Download title: musculo-skeletal system quiz

7th Grade Science Assessment
Name __________________
RIO UNIT 19 – Respiratory & Excretory Systems
1. What is the most important function of
the respiratory system? (Analyzing)
A. To generate enough air pressure,
so the lungs do not collapse.
B. To move air past the vocal chords
and create sound.
C. To move oxygen from the outside
3. Where in the respiratory system does
gas exchange occur? (Analyzing)
A. Part A
B. Part B
C. Part C
D. Part D
environment into the body.
D. To provide structural support for
the chest cavity.
4. Which part of the diagram shows the
trachea? (Knowing)
A. Part A
2. What role do mucus and cilia play in the
respiratory system? (Analyzing)
A. They clean and moisten the air
you breathe in.
B. They help you smell and taste the
food you eat.
C. They slow down the flow of air
into your lungs.
B. Part B
C. Part C
D. Part D
5. Which two organ systems work together
to get oxygen to your cells? (Integrating)
A. Circulatory and Muscular systems
B. Circulatory and Excretory systems
D. They help foreign substances
travel down to your lungs.
C. Respiratory and Muscular systems
D. Circulatory and Respiratory
systems
The diagram below shows several organs in
the respiratory system. Use the diagram to
answer questions 3 and 4.
6. When you breathe, which route does the
incoming air take on its way to the lungs?
(Organizing)
A
A. Nose  trachea  pharynx bronchi
B
B. Nose  trachea  bronchi  pharynx
C
C. Nose  pharynx  trachea  bronchi
D
D. Nose bronchi trachea  pharynx
alveolus
gas B
gas A
capillary
The diagram below shows the major organs
of the respiratory system. Use the diagram
to answer questions 7 and 8.
direction of blood
flow
D. They would have trouble
coughing.
The diagram below shows one alveolus (air
sac) and its blood supply. Use the diagram
to answer questions 9 and 10.
A
Y
B
C
7. Which structure causes breathing by
moving air in and out of the body when it
D
contracts & relaxes? (Applying)
A. Part A
B. Part B
C. Part C
9. What happens to the blood as it passes
through the capillary around the
alveolus? (Analyzing)
A. oxygen enters the blood, carbon
dioxide leaves the blood.
B. carbon dioxide enters the blood,
oxygen leaves the blood
C. air enters the blood, and water
vapor leaves the blood.
D. Part D
8. What probably happens to a person if
part Y (larynx) is damaged or
infected?(Generating)
A. They would have trouble
swallowing.
B. They would have trouble
breathing.
C. They would have trouble speaking.
D. oxygen and carbon dioxide enter
the blood, and nitrogen leaves the
blood.
10. The walls of the alveoli and capillaries
are very thin. Why are the thin walls
important to their function? (Analyzing)
A. They allow room for many alveoli
to fit in the lungs.
B. They allow gases to flow easily
into and out of the blood.
A. The air you breathe out contains
more oxygen, carbon dioxide and
water vapor.
C. They prevent the spread of
infection into the blood.
B. The air you breathe out contains
less oxygen, carbon dioxide and
water vapor.
D. They prevent too much blood from
building up in the lungs.
C. The air you breathe out contains
more oxygen, but less carbon
dioxide and water vapor.
11. How does the air you breathe out
compare to the air you breathe in?
(Applying)
D. The air you breathe out contains
less oxygen, but more carbon
dioxide and water vapor.
You notice as you run up a flight of stairs to your next class that your heart is pounding and
your breathing is deeper and more rapid than when you started. After a short time sitting in
class, your respiration rate and heart rate seem to return to normal. You know that during
exercise, your heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and ability to hold your breath
(maximum breath-holding time) change. You gather the data shown in table below. Use this
data to answer questions 12, 13, and 14.
Normal
(standing)
Walking up
stairs
Running up
stairs
Pulse rate
(beats/min)
Respiration rate
(breaths/min)
Blood pressure
(diastolic/systolic)
Maximum
breath-holding
time
75
12
110/80
55
90
15
120/80
45
110
20
130/80
30
12. As exercise becomes more strenuous,
which changes occur? (Analyzing)
A. Pulse rate, respiration rate, and
diastolic blood pressure all
decrease.
C. Pulse rate and respiration rate
increase while diastolic blood
pressure decreases.
D. Pulse rate increases while
respiration rate and diastolic blood
pressure decrease.
B. Pulse rate, respiration rate, and
diastolic blood pressure all
increase
13. Suppose you lie down immediately after
you run up the stairs. What would happen
to respiration rate and maximum breathholding time after 15 minutes?
(Generating)
A. Respiration rate and maximum
breath-holding time would both
increase.
B. Respiration rate and maximum
breath-holding time would both
decrease.
The diagrams below show a cross
section of a bronchiole (the small tubes
in the lungs) before, during and after an
asthma attack. Use the diagram to
answer question 16.
C. Respiration rate would increase,
and maximum breath-holding time
would decrease.
D. Respiration rate would decrease,
and maximum breath-holding time
would increase.
14. As you exercise, why does your
respiration rate increase? (Applying)
A. Your blood pressure is increasing.
B. You are sweating and need more
water vapor.
C. More oxygen is needed to provide
energy for your working muscles.
D. More oxygen is needed to keep
your temperature down.
15. The trachea contains rings of a stiff
material called cartilage. What role do
these rings of cartilage play? (Applying)
16. A person who has an asthma attack finds
it difficult to breathe. An inhaler helps
the person breathe more easily. The wall
of the tubes contains a ring of muscle.
During an asthma attack, this muscle
contracts and the airway becomes
narrower. Which statement best
describes how using the inhaler affects
your airways? (Evaluating)
A. It relaxes the ring of muscle
around the bronchioles.
B. It reduces the swelling in the
bronchiole lining.
C. It causes the muscles to contract
making the bronchioles stronger.
A. To aid in swallowing.
B. To keep the airway open.
C. To protect the esophagus.
D. To support your head.
D. It causes you to breathe faster to
get more oxygen.
The graph below compares the lung function
of non-smokers and smokers. Use the graph
to answer questions 17, 18 and 19.
Comparing Lung Function in
Nonsmokers and Smokers
B. People who smoke have better
lung function than those who don’t
smoke.
C. By the age of 50, a smoker will
have 50% lung function.
D. Smoking significantly reduces lung
function.
19. How can smoking lead to respiratory
diseases such as emphysema? (Applying)
A. by destroying lung tissue
B. by damaging the diaphragm
C. by slowing the heart rate
D. by increasing hemoglobin levels
17. At approximately what age do the lungs
of the smoker have the same capacity as
the lungs of a 75-year-old who has
never smoked? (Analyzing)
A. 25
B. 45
C. 65
20. How does perspiration help maintain
homeostasis? (Integrating)
A. It evaporates keeping heat in your
body.
D. 75
A
B
18. What general conclusion about lung
function and smoking could you make
from this graph? (Generating)
A. Smoking does not affect lung
function.
C
D
B. It evaporates carrying body heat
away.
C. It evaporates carrying extra water
away.
D. It evaporates and eliminates waste
from the body.
21. What is the main function of the
excretory system? (Analyzing)
A. To protect the respiratory system.
B. To bring oxygen to body cells.
C. To fight disease.
D. To remove wastes from the body.
22. Under normal conditions, which of the
following substances is found in urine?
(Applying)
B. Part B
C. Part C
D. Part D
25. Why are the kidneys often compared to
“filters”? (Evaluate)
A. They clean particles out of the air
we breathe.
B. They clean toxins out of the water
we drink.
C. They remove waste products from
the blood.
D. They remove excess urine from
the bladder.
26. Why would a doctor conduct a chemical
analysis of a patient’s urine? (Integrating)
A. Urea
B. Glucose
C. Protein
D. Blood cells
The diagram below shows the major organs
of the excretory system. Use the diagram to
answer questions 23 and 24.
23. Which organ is the kidney? (Knowing)
A. To see whether the kidneys are
working properly.
B. To see if the patient has enough
oxygen in their blood.
C. To remove excess waste from the
body.
D. To determine the health of the
digestive system.
A. Part A
B. Part B
C. Part C
D. Part D
24. Which organ stores the urine before it
leaves your body? (Organizing)
A. Part A
The table shows average daily water loss in
humans (mL). Use the table to answer
questions 27 and 28.
C. It keeps the body’s temperature
stable by controlling your heart
rate.
D. It keeps the proper oxygen levels
in your blood by controlling your
breathing rate.
27. What is the major source of water loss
during normal weather? (Analyzing)
A. Lungs
B. Urine
C. Sweat
D. Digestive Waste
28. What is the most important reason to
drink a lot of water when you are
exercising heavily? (Evaluating)
A. To replace the extra water you
lose in urine.
B. To replace the extra water you
lose from breathing hard during
exercise.
C. To replace the extra water you
lose by sweating.
D. To keep your digestive system
working properly.
29. What is the primary way that the
excretory system helps maintain
homeostasis? (Applying)
A. It keeps the body free of harmful
levels of chemicals by eliminating
waste products.
B. It keeps the body’s internal
environment stable by conserving
as much as water as possible.
30. Your blood is constantly being filtered by
the kidneys. Which statement best
describes the blood entering and leaving
the kidneys? (Evaluating)
A. The blood entering the kidneys
contains more harmful chemicals
than the blood leaving the kidneys.
B. The blood entering the kidneys
contains less water than the blood
leaving the kidneys.
C. The blood entering the kidneys
has less blood pressure than the
blood leaving the kidneys.
D. The blood entering the kidneys is
cleaner than the blood leaving the
kidneys.
31. Kidney disease can occur when the
kidneys are damaged and stop working
properly. If both kidneys fail, how can a
person maintain homeostasis and stay
healthy? (Integrating)
A. By carefully managing the diet to
make sure harmful chemicals don’t
build up in the blood.
B. Antibiotics can control bacterial
infections to keep the person
healthy.
C. The blood needs to be filtered by
a machine in a process called
dialysis.
D. The person should increase water
intake to maintain urine output.
32. People can remain healthy even after one
kidney is removed. The other kidney can
often keep the blood clean, but usually
changes because it is doing the work of
two kidneys. Which statement best
describes how the remaining kidney may
change? (Evaluating)
A. It becomes stronger, to push the
blood through faster.
B. It clones itself to replace the
missing kidney.
C. It becomes smaller and weaker,
due to the strain of doing double
the work.
D. It becomes larger, enabling it to
filter more blood.