Download Title: Comparing a Monomer to a Polymer

Is it Organic or Inorganic? Raise the correct answer in the air
Substance
Formula
Octane
Starch
Steel
Butane
Baking Soda
Olive Oil
Methane
Vaseline
Neon
Sodium
Lactose (milk)
Ethyl alcohol
Steroid
Hydrogen peroxide
Propane
Glycerin
Fructose (fruit)
Aluminum
Ammonia
Wax
Sodium Chloride
Isopropyl alcohol
Sand
Sucrose
Water
Canola oil
Cellulose (wood)
Drano
Glucose
C8 H18
(C6 H 10 O5 )n
Fe
C4 H10
NaHCO3
C18 H34 O2
C H4
C20 H42
Ne
Na
C12 H 22 O11
C2 H5 OH
C27 H 46
H2O2
C3 H 8
C3H8O3
C6H12O6
Al
NH3
C25H52
NaCl
C3H7OH
SiO2
C12H22O11
H2O
C18H30O2
(C6H10O5 )n
KOH
C6H12O6
Organic or Inorganic
Use
1.
What is the main element all organic compounds have in common?
2.
What is the most common use for most of the lightweight organic compounds
(fewer than 10 carbon atoms)?
3.
Can you infer from their formulas which seem more complex, inorganic or organic
compounds? Give some examples to defend your answer.
4.
How does the composition of organic foods compare to the composition of organic
fuels? Explain.
5.
How are organic substances different from inorganic substances?
6.
What is a hydrocarbon?
7.
What smaller molecules make up polymers?
8.
What is a biological molecule?
9.
Give an example of a natural polymer and one of its uses.
10. Give an example of a synthetic polymer and one of its uses.
11. What are the small units that make up proteins?
12. Why are lipids better for stored energy than carbohydrates?
Fill in the blank: hydrocarbons, monomers, isomers, proteins, aromatic, nucleic.
1. Biological polymers such as DNA and RNA are called _______________________acids.
2. Compounds that have the same chemical formula but different molecular structure shapes are
called ____________________________________. (p 265)
3. ____________________________are compounds made up of only hydrogen and carbon.
4. Small molecules that form the links of a polymer chain are called ______________________.
5. ____________________________ are biological compounds formed from amino acids.
6. ____________________________ compounds contain a benzene ring. (p. 266)
Multiple Choice:
7. A compound that is made up of only carbon and hydrogen is called a(n)
a. alcohol
c. hydrocarbon
b. amino acid
d. carbohydrate
8. Which of the following explains why there are so many carbon compounds?
a. Carbon has 6 electrons.
c. Carbon can form four covalent bonds.
b. Carbon is a nonmetal.
d. Carbon has 6 protons in its nucleus.
9. Examples of Hydrocarbons are
a. gasoline, graphite, propane
b. diesel fuel, nucleotides, jet fuel
c. jet fuel, plastics, synthetic fibers
d. gasoline, plastics, sugars
Organic substances are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen.
Many carbon-based molecules are polymers. A polymer is a large molecule that forms when
many smaller molecules link together by covalent bonds. The smaller molecules that make a
polymer are called monomers.
Carbon-based molecules have three fundamental structures: straight chains, branched chains and
rings. All three types of molecules are based on carbon’s ability to form four covalent bonds.
Biological molecules are natural polymers made by organisms in their cells.
 Proteins molecules are long chains of small units (amino acid monomers) that are
arranged in various configurations so they can form a wide variety of molecules. Examples
are enzymes, muscle fibers and fingernails.
 Carbohydrate molecules (sugars and starches) provide organisms with energy when
they break down into smaller molecules.
 Lipid molecules (fats and oils) are good sources of stored energy because lipids produce
more energy per gram than carbohydrates.
 Nucleic Acids are polymers made up of monomers called nucleotides that make proteins
using the two types of nucleic acids called DNA and RNA.
Hydrocarbons are organic molecules that contain only the elements carbon and hydrogen. Carbon
and hydrogen can combine to make thousands of different hydrocarbon compounds.
 Many hydrocarbons are combustible so they are used for fuel. Examples are gasoline,
kerosene, jet fuel, and diesel oil.
 Many hydrocarbons form long chain polymers so they can be used to make plastic and
synthetic fibers.
1. What is a hydrocarbon? ______________________________________________________
2. Why are most hydrocarbons used for fuel? _______________________________________
3. What smaller molecules make up polymers? _____________________________________
4. What is a biological molecule? ________________________________________________
5. What are the small units that make up proteins? ___________________________________
6. Why are lipids better for stored energy than carbohydrates? _________________________
7. What is the best use of hydrocarbons?
a. Cleaning agents
c. salts
b. fuels
d. antacids
6. What element is found in all organic compounds?
a. water
c. carbon
b. oxygen
d. nitrogen
7. Which substance is organic?
a. kerosene
b. copper wire
c. gold earrings
d. water
8. All of the following are organic except
a. gasoline
c. hydrogen
b. plastic
d. lipid
9. Which of the following is not considered a protein?
a. fingernails
c. fats and oils
b. muscle fiber
d. enzymes
10. A polymer formed from amino acid monomers is a (an)
a. lipid
c. nucleic acid
b. protein
d. carbohydrate
11. Proteins that act as catalysts in chemical reactions that occur in cells are
a. vitamins
c. amino acids
b. enzymes
d. carbohydrates
Natural and Synthetic polymers have many industrial uses.
 Synthetic polymers are developed by chemists in research laboratories. Examples are: polar
fleece to make fabric; synthetic rubber for tires; nylon to make fishing line and carpet;
polyethylene to make plastic milk jugs and plastic baggies.
 Natural polymers are have many industrial uses. Examples are: silk and cotton to make
fabrics; jute to make rope and burlap, and trees for building supplies.
1. Give an example of a natural polymer and one of its uses._________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Give an example of a synthetic polymer and one of its uses. ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Plastic is a (an)
a. monomer
b. polymer
c. nucleic acid
d. inorganic compound
Inorganic substances may or may not contain carbons.
 Copper is an inorganic substance that is ductile and conducts electricity, so it is used for wiring.
 Aluminum has a low density compared to other metals with similar strength so it is used for
airplanes.
 Water is a good solvent for many compounds, so it is used to wash clothes.
 Argon is an inert/stable gas that will not react with the filament, so it is used in light bulbs .
1. How are organic substances different from inorganic substances? ____________________
____________________________________________________________________________