it holds less heat. Therefore, the overall temperature is colder at places with high altitude. 2. Temp. drop 4°F every 1000 feet. Latitude Latitude affects climate by influencing the intensity of the sun or the solar energy received in a region. The angle and duration of the sun's energy determine surface temperature so that higher latitudes receive less heat, but lower latitudes closer to the equator receive significantly more heat. Summers in the northern hemisphere and winters in the southern hemisphere the tilt of the earth is the key. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun. This leads to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere as the Northern Hemisphere experiences the most direct sunlight and solar heating Winters in the northern hemisphere and summers in the southern hemisphere During winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, which now experiences summer Transitional phase of earth This phase happens when the sun is being focused directly at the equator and both the hemisphere receives equal amount of sunlight. Distance From Sea The sea moderates the climate. The water heats up and cools down slowly as compared to the land. This means that coastal locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter as compared to the inland places with same latitude and altitude. e Prevailing winds The prevailing wind is the most frequent wind direction a location experiences. Winds that blow from the sea often bring rain to the coast and dry weather to inland areas. The winds that blow from inland areas will be cold example winds from central Europe Ocean Currents Ocean currents can increase or reduce temperatures. Vegetation Plants take in CO2 (the most abandoned green house gas) through the process of photosynthesis which Leeds to less trapping of sun radiation. Plants also cool the landscape directly through the process known as transpiration. When the surrounding atmosphere heats up, plants will often release excess water into the air. Biomes Large scale eco-system are called biomes There are 10 major biomes Different types of whether Desert When people think of a desert, they imagine hot, dry and barren areas without water. Although this is one type of desert, there are other areas that most would not think of as a desert. Tropical Desert It is the hottest biome of the world It is an area with less precipitation and with extreme climates Equatorial wind belts Most of the world deserts are made by theequatorial wind belts. At the equator warm air is always rising. This created wind belts that blow north and south away from the equator. And when air descends at the tropics of cancer and Capricorn it is too dry for clouds to form. No clouds means no rain producing Deserts. Eg- shara desert Rainshadow Rainshadow also produce Deserts. Any moisture in the air will fall as air passes high mountain ranges, so land beyond the mountains receives little or no rain. Cold Currents Cold Currents also produce deserts. The southwestern coasts of Africa and South America are swept by cold currents upwelling from the ocean floor. These currents cool the air that passes over them, causing the water in the air to fall as rain before it reaches the land. Living in the desert People who live in deserts must protect themselves from high temperatures during the daytime and low temperatures at night and in the winter. Some people live in mud houses that are painted white . They keep out the heat during the daytime and protect people from cold The nomads wear long woolen robes called barracans for protection against the hot sun and stinging sandstorms. They wear turbans wound around the head and neck and sandals to guard their feet on the hot ground. Human activities in desert Building solar power plants is the latest human activity developed in hot desert areas. Extreme temperatures in deserts makes it the ideal place for producing solar energy. Hot deserts are attractive places for adventurous tourists in various countries. Hot deserts are a source of enormous wealth in natural resources like petroleum and copper. Bibliography http://www.ask.com/science/latitude-affect-climate- 931da822a61c6c45 http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/edu/k12/.Tilt http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/606540/ tropical-and-subtropical-desert-climate http://www.ehow.com/info_8203053_human-activityhot-deserts.html