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Name Class Date 15.1 Earth’s Atmosphere Key Concepts Properties of the atmosphere include its composition, relative humidity, temperature, and air pressure. The main layers of the atmosphere are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere. Processes that affect weather in the troposphere include heat transfer and the interaction of air masses. Vocabulary Preview Define each vocabulary term in your own words. Then, write yourself a quick note on how you will remember each. One term has been done for you. Term Definition How I Remember Atmosphere Relative humidity Air pressure The force exerted by air on the area below it Troposphere Stratosphere Ozone layer Mesosphere 263 I think of how the air escapes out of the tire when my bike gets a flat. Name Class Term Definition Date How I Remember Thermosphere Radiation Conduction Convection Convection current Air mass Front Reading Strategy Fill in the chart to preview the lesson. Then, write one sentence to explain what you think this lesson will be about. What is the title of this lesson? Which vocabulary words are new for you? Which key concept includes the main layers of the atmosphere? 264 Name Class Date What does the diagram under the heading, The Troposphere and Weather seem to show? Properties of the Atmosphere 1. Fill in the cluster diagram with the chemical formula and a short description for nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor. For nitrogen and oxygen, include the approximate percentage of each in Earth’s atmosphere. Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere Nitrogen Oxygen Water Vapor 2. What does it mean to say that the average daytime relative humidity of a particular city is 31 percent? 3. Explain how a cloud forms. 4. What general statement can be made about the relationship between air pressure and altitude? 265 Name Class Date Layers of the Atmosphere 5. Fill in the chart with information about each layer of the atmosphere. Layer Distance in Relation to Sea Level Information About Temperature Information About the Air Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere 6. What are the divisions in Earth’s atmosphere primarily based upon? The Troposphere and Weather 7. Describe the movement of heat between two substances of different temperatures. 8. Why does the surface of a black car feel warmer on a sunny day than the surface of a white car? 9. Compare and contrast convection and conduction. 266 Name Class Date 10. Summarize what happens when a colder, drier air mass pushes against a warmer, moister air mass. 11. Use terms from the word bank to label the diagram. cool air light precipitation warm air warm front Answer the questions to test your knowledge of lesson concepts. You can check your work using the answers on the bottom of the page. 12. Which gas makes up most of Earth’s atmosphere? 13. What heats the atmosphere? 14. What causes winds and also moves heat through the atmosphere? 267