Download A Review of World War I - Fill in the Blank Note Guide

Name ________________________
Period 2 3 4 5 6 7
Date _____________________
A REVIEW OF WWI
PART 1: WAR BREAKS OUT IN EUROPE
I. The Start of WWI
A. Archduke ___________________________ of Austria visits Sarajevo on a ________________
national holiday.
1. June 28, 1914 was Serbia’s _____________________ Day.
2. The day was also a day of mourning to commemorate a military defeat centuries before.
B. Ferdinand and his _________ were shot and killed by a Serbian nationalist/patriot.
C. One month later, ________________ declared war on Serbia. One by one, the nations of Europe
chose sides and the ___________________ (WWI) began.
II. Causes of World War I
A. Imperialism –
1. Britain, France, Germany and Italy __________________________ in Asia and Africa.
2. ________________ was jealous of the other imperialist nations because it did not have as many
colonies. _______________ felt it deserved more.
B. Nationalism –
1. European nations wanted to prove that their individual nation was ___________.
2. They felt that their country’s interests were far more important than the others. This created
_________________!
C. Militarism –
1. This is the belief that a nation needs ________________________________. European
nations were building up their __________ and _______ during peacetime to show their power
to the ______________.
D. Alliances – In ________, a tangled network of competing alliances bound European nations
together. An attack on one nation forced its allies to come to its aid. A small conflict could
become a ___________________________.
****European nations had divided into 2 opposing alliances:
- The Central Powers – Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and ________________.
- The Allied Powers (the Allies) – Serbia, Russia, France, Great Britain, Italy and
___________________________________.
III. New Methods of Warfare
A. ____________________ - troops huddled in rat infested trenches and fired artillery and
machine guns at one another. This cost thousands of lives with little gain.
B. New Technologies –
1. ___________ (a british invention)
2. Poison gas (___________ and _________ soldiers)
3. U-boats or _____________ (guns & torpedoes to block trade – sank over ____ million tons of
Allied shipping)
4. ______________ - first major combat used – Manfred von Richthofen (the Red Barron) shot
down over _______ planes. (5+ = Ace)
5. Machine gun (fired _______ bullets a minute)
IV. The US Switches from Neutrality to an Ally Power
A. The Germans sink the ____________________, killing ________ people including ________
Americans.
1. It was a ________________ passenger ship.
2. The event turned many Americans ______________ the Germans.
B. Zimmermann Telegram –
1. A telegram written by a German foreign minister (_________________________) that was
intercepted by the ____________________.
2. Germany was trying to persuade _____________ to join the Central Powers. Germany
promised to help __________ get back the __________ that it lost to the US in the
______________________________. (Texas, New Mexico and ________________)
3. This news made Americans ______________.
PART 2: AMERICA JOINS THE FIGHT
I. The ____________ Begins
A. The ______ started so that the government could fulfill its need for ___________.
(The US had less than 200,000 soldiers.)
B. In May 1917, Congress passed the ________________________________, which required all
males between the ages of _____ and ______ to sign up for military service. By the end of 1918,
nearly ____ million men had been drafted.
II. The US Enters the War
A. By the time the first American troops arrived in _____________, the Allies had been at war for
almost ____ years.
B. The troops helped shift the balance in favor of the Allies by giving the other Ally countries a
________________________.
C. Americans were proud of the contribution their troops made to the war effort. (About ___ million
American soldiers went to France. Around ______ African-Americans also served in the armed
forces and it was the first time in US history that ___________ served in the military.
III. Armistice Day
A. On ______________________ at 11am (the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month) the
Germans agreed to an armistice (_______________). (Armistice Day!)
B. About ___ million soldiers died in the war (_____ million Allied/_____ million Central Powers) and
about ___ million were wounded.
PART 3: LIFE ON THE HOME FRONT
I. The Wartime Economy
A. _______________ were low interest loans by ___________ to the government, meant to be repaid
in a number of years.
B. The war brought more government control of the _________. To produce such needed war supplies,
President ___________ set up the ___________________.
II. Propaganda
A. Propaganda - ______________ that are expressed for the purpose of __________ the actions of
the people.
B. Patriotic propaganda did much to win __________ for the war. But its anti-German/anti-foreign
focus also fueled ___________. Suddenly people ______________ anything German.
III. Influenza Epidemic
A. After the war, in the year _____, a deadly flu epidemic swept the globe.
B. The ________________ started in an ____________ training camp in ___________ and spread
rapidly through the ___________.
C. The flu killed more than _________________ people on ____ continents by the time it
disappeared in 1919.
PART 4: THE LEGACY OF THE GREAT WAR
I. Wilson’s Fourteen Points
On ___________________, President Wilson outlined his vision for the postwar world in a plan known
as the ______________________.
The Fourteen Points were a list of specific proposals for ______________________.
Key goals of the Fourteen Points:
* End ___________ alliances
* Encourage ____________________
* Remove ____________________________
* Reduce _____________________________
* Resolve _____________________________
* Support the right of people to choose their own ____________________
* Settle ________________________
* Establish the ___________________________
II. Treaty of Versailles
A. Conditions of the treaty
1. Germany had to pay $_____ billion in reparations in order to pay for the destruction that it
caused during the war.
2. Germany had to ___________________________ for causing the war.
3. Large empires like Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire were __________ up.
4. The ________________________________ was created.
B. Aftermath of the Treaty
1. Due to the stress, ________________________ suffers a stroke in September 1919. (In ___
days, he had traveled almost _________ miles and gave over ___ speeches.)
2. The ___________ refuses to approve the League of Nations treaty.
3. League of Nations is formed _____________ the US.
C. Results of the Treaty
1. It failed to make Europe ___________ without the US in the League of Nations.
2. Germans grew ____________ because of admitting guilt and __________ reparations.
3. Germany goes through a __________________.
GERMAN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AFTER WW1
In January 1921, German currency was worth ___ _________ to the dollar.
By November 1923, one dollar was worth _____________________ marks.
Price of a Loaf of Bread
1918 – just over half a mark
1922 – _______ marks/loaf
1923 (Nov) – ___________ million marks/loaf
TREATY OF VERSAILLES
(Limitations)
TYPE
Planes
Warships
Soldiers
Conscription**
AMOUNT ALLOWED
________
________
________
________
**(Involuntary labor demanded by an established
Authority)