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PRE-AP 9-Weeks Test will be over the “Odyssey” during our next class. Material that will be covered: Telemachus’ and Odysseus’ travels (in chronological order), up to Book 9. Odyssey Test Study Guide (definition of “odyssey,” “epic poem,” knowledge of gods/goddesses, etc.) “Odyssey” Book Test topics (Books 1-9) Tell me the order of Telemachus’ travels. (Telemachus leaves Ithaca.) 1. 2. (Telemachus returns to Ithaca.) Tell me the order of Odysseus’ travels. (Odysseus leaves Troy.) (Returns to Circe’s island, Aeaea) 1. 8. TBA 2. 9. TBA 3. 10. TBA 4. TBA 11. TBA 5. TBA 12. TBA 6. TBA 7. TBA (Arrives home at Ithaca.) Tell me letter of the correct answer. 1. What is an odyssey? a. An odyssey is a type of treasure that Odysseus finds along the way. b. An odyssey is a long narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds. c. An odyssey is a long series of wanderings or adventures, especially when filled with extraordinary experiences, hardships, etc. 2. What is an epic poem? a. An epic poem is a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds. b. An epic poem is a type of poem that is written in the ABAB rhyme scheme. c. An epic poem is a long series of wanderings or adventures, especially when filled with extraordinary experiences, hardships, etc. 3. How were epic poems first shared? a. Epics were first told orally, and then later written down. b. Epics were first shared through sign language. c. Epics were first shared through text messaging. 4. Which of the following is a characteristic of an epic poem? a. opens in medias res (in the middle of the story) b. begins with a summon to a muse c. Both a and b. 5. Who is Homer? a. Homer is a main character in The Odyssey. b. Homer is a legendary ancient Greek epic poet who lived in 9th-century, BC. He is the author of The Iliad and The Odyssey. c. Homer is the place in which Odysseus is from. 6. Who is Odysseus? a. The king of Ithaca and plays a big part in The Iliad and The Odyssey. b. The king of Troy and plays a big part in The Illiad and The Odyssey. c. Odysseus is a legendary ancient Greek epic poet who lived in 9th-century, BC. He is the author of The Iliad and The Odyssey. 7. What is Ithaca? a. Ithaca is one of the females who captures Odysseus. b. Ithaca is an island located in Greece and it is Odysseus’ home. c. Ithaca is where the Trojan War took place. 8. What was the Trojan War? a. The Trojan War was a war that Odysseus started when Polyphemus prayed to his father, Poseidon. b. The Trojan War was a war that lasted 20 years and made it difficult for Odysseus to come back because the aftermath created a cloud in the atmosphere, making it almost impossible to see. c. The Trojan War was a war that took place in Troy after Aphrodite set up a plan for Paris to have Menelaus’ wife, Helen. Odysseus and other men who had once been Helen’s suitor went to war to bring her back to Greece. Greek Mythology On your own sheet of paper, write the letter that corresponds to the correct answer. 9. Who were the first parents? a. Adam and Eve b. Gaea (Gaia) and Ouranos (Uranus) c. The Titans and the Olympians 10. Who are the Titans? a. The first parents. b. The first generation of gods. c. The second generation of gods. 11. Who are the Olympians? a. The first parents. 12. 13. 14. 15. b. The first generation of gods. c. The second generation of gods. Who is Zeus? a. Zeus rules over the Olympians and is the god of sky, lightning, and thunder. b. Zeus rules over the Titans and is the god of water and earthquakes. c. Zeus is the daughter of Hercules and Hera. Who is Poseidon? a. Poseidon is the god of the sky and Polyphemus’ brother. b. Poseidon is the god of the sea and Zeus’ brother. c. Poseidon is the messenger god. Who is Athena? a. Athena is born full-grown out of the head of Zeus and was considered the best-loved goddess on Olympus. b. Athena is a goddess who helped Odysseus and Telemachus with their journeys. c. Both a and b. Who is Hermes? a. Hermes is the god of the sea and Cronos’ brother. b. Hermes is the god who helped Odysseus and Telemachus with their journeys. c. Hermes is the messenger god who, when a baby, made a lyre and pipe for his brother Apollo. 16. Who are the Muses? a. The Muses are the three sisters who decide when a person dies by cutting a line of string. b. The Muses are the nine daughters of Zeus who preside over the arts and sciences, and are the ones who help sing the stories of heroes. c. The Muses are the three sisters who decide the punishment for someone who has caused wrongdoing. The Odyssey On your own sheet of paper, write the letter that corresponds to the correct answer. 17. Which goddess helps Odysseus and Telemachus throughout the story? a. Calypso b. Hera c. Athena 18. What is Athena’s epithet? a. Athena the Titan b. Athena the Courageous c. Grey-eyed goddess Athena 19. Athena finds ways to influence Telemachus. What is Athena’s disguise in Chapter 1? a. Athena disguises herself as the family doctor, Doctroachus. b. Athena disguises herself as a relative, Sicheria. c. Athena disguises herself as a family friend, Mentes. 20. How does Odysseus escape from Calypso? a. Odysseus tricks Calypso into letting him go. b. Calypso feels bad for Odysseus and decides to let him go. c. Hermes sends a message to Calypso telling her to let Odysseus go. 21. How does Odysseus escape from Polyphemus? a. Odysseus comes up with the plan to get Polyphemus drunk, to poke his eye out, and to escape under Polyphemus’ sheep. b. Eurylochus comes up with the plan to kill Polyphemus so that his leader, Odysseus, can escape and make it back to Ithaca. c. He doesn’t escape; Polyphemus kills him. 22. Which of the following is a Homeric simile? a. “In a smithy / one sees a white-hot axhead or an adze / plunged and wrung in a cold tub, screeching steam— / the way they make soft iron hale and hard— / just so that eyeball hissed around the spike” (9.385-389). b. “The boy ran as quickly as lightning to see his mother.” c. Neither a or b. Crossover Question On your own sheet of paper, answer one of the following crossover questions. Remember the steps! 