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Skills Worksheet
The Rock Cycle Notes (pgs. 90-96)
Section: The Rock Cycle (pg. 90)
1. Describe a “rock”.
a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter
2. Describe the “rock cycle”.
The series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from on type to another,
is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes
THE VALUE OF ROCK (PG. 90)
3. Describe how humans have used rocks throughout history. Be sure to give lots
of details and examples!
Early Humans used rocks as hammers to make other tools. They made
arrowheads, spear points, knives, and scrapers by carefully shaping rocks
such as chert and obsidian. Rocks have been used to make buildings,
monuments, and roads. Buildings have been made out of granite, limestone,
marble, sandstone, slate, and other rocks. Modern buildings contain concrete
and plaster.
Processes that shape the earth (PG. 91)
4. The process in which water, wind, ice, and heat break down rock is called
weathering
5. One reason that weathering is important is because it breaks rock down into
fragments, or sediment, from which sedimentary rocks are made.
6. The process by which sediment is removed from its source is called erosion.
7. During deposition, sediment is deposited in bodies of water and other lowlying areas.
8. Sedimentary rock can be made when sediment is pressed and cemented
together by minerals dissolved in water.
9. Movement within the Earth that causes buried rock to be exposed at the
Earth’s surface is called uplift
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Rocks: Mineral Mixtures
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10. When uplifted rocks reach the Earth’s surface, weathering, erosion, and
deposition begin.
Directed Reading A continued
ILLUSTRATING THE ROCK CYCLE (PGS 92-93)
Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space
provided.
11. Describe “magma”.
Hot liquid that forms when rock partially or completely melts
12. Describe “sediment”.
Uplift and erosion expose the igneous rock at the Earth’s surface
13. Describe igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rock using the chart below.
IGNEOUS
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
Magma cools and
Overtime sediment forms
When larges pieces of the Earth’s
solidifies to become
thick layers that are
crust collide, some of the rock is
igneous rock
compacted and cemented
forced downward. At great depths,
together to form
intense heat and pressure and
sedimentary rock. (often
squeeze the sedimentary rock to
contains fossils)
change it into metamorphic rock
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
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Rocks: Mineral Mixtures
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ROUND AND ROUND IT GOES (PG. 94)
14. A rock at the Earth’s surface is primarily affected by forces of
weathering
and
erosion.
15. A rock deep underground is primarily affected by forces of extreme
heat and
pressure.
ROCK CLASSIFICATION (PGS. 95 & 96)
16. Scientists study rocks using what two important criteria?
a. composition
b. texture
17. Define “composition”.
The chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or other materials in
the rock.
18. Define “texture”.
The quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock’s
grains
19. The texture of a rock can provide clues as to how and where the rock
formed.
Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
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Rocks: Mineral Mixtures