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Mitosis/ Meiosis – Asexual/ Sexual Reproduction 1. What is mitosis? 2. In what type of cell(s) does mitosis occur? ____________________________ 3. Why must cells reproduce? 1. _________________ 2. __________________ 4. What is the cell cycle? 5. What is the longest part of the cell cycle? _______________________________ What is happening during this time? 6. Complete the following chart naming each phase of mitosis, drawing a picture of each phase and explaining what is happening in each. 7. How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis? 8. What is the chromosome number in a parent cell reproducing by mitosis? ________________ 9. What is the chromosome number in the daughter cells produced by mitosis? ________________ 10. What will the daughter cells, produced by mitosis, look like? 11. What is asexual reproduction? 12. Name five different types of asexual reproduction? Give an example of each type of asexual reproduction. 1. ________________________________ EX. ___________________________ 2. ________________________________ EX. ___________________________ 3. ________________________________ EX. ___________________________ 4. ________________________________ EX. ___________________________ 5. ________________________________ EX. ___________________________ 13. What is meiosis? 14. What kind of cells are produced by meiosis? 15. Why does meiosis occur? 16. How many phases are involved in meiosis? ________________ . How many times does the cell divide in meiosis? ___________ 17. What is the chromosome number in each cell at the end of meiosis? __________________ 18. Complete the following chart for humans undergoing meiosis. Male Female Name of gamete Where produced in body? # of gametes produced from one parent cell Chromosome # in gamete 19. What is fertilization? 20. What is the chromosome number in a human zygote? 21. What process takes place after fertilization? 22. Complete the following chart to show how mitosis and meiosis compare/contrast. Mitosis Meiosis Function Location in Body Number of daughter cells Change in chromosome number Number of phases Number of cell divisions Difference in DNA between parent and daughter cells. 23. What biological advantage does sexual reproduction provide over asexual reproduction? 1. Cell division 2. body cells / somatic cells 3. growth and repair 4. PMAT – Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase 5. Prophase – nuclear membrane disappears & spindle fibers form Metaphase – chromosomes meet in the middle of cell Anaphase – sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of cell Telophase – two nuclear membranes form around each group of chromosomes, cytokinesis begins 6. Interphase 7. Interphase 8. diploid 9. diploid 10. two 11. identical to the parent 12. no sex cells involved 13. binary fission, budding, vegetative propagation, regeneration, sporulation. 14. binary fission – amoeba; budding – yeast; vegetative propagation – strawberry plants; regeneration – lizard tails; sporulation – mushrooms 15. cell division in preparation of sexual reproduction 16. gametes / male and female sex cells 17. to maintain the correct chromosome number within a species 18. 8 – Meiosis I and Meiosis II 19. haploid 20. testes 21. four 22. twenty-three (23) 23. ovaries 24. one 25. twenty-three 26. joining of egg and sperm cell 27. forty-six (46) 28. mitosis