23. CHOOSE ONLY ONE QUESTION TO ANSWER. a. What is the major theme in “Calypso, The Sweet Nymph” and where else can it be found in the story? Support your answer with evidence from the text. b. What theme is the major theme in “The Cyclops” and where else can it be found in the story? Support your answer with evidence from the text. Explain the question to me with a short answer. 1. What is the purpose of the Muse in the opening verses? 2. Where is Odysseus when he tells his tale of his adventure from Troy? 3. What is the name of Odysseus’ hometown? 4. Cicones is the first place Odysseus visits after leaving Troy. What mistake did Odysseus’ men make after attacking the area? 5. The land of the Lotus-Eaters (Malea) is the second place Odysseus visits after leaving Troy. Which characteristics of an epic hero does Odysseus display in this section? 6. The land of the Cyclopes is the third place Odysseus and his men visit after leaving Troy. Quote the Homeric simile Odysseus uses when describing the prodigious Cyclops on page 1050. Then, translate the Homeric simile into your own words. 7. What character flaw does Odysseus reveal by refusing to leave the Cyclops’ cave? How might this flaw cause trouble? 8. Ancient Greek society felt hospitality and politeness were extremely important; in fact, the Greeks thought these were rules enforced by the gods. What does Odysseus say to the Cyclops that shows expectation of hospitality and respect for strangers? 9. What factors complicate the Greeks’ attempt at escaping the Cyclops’ cave? 10. The Cyclops asks for Odysseus’ name. What name does Odysseus’ tell the Cyclops, and why might he have done this? 11. Quote the Homeric simile that describes the ramming of the stake into the Cyclops’ eye. Then, translate the Homeric simile into your own words. 12. What do the other Cyclopes think Polyphemus is saying when he says, “Nohbdy’s tricked me”? 13. How do Odysseus and his men escape from Polyphemus’ cave? 14. What is a character flaw Odysseus reveals as he sails away from Isamarus? How might this flaw cause trouble? 15. How do lines 472-294 show ancient Greek beliefs about the gods’ involvement in the mortal world? What does the Cyclops ask for in his prayer to Poseidon? Book 1 Test: Pre-AP 1. How does Athena assist Odysseus when she sends Hermes the god messenger? 2. What are Athena’s plans to produce a mature and wellrounded Telemachus to better aid Odysseus? 3. What kind of relationship do the suitors have with Odysseus’ kingdom? Book 2 Test: PRE-AP 1. Why does Telemachus hold a meeting in Ithaca? 2. What trick does Antinoos proclaim Penelope is doing, and why does she do it? Book 3 Test: PRE-AP 1. Where does Telemachus arrive first after leaving Ithaca? 3. Who joins Telemachus on the journey to Sparta? (I want to know who this companion is related to.) Book 4 Test: PRE-AP 1. Describe the theme of disguise shown in Helen’s story of the Trojan War. 2. The gods initially refuse Menelaus to travel home to Sparta after the war due to lack of offerings. What must he do in order to change this situation? 3. What is an important piece of information Menelaus learns when attempting to get back home from the war? 4. During the time in which Telemachus is visiting Menelaus, what is happening in Ithaca? Book 5 Test: PRE-AP 1. How is Calypso’s speech to Odysseus ironic when she tells him he is now free to go? 2. Give an example that shows divine intervention in Book 5. Book 6: PRE-AP 1. Odysseus arrives at the land of the Phaecians (known as Skheria). Describe the symbolism of hunting shown through Princess Nausikaa’s actions and the parallel form of Artemis. 2. How does Odysseus portray curiosity? 3. Why does Princess Nausikaa not allow Odysseus to travel with her to the palace? Book 7 Test: PRE-AP 1. How is the theme of disguise shown when Odysseus travels to the palace? 2. What is a main conflict that Odysseus faces while at Phaecia? 3. Why is the king so upset as he has a conversation with Odysseus concerning his arrival to the palace? Book 8 Test: PRE-AP 1. What does King Alkinoos (Alcinous) and the rest of the Phaecians still not know about Odysseus? 2. How does one Phaecian—Seareach—offend Odysseus? 3. When Odysseus rebuttals Seareach’s accusations, what does characteristic trait does Odysseus portray that is considered positive to the Ancient Greeks, but is seen as negative in today’s society? 4. What is the purpose of Athena’s disguise as Odysseus proves himself with the discus? Book 9 Test: PRE-AP 1. Book 9 contrives a flashback so that the reader (and King Alkinoos/Alcinous) may understand the events Odysseus faced after leaving Troy. How does the lotus flower in Malea connect to the theme of homesickness? 3. Describe a conflict Odysseus’ men face while they visit the Cyclops’ (Polyphemus’) cave. 4. “In a smithy one sees a white-hot axehead…plunged and wrung in a cold tub, screeching steam…: just so that eyeball hissed around the spike” is an example of what literary device? 5. How does Odysseus prove his cunning nature when he lies about his name to the Cyclops? 6. How do Odysseus and his men escape the cave? 7. What character flaw does Odysseus reveal as he and his men leave the island? (I also want you to tell me what happens because of this character flaw.